软化作用

In summer,when ice and snow melt, water pressure, softening and mudding make strengthen of rock mass decrease.

一方面，本区冻融作用十分强烈，在冬季由于岩体节理裂隙中水冻结而膨胀，对岩体产生膨胀力，在夏季，冰雪融化后，水的压力及软化泥化作用使岩体强度降低。

The geological and geophysical data show that in the lower crust of young continental tectonic units may occur pervasive, non-seismic, subhorizontal and ductile flow related to thermal softening. The laminar flow drives fault-block movement of the upper crust, results in the formation of orogenic belts and sedimentary basins, and causes coupling between ductile lower crust and brittle upper crust/mantle.

大量的地质和地球物理资料表明，年轻的大陆构造活动区的下地壳可能因热软化而出现透入性非地震式顺层韧性流动，这种下地壳层流作用驱动大陆上地壳发生地震式脆性断块运动，形成盆山格局，发生圈层耦合。

Moisturizer is one of the most effective and versatile cosmetics on the market. Depending on its ingredients, it can soften and soothe the skin on your face, body and hands, while also protecting it from the sun and camouflaging its imperfections.

保湿护肤品是市面上品种繁多化妆品中最有功效的一种，根据它的成分不同，它能软化和舒缓脸上，身上和手上的皮肤，同时也有防晒和掩饰皮肤瑕疵的作用。

Experiment results show that though the grains of the heat-affected zone are seriously coarsened due to the effect of welding thermal cycle, there is no softened zone and the strength of the welded joint doesn′t decrease because the transformed microstructure is different from the original one.

结果表明：经过焊接热循环的作用，虽然热影响区的晶粒明显粗化，但由于所获得的二次组织形态与钢筋原始组织不同，热影响区未发生软化，也不存在焊接接头强度下降的问题。

Experiment results show that though the grains of the heat-affected zone were seriously coarsened due to the effect of welding thermal cycle, there is no softened zone and the strength of the welded joint doesn't decrease because the transformed microstructure is different from the original microstructure of the rebar.

结果表明：经过焊接热循环的作用，虽然热影响区晶粒明显粗化，但由于所获得的二次组织形态与钢筋原始组织不同，热影响区不发生软化，也不存在焊接接头强度下降问题。

Three types of base asphalt and six SBS were used to produce SBS modified asphalt. The interaction of SBS modified asphalt was discussed in different states between the base asphalt and SBS based on their compositions. Through the traditional tests, such as penetration, soften point and ductility, and US SHRP tests, the results indicated that influences to affect the temperature susceptibility, high and low temperature performance, aging characteristics are base asphalt, SBS types and their dosages. The functions of penetration to viscosity and complex shear modulus G~* to complex dynamic shear viscosity η~* were set up, and then theviscosity-temperature susceptibility of wide temperature span and the calculation method of low temperature viscosity were obtained."Process" evaluation criterions, high grading critical temperature T_ and low grading criticaltemperature T_ , were suggested according to the high and low temperatureperformances of SBS modified asphalt. Using the experience of Repeated Creep and Recovery Test for Binders, a new high-temperature evaluation index,modification rutting factor G~*~(-9) was obtained. The results after RTFO and PAV aging indicated that traditional tests didnt differentiate base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, but dynamic mechanics temperature spectrum and G*-5 black chart clearly reflected the influence of aging to the SBS modified asphalt. With the IR and GPC tests, the reason of aging to the SBS modified asphalt were due to asphalt phase oxygenated and SBS phase depredated.

论文选择3种油源的基质沥青和6种SBS改性剂制备改性沥青，通过分析基质沥青和SBS改性剂的组成结构特点，得出了不同状态下SBS改性沥青的SBS与基质沥青的相互作用机理；通过针入度、软化点、延度等常规试验以及美国SHRP试验，分析了基质沥青、SBS改性剂类型与剂量对SBS改性沥青的温度敏感性、高低温特性及老化特性的影响；建立了针入度-粘度、复数模量G~*-复数粘度η~*的换算关系，得出了宽温度域的粘温指数VTS和较低温度下粘度的计算方法；通过高低温性能分析提出了&过程&评价参数高温等级温度T_和低温等级温度T_；借鉴重复恢复与蠕变试验研究成果，得到了SBS改性沥青高温评价指标改进型抗车辙因子G~*~(-9)；RTFO和PAV老化后的性能试验结果表明，常规试验难以区分SBS改性沥青与基质沥青的差异，而动态力学温度谱、G~*-δ黑斑图可以反映老化作用对SBS改性沥青的影响，且通过IR试验和GPC试验得出SBS改性沥青老化是沥青相的氧化和SBS的降解共同引起的；通过不同温度下SBS改性沥青混合料的旋转压实SGC试验，根据粘度与剪变率的关系，提出用剪变率60(1／s)测试SBS改性沥青的粘温曲线，并按照0.17±0.02Pa.s和0.28±0.03Pa.s确定施工温度。

Through the comparison of different conditions in multi-angle repeated test, we observe the disaccording path of risk preferences. The main content of this thesis are as follows. Firstly, we design 2 sessions of experiments to find the impact of the softening budget constraint and the form of endowment on the risk preference. Besides, this thesis also includes several experimental comparative studies, focusing on the dynamical inconsistency of risk preference as well as its drifting path.

主要包括：首先设置预算软约束与风险偏好基础实验，考察影响投资者决策的主要因素，观测预算约束的软化和初始禀赋形式，对投资者预期及风险偏好的影响；其次，设置多期平面投资下的风险偏好实验，考察风险偏好是否存在着动态不一致现象，以及不同被试者的风险偏好漂移路径；最后，设置动态追加投资下的风险偏好实验，观测沉没成本、及与预算软约束的双重作用对风险偏好动态变化的影响。

In sealing station, ampoules are heated through mixed LNG and oxygen burning gas, and rotate itself under action of rolling wheel. Top of ampoule is intenerated by further heating, and sealed by sealing clamp.

在拉丝封口工位，安瓿瓶被火嘴吹出的液化气与氧气的混合燃烧气体加热，同时在滚轮的作用下产生自旋运动，安瓿顶部进一步受热软化被拉丝钳拉丝封口。

By adopting strain intenerated model and using numerical calculation of FLAC(Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continue), deformation and destruction course under pick cutting is researched, different parameters' great influence on plasticity district, max displacement, max main stress and max shearing stress under the various kinds of operating modes is analyzed.

采用应变软化的模型，使用连续介质快速拉格朗日分析法(FLAC，FastLagrangianAnaly-sisofContinue)进行数值模拟计算；研究截齿截割作用下煤体变形破坏过程；分析各种工况下不同参数对煤体塑性区、最大位移、最大主应力、最大剪应力的影响。

In the condition of big practical extruded 6005A alloy welded joint, the softing degree of mentioned above soft zone obviously decreases, attributed to that there is a reinforce rib which have obvious heat scatting action, and then decreases the temperature increasing during welding.

对进口的6005A大型多孔铝型材焊接接头进行分析，发现焊接接头上软化区硬度降低的程度明显较小，这是由于实际的多孔型材在该部位设置有加强筋，加强筋有显著的散热作用，降低了焊接过程中该部位的温升。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。