软骨内的

Modified arytenoid adduction is an effective medialization technique that can restore satisfactory speech and prevent aspiration in patients with UVFP.

改良杓状软骨内收术是一种治疗单侧声带麻痹有效的声带内移术，既可恢复良好的发声功能，又可缓解误吸。

They can also arise in endochondral bone; or primitive mesenchymal cells in the brain, meninges, membranous bone, or soft tissue.

它们可以起源于软骨内骨、或者脑内的间充质细胞、脑膜、膜内成骨或者软组织。

The particular adantage of the en bloc, as opposed to intralesional, resection of cartilaginous tumors is that this reduces the likelihood of local contamination, which in turn stands to decrease the risk of local recurrence Howeer, the cartilaginous cap is more difficult to excise completely if the tumor protrudes into the neural foramens or spinal canal, as it did in our patient.

切除带软骨成分的肿瘤时，整块切除相对囊内切除的突出优点是：减少了局部污染可能，继而减小了局部复发的风险。如果肿瘤突入椎管或神经孔时，彻底切除软骨帽则会更加困难，本病例就是这样。

Objective To study the feasibility of engineering auricled neocartilage with chitosan/polylacticacid-polycrylactone network scaffolds and to search the difference between dynamic and silent chondrocytal culture techniques.

目的 探讨采用表面修饰过的壳聚糖聚乳酸(polylacticacid ，PLA)聚乙内酯(polycrylactone ，PCL)及牛跟腱胶原海绵作为支架培养组织工程化耳廓软骨的可行性，比较动态与静态两种不同培养方法对软骨生长的影响。

DATA SYNTHESIS: Compared with the control group, VEGF can promote osteogenesis, bone formation and remodeling through the effect of VEGF on endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification.

资料综合：与对照组相比，VEGF能通过对软骨内成骨、膜内成骨的影响促进骨的发生、形成和改建。

RESULTS: The relative levels of COX2 mRNA as well as the contents of PGE2 and cAMP were elevated after fracture, and were significantly higher in study group than those in control group at 3 and 4 weeks postoperatively. Histological observation revealed that the mineralization of cartilage matrix, the endochondral bone formation and the callus remodelling took place earlier in study group.

结果：环氧化酶2(COX2) mRNA的表达量以及PGE2和cAMP的含量均较骨折前显著上升，且实验组在术后3~4 wk时以上指标明显高于对照组，组织学结果则显示实验组骨折间隙内软骨内成骨和编织骨向板层骨的改建均领先于对照组。

Bones undergoing either intramembranous or endochondral ossification are continually remodeled from the time that initial calcification occurs until the final structure appears.

骨通过膜内骨化或软骨内骨化而不断的得以重塑，直至最后结构的形成。

These models were evaluated with MR imaging and examined biologically and histologically at different time.

实验结果表明，软骨内蛋白多糖的降解，在MRI上表现为软骨厚度的变薄和MR信号的降低，两者具有相关性。

The histopathologic changes included lymphocyte and monocyte infiltration,hyperplasia of synovial cells and small vessels,interstitial fibrosis,hyaline degeneration and cartilaginous metaplasia.The immunohistochemical observations showed that the high expressions of IL-1 and IL-6 were significantly different between the pathologic plicae and the control groups（P＜0.01）.The positive expressions of IL-1 and IL-6 were the synovial cells and monocyt-lymph cells in the pathologic synovial plicae.The positive expressions of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 have significant difference between the experiment and control group（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）.The expression of MMP-1 was positive in synovial lining cell,monocyte,fibroblast,endothelial cell in small vessel and chondrocyte.The TIMP-1 expression was detected in the synovial lining cells and a small quantity fibroblast.

结果 正常滑膜皱襞和病理性滑膜皱襞在滑膜细胞增生及小血管增生、间质纤维化及玻璃样变、软骨化生组织学改变方面，差异均有显著性（P＜0.01）；IL-1、IL-6在病理性滑膜皱襞内的增生滑膜细胞、单核及淋巴细胞和在正常滑膜皱襞内的表达差异均有显著性（P＜0.01）； MMP-1、TIMP-1在病理性滑膜皱襞和正常皱襞内的阳性表达，差异具有显著性（P＜0.01，P＜0.05），MMP-1在增生滑膜衬里层细胞、单核和纤维母细胞、血管内皮细胞和软骨化生的软骨细胞呈阳性表达；TIMP-1只在滑膜衬里层细胞和少量纤维母细胞有表达。

Serveral surgical techniques have been employed in the treatment of glottic incompetence caused by unilateral vocal fold paralysis. These include intracordal Teflon injection, thyroplasty, arytenoids adduction and nerve reinnervation. Both Teflon injection and thyroplasty are popular.

对於单侧性声炎麻痹所引起的声门闭锁不全，过去使用的治疗方法包括：声带内Teflon注射、甲状软骨整形术、杓状软骨内转术及神经再支配等方法。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。