软骨的

Both cell proliferation and cell apoptosis are important in condyle development. And Bcl-2 gene family plays a crucial role in regulation of cartilage cell apoptosis.

软骨细胞的增殖和凋亡是髁突软骨发育中重要的生物学基础，而Bcl-2基因家族是软骨细胞凋亡调控网络中的关键因素。

Disc cell mainly consist of chondrocytes, PTHrP-Ihh negative feedback mechanism can modulate differentiation and maturation of chondrcytes during endocartilage ossification in epiphysis of long shaft bone, but its effect on vertebral development is still unknown.

椎间盘细胞主要由软骨细胞样细胞组成，PTHrP和Ihh形成的负反馈机制在长管骨软骨内骨化过程中对软骨细胞分化和成熟具有调节作用，在椎体和椎间盘的发育过程中的作用仍未阐明。

Until recently, it generally was thought that there was no effective clinical treatment that could restore a damaged cartilage and prevent the normal sequelae of degenerative joint disease, for the repair tissue typically was classified as fibrocartilage and was not hyaline.

由于以往的修复技术产生的修复组织通常为纤维软骨而非透明软骨，最终都发生退变，因此，目前还普遍认为临床缺乏有效的治疗手段来治疗软骨损伤。

Longitudinal wave and thermal membrane programs of osteoarthritis kneepad can delay degeneration of cartilage macroscopic morphology, chondrocyte and cartilage matrix. Moreover, its effect is superior over microwave treatment, electricity or thermal membrane treatment alone.

治疗型关节炎护膝的疏密波+热软膜程序能延缓膝关节软骨宏观形态、软骨细胞及软骨基质的退变，效果优于微波仪治疗或单纯的疏密波、热软膜治疗。

Specimens were harvested at the 2nd and 4th week after injection, and stained with HE and toluidine blue.

在注入无载体的软骨细胞悬液组，部分动物的皮下注射点有少量软骨组织形成，而在注入无细胞的藻酸钙载体组则未见软骨形成。

Methods: Nineteen patients with symptomatic chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee who were treated with fresh osteochondral allografts between 1999 and 2002 were prospectively followed. The mean age at the time of surgery was thirty-four years.

从1999到2002年随访了19位接受新鲜骨软骨同种异体骨治疗有症状的膝关节软骨和骨软骨病变的病人，手术时的平均年龄为34岁。

Methods: Nineteen patients with symptomatic chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee who were treated with fresh osteochondral allografts between 1999 and 2002 were prospectiely followed. The mean age at the time of surgery was thirty-four years.

从1999到2002年随访了19位接受新鲜骨软骨同种异体骨治疗有症状的膝关节软骨和骨软骨病变的病人，手术时的平均年龄为34岁。

Methods Autologous BMMSC of New Zealand rabbits were acquired and induced into chondrogenic differentiation by adding transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), dexamethasane and ascorbic acid in vitro. Then the chondrocytes were implanted onto novel polymeric scaffolds made by Poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) embedding with chitosan nonwoven cloth. The tissue engineering cartilaginous grafts composed of chondrogenetic BMMSC/scaffolds were finally transplanted into the defects of ear cartilage in rabbits of the experimental group.

取新西兰大白兔BMMSC体外培养扩增，以含转化生长因子(TGF-β1)、地塞米松和维生素C的培养液做诱导培养，实验组以诱导后的软骨细胞与聚丙交酯－乙交酯共聚物Poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)包埋甲壳胺无纺布的新型支架形成复合物修复兔自体耳廓软骨缺损；对照组以PLGA/甲壳胺无纺布支架修复兔耳廓软骨缺损。

Methods Chondrocytes were obtained from the costicartilage of rat and were cultured on the porous HA blocks, 3 mm×3 mm×4 mm size, for three and seven days. Scanning electron micrograph was taken to show whether the cells grew outside and inside the pore of HA block. The cells cultured on tiny glass sheet for 2 days were used to prove where the cells come from by in situ hybridization technique with α1cDNA probe.

采取成年雄性SD大鼠肋软骨细胞，以3 mm×3 mm×4 mm大小的块状多孔HA为载体培养软骨细胞；培养3天和7天后通过扫描电镜观察HA表面和中矢横断面孔隙中有无细胞生长，同时将培养2天的细胞爬片以α1cDNA片段为探针进行原位杂交，求证培养的细胞是否软骨细胞。

AIM: To establish the methods for rat costochondral growth plate chondrocyte separation and culture and investigate their biological features, thereby provide experimental bases for studying the regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation.

目的：建立大鼠肋生长板软骨细胞分离、培养的方法，探讨其生物学特性，为软骨细胞增殖分化的调控和软骨组织工程修复的研究建立实验基础。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。