软骨内的

Disc cell mainly consist of chondrocytes, PTHrP-Ihh negative feedback mechanism can modulate differentiation and maturation of chondrcytes during endocartilage ossification in epiphysis of long shaft bone, but its effect on vertebral development is still unknown.

椎间盘细胞主要由软骨细胞样细胞组成，PTHrP和Ihh形成的负反馈机制在长管骨软骨内骨化过程中对软骨细胞分化和成熟具有调节作用，在椎体和椎间盘的发育过程中的作用仍未阐明。

ITS inductive system is effective in encouraging the maturity and terminal differentiation of chondrocytes.

ITS诱导体系有效地促进了软骨细胞成熟及终末分化，较成功模拟了软骨内成骨的软骨发育过程。

Radiographs allowed preoperative assessment of the degree to which varus or valgus angular deformity was correctible. the accuracies of the cartilage defects, which were noyes ⅱb,ⅲa,ⅲb, measured by mr imaging were 66.7%, 75% and 65.5%. but mri can not predict if the preoperative varus/valgus deformities were correctible.

结果］摄片组误差主要发生在对oa较少累及间室及较浅表的软骨缺损情况进行判定时，能够鉴别膝内/外翻崎形能否被动矫正。mri判断noyes ⅱb，ⅲa，ⅲb软骨缺损的准确率分别为66.7%， 75%和 65.5%，但不能判定膝内/外翻崎形能否被动矫正。

Hypertrophic chondrocytes, which are the terminally differentiated form of chondrocytes, play a key role in endochondral ossification.

肥大软骨细胞是软骨细胞的终末分化形式，在软骨内成骨过程中发挥十分关键的作用。

Results (1) Primary callus came into being 3 days after operation. Mesenchymal cells from peripheral tissues around the primary callus were differentiated into chondrocytes 1 week later. Endochondral ossification was going on then. Bridging callus was formed in the fracture sites 4 weeks after operation.

结果 (1)伤后3 d开始形成原始骨痂。1周时肉芽组织中的间质细胞开始分化为软骨细胞，软骨形成后再进行软骨内化骨。4周时形成连接骨折端的桥接骨痂。

Hemarthrosis and laceration of the disc and the attachment were also observed. 7 days later, the hemarthrosis was seldomly seen. Effusion was seen in some joints at 2 weeks. At 1 month posttrauma, the severely damaged structure of the two joints in one animal was found. We could find the loss of the disc and the cartilage of the condyle. Effusion also existed.

伤后1月，可见有一侧关节盘完全破坏，髁突软骨层消失，关节腔内渗出；对侧关节结构紊乱，关节盘及髁突明显变形、不规则等变化。3月后，多数关节结构基本正常，但关节内的破坏性改变仍然存在，关节内可见较明显的裂隙或囊状改变，软骨组织变薄，关节盘松解，关节腔扩张等变化。

Results In all the animals injected with TGF-β, condrogenesis and osteogenesis were found under the periosteum and both intramembranous and endochondral osteogenesis were observed. The effect of impure TGF-β on osteogenesis took place at an earlier phase than that of pure TGF-β.

结果 注射TGF-β组动物股骨骨膜下皆可见新生软骨和骨组织，存在膜内成骨和软骨内成骨两种成骨方式，TGF-β粗提品组在成骨过程的时相上早于TGF-β纯品组。

During operation, an intranasal and marginal combining incision was made to expl ore the alar cartilages and to from a mucosal-cartilage flap in the nasal vest ibule. After the deformity of septal cartilage and the abnormalities of the alar base on the cleft side were repaired, the total alar cartilage was repositioned and rotated with suspension and V-Y advancement to correct the nasal deformiti es. Results Since 1993, a total of 92 cases were treated by the above p rocedure and satisfactory results were obtained.

手术经鼻端和患侧前庭联合切口，解剖、显露双侧鼻翼软骨，同时形成患侧前庭粘膜软骨瓣；在纠正鼻中隔软骨偏曲，松解患侧鼻肌复合体起点，使鼻翼脚无张力抬高后，再通过悬吊技术和粘膜软骨瓣的V-Y推进，将患侧鼻翼软骨进行整体旋转复位；最后，应用口轮匝肌上部纤维内收抬高鼻翼脚，用鼻肌复合体起点复位调整鼻孔形态，完成鼻畸形的矫正。

Most studies relating to the expression of MMPs and TIMPs in cartilage were conducted at different stages of osteoarthrosis, their expression in condylar cartilage during functional mandibular advancement are nowhere reported.

目前关于MMPs和TIMPs在软骨内表达的研究主要集中在骨关节病方面，尚未见功能矫形治疗中髁突软骨内MMPs和TIMPs表达的研究。

The CBFA1 knockout mice showed no osteogenesis and had maturational disturbance of chondrocytes.

CBFA1基因敲除的小鼠缺乏膜内和软骨内成骨，软骨的成熟及分化也受到了严重干扰。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。