轭

After this, the values of m-th Gauss sums have been determined for small m(= 3,4,···, 12) by using arithmetic properties of cyclotomic fields Q- Recently the formulas of Gauss sums are determined in "self-conjugate" and "index 2" cases in which the Gauss sums belongs to the rational number field and certain imaginary quadratic field respectively.

继高斯之后，人们用代数数论对于m较小情形计算出m次高斯和。近年来，人们对于&自共轭&情形和&指数2&情形算出高斯和。对于这两种情形，高斯和的值分别属于有理数域和虚二次域。

Influences of shear dilatancy on shear band patterns and entire deformational characteristics of the specimen are investigated numerically.

分析表明，增加剪胀角使岩样由单一向共轭剪切破坏转变，并使接近Arthur倾角的剪切带倾角增加。

Mathematic models of conjugate curves were deduced via enveloping theory and dentiform normal method.

并用齿型法线法和包络原理推导出共轭曲线数学模型。

Exceptionally large nonlinear optical response in C60 had been reported, and diacetylene complexes have the large NLO suspceptibilities, so the novel idea of introducing diacetylene to C60 to improve the NLO suspceptibilities was supposed.

富勒烯具有优良的非线性光学性能，共轭双炔类有机分子有较大非线性光学系数，将C60与双炔类化合物结合在一起设计非线性光学材料是一个有意义的设想。

The organoboron compounds in this paper are based on triarylboranes, boronic acids and boronic esters. The structure-property relationship and sensing mechanism are elucidated. Organoboron compounds as Lewis acid can be used as fluoride probe with high sensitivity and selectivity because they have a unique LUMO in which the π-conjugation is divergently extended through the vacant p-orbital of the boron atom. The complexation of the boron π-electron systems with fluoride ion would interrupt the π-conjugation extended through the boron atom, causing the change of photophysical properties.

介绍了基于三芳基硼化合物、硼酸和硼酸酯的有机硼化合物在氟离子检测中的应用，评述了这些化合物的结构和检测性能之间的关系，讨论了检测机理，即有机硼化合物中硼原子空的p轨道使其作为路易斯酸能够选择性地结合氟离子，硼原子与氟离子的结合破坏了硼中心与芳香取代基的p-π共轭，引起有机硼化合物光物理性质的变化，从而实现对氟离子的高选择性检测。

The results showed that α-eleostearic acid showed weaker cytotoxicity than three groups of triacylglycerols for KB, Bel-7402, SGC-7901 cell lines.

结果发现α-桐酸对KB、Bel-7402和SGC-7901细胞的毒性明显弱于3组含共轭亚麻酸的甘油三酯。

The cytotoxic effects of three groups of triacylglycerols containing conjugated linolenic acid which were isolated from tung oil by NARP-HPLC on five human tumor cell lines including ECA-109, SGC-7901, Bel-7402, LS-174-T, KB, and human normal cell line L02 were investigated, and α-eleostearic acid with a purity of 96% was used as control.

以纯度为96%的α-桐酸作为对照，考察了从桐油中经NARP-HPLC分离得到的3组含共轭亚麻酸的甘油三酯对人体肿瘤细胞株ECA-109、SGC-7901、Bel-7402、LS-174-T、KB和正常细胞株L02的细胞毒性。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

When equimolecular ratio of the reactants was used, the addition products were 1-phenyl-2-phenylthiopropene-1and 1-phenyl-2-phenylthiobutene-1, respectively.

这加成反应是按自由基机理进行，苯硫基联结在与烷基相邻的碳原子表明中间生成的自由基之稳定性是加成方向的决定因素，因为苯基的共轭效应比烷基为强。

Two novel A-π-A′ type benzothiazole-based derivatives with benzothiazolyl,phenyl-acetyl or pyridine cation groups as π electron acceptor,diethenylphenyl as π conjugated bridge: 4-(2-benzothiazolyl)ethenylchalcone(1) and 4-{4-[2-(benzothiazole-2-yl)ethenyl]styryl}-N-methylpyridinium iodide(2) were synthesized.

以苯并噻唑、苯乙酰基和吡啶阳离子为电子受体，二乙烯基苯为共轭桥，合成了两个新的A-π-A′型苯并噻唑衍生物：4-(2-苯并噻唑)-乙烯基查尔酮(1)和4-{4-[2-乙烯基]苯乙烯基}-N-甲基吡啶碘盐(2)。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！