软骨形成

After adjusting the upper angle of helix, protracting crus of helix, and repairing auricular tubercle, antitragus and defects, the frameworks of helix and antihelix were cohered to form the cartilage framework.

通过拼接矫正耳轮上角及延长耳轮脚，点补形成耳轮结节、对耳屏及修整欠缺处，然后，耳轮与对耳轮支架进行粘合，形成胶合软骨支架。

The amino acid sequence of human noggin is highly homologous to that of Xenopus , rat and mouse .

它涉及许多的发育过程，如神经管的形成和关节软骨的形成。

In the experimental group, cortex and medullary cavity partly had shaped with little cartilage cells.

实验组中可见有皮质形成，部分髓腔已形成，无明显团聚的软骨细胞。

The250gL-1 hydrogel was applied in tissue engineering;4weeks after injection,the hard nubble was formed subcutaneously and immatural cartilage was observed.8weeks after injection matural catilage was observed.12weeks after injection the amount of matural cartilage increased.

此水凝胶用于软骨组织工程，注射后4wk在皮下形成稍硬的结节。8wk后形成的结节质地坚韧，切面色泽亮白。

Complex syndactyly refers to fingers joined by bone or cartilaginous union, usually in a side-to-side fashion at the distal phalanges.

复合并指畸形表明手指由骨或软骨连接，通常形成在指末端形成并排形式。

In SMC group, relative stable of the both ends of fracture reduce unnessary repeated stimulation of injury, and at same time, axio-stress advantageous for preosteoblast and mesenchymal cell transmit to osteoblast and chondroblast. Material and design superiority of SMC form unique internal mechanical environment, and which benefit for bone healing. The study took deep investigation of SMC on fracture healing.

上述结果证实：SMC内固定可对骨折端施加主动的、持续的轴向应力刺激，形成沿长骨骨干轴向的成骨导向力值，配合环抱翼的把持作用，形成了区别于CP、IN的独特的稳定、有效的机械内环境，骨折端的相对稳定减少了不必要的损伤再刺激，同时持续轴向应力有利于成骨祖细胞、间充质细胞向成骨细胞和成软骨细胞转化、促进了成骨诱导过程的发生与发展，加快了骨折愈合的修复与重建。

RESULTS: Four weeks following repair, CT showed that callus formation appeared in coronal skull defects. 3D reconstruction still demonstrated some defects. Hematoxylin and eosin staining displayed defects were fibrous connective tissue, with the presence of chondroid tissues.

结果：修复后4周，冠状位CT显示颅骨缺损区可见骨痂形成，三维重建仍显示有缺损；标本苏木精-伊红染色显示缺损为纤维结缔组织，并有软骨样组织形成，Mallory三色染色标本呈淡蓝色。

Mallory trichrism staining exhibited light blue samples. Eight weeks following repair, CT showed round blunt defect edges in the coronal position, which had bony pustute connection with gel materials. Density at the defect region significantly increased. 3D reconstruction suggested that defects became small. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, abundant fibrous connective tissue appeared in defect regions, with bony tissues. Mallory trichrism staining revealed that maroon mature bone tissues were found, surrounded by light blue chondroid tissues. Twelve weeks following repair, coronal defect regions were filled with callus. 3D reconstruction showed that defects were repaired. Defect region and surrounding bony tissues had bony connection, with thick bone trabecula and mature Haversian system.

修复后8周，冠状位CT显示缺损边缘圆钝，与凝胶材料有骨性突起连接，缺损处密度增高明显，三维重建显示缺损范围较之前有所减小；标本苏木精－伊红染色后缺损部可见大量含血管成分的纤维结缔组织，有骨样组织结构形成，Mallory三色染色显示有褐红色成熟骨组织形成，其旁边有淡蓝色软骨样组织修复后12周，冠状位CT显示缺损区基本被骨痂填满，三维重建示缺损基本修复；缺损区域和周围骨组织形成骨性结合，骨小梁粗大，哈弗氏系统成熟。

Fig 1 At the experimental side, two weeks after operation (HE ×100) Many pieces of cartilage cells and spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells were found, by light microscope Fig 2 At the experimental side, twelve weeks after operation (HE ×100) Medullary cavity had formed, which contained hemoblasts and adipocytes, but the trabculae was not typical, by light microscope Fig 3 At the experimental side, twenty-four weeks after operation (HE ×100) The typical cancellous bone had formed, by light microscope Fig 4 At the control side, twenty-four weeks after operation (HE ×100) A large part of CXB was degraded, resorbed and replaced by fibrous tissue, but there was'not any new formed bone, by light mocroscope

图1 实验侧术后2周(HE ×100)镜下可见很多软骨细胞条索和团块生成及大量梭形间充质细胞图2 实验侧术后12周(HE ×100)镜下可见有髓腔形成，内含有造血和脂肪细胞，骨小梁尚不典型图3 实验侧术后24周(HE ×100)镜下可见形成典型的松质骨结构图4 对照侧术后24周(HE ×100)镜下可见大部分CXB被降解吸收，为纤维组织替代，无新骨形成

Generally, the hearing did not recovery to an availabel level in patients either with silastic film or cartilage slice implants.

再次手术取出植入物时发现，硅片常被包裹在纤维结缔组织形成的包囊中，其周围仍有广泛粘连；同种异体软骨片植入者一般无这种包囊，周围粘连亦较轻，但无论是硅片还是软骨片植入或其它方法手术，它们的术后听力一般都达不到应用水平，其远期疗效更差。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。