转移性的

Objective To study the changes of chemokine receptor 5 in breast cancer and metastatic axillary nodes.

目的 探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌及其腋窝转移淋巴结组织中趋化因子受体5的表达变化与腋窝淋巴结转移的关系。

We use the transitional probability of two states nonhomogeneous continuous time Markov chain to build the novel transitional model. When we extend the simple model to more complicated ones such as nonhomogeneous Poisson process, we can extend the homogeneous continuous time Markov chain to nonhomogeneous one at the same time.

我们用二状态非齐性连续时间马可夫鍊的转移机率来建构新的递移模型，当将简单的模型扩展到复杂的模型，例如N服从非齐性不瓦松过程，同时，可以从齐一性连续时间马可夫鍊延伸到非齐性连续时间马可夫鍊。

BackgroundBreast cancer bone metastasis which occupy 70% of the distant metastasis is one of the most common clinical disease. It can cause hypercalcemia, focal baryodynia, pathologic fracture and so on.

乳腺癌骨转移占乳腺癌远处转移的70%，是临床上一种常见的严重疾病，可引起高血钙症、局灶性剧痛及病理性骨折。

We report on a 48-year-old man with ureteral stump and bladder metastases of papillary renal cell carcinoma 3 years after undergoing a radical nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy for a right renal tumor histologically proven to be papillary renal cell carcinoma.

我们报告一个48岁的病人在3年前因为乳突性肾脏肾细胞癌接受根除性肾脏切除手术和部份输尿管切除手术并发乳突性肾脏肾细胞癌转移到残余输尿管和膀胱的现象。

AIM: To determine the distribution and frequency of functionally important allelic variants in the cytochromes P450 2C19, arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), and thiopurine S-methyltransferase genes in the Han Chinese population and compare them with those of other ethnic populations.

目的： 了解细胞色素P450(cytochromes P450，CYP)2C19，N-乙酰基转移酶2(arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2，NAT2)和硫嘌呤甲基转移酶(thiopurine S-methyltransferase，TPMT)基因常见的遗传多态性在河南地区汉族人群中的分布及其频率。

It is shown that (1 )the metastatic foci in the cerebellar hemisphere manifested cystiform ring of low density and contrast enhanced band

该文通过对54例幕下转移瘤病灶的分析，认为：小脑半球的转移思 CT表现为囊性低密区环和高密度强化带

To reveal chemokines mediating the celiac metastasis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma by way of investigating the chemokine receptor expressions in serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell lines and tissues, and the corresponding ligand expressions in membrana abdominis.

本研究通过分析浆液性上皮性卵巢癌细胞系和组织趋化因子受体的表达，及腹膜间皮细胞相应配体的表达，以揭示趋化因子介导上皮性卵巢癌腹腔内转移机制。

TyPe II collagen induced arthritisln the rat ank1e joint andoVathumin as antigen induced arthritis WA in the rabbit knee joint wereestab1ish2 Qualitative evaluation of me in skin, muscle, synovium, cedilagearound joint and blood was performed by OMA3 The CIA rats were treated on day 7 after hind paw swelling and erythemaAnimals were injected intravenously with ase at a dose of 10mg/kg,tWenty minuots 1ater, one ankle of the rats random1y assigned was exPosedlaser irradiation at l00J/cm fOr l000 seconds, and another ankle wasM grouP wihout laser The other two groups is unmanipulatedcontrol group and untreated CIA group Bimaleolar ankle widthmeasuremellts were taken in all animals every tWo days using amicrometer The histopathology of the ank1e Joint was assessed at day 21after disease onset4 The pro1iferating cell nuclear antigen WCNA of CIA treated by PDT andthe HMME group without laser was doterdrined by immunohistochemiStry5 The AfA rabbits were treated on day 7 after knee swelling and erythemaThe theraPy invo1ved lntravenous injection of l0mg/kg HMME, fOl1owedby 20 minues period in dim light, and transdermal light treatment with\l00 J/cm2 fOr l000 seconds The inner sides of the treated Anees wereirradiated at first, and then the outer side did 24 hours later, the synovialtissue of the Anees joint were removed and in situ cel1 aPoptosis wasdetCCted With tednal deoxync1eotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labelingR6suIt8:l The pathologic changes of CIA and AIA include subsynovial inflammation,opovial hyPerplasia, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destructionresemble RA.2 The studies demonstrated that there are different uptake of HMME withinskin, muscle, synovium, cartilage and b1ood, and the synovium cou1draPidly uPtake more ase than skin and cartilage at the firSt 30 minuesaller intravenous injection of HMME3 The bimaleolar anke width had no different among PDT treated group,H group withollt 1aser and untreated CIA group But hlstologicalevaluation showed statiStical1y significallt reductions in synovialhyperplasia, pannus formation and cart1lage reosion, bone destruction andtotal score in PDT treated group4 Image analysis showed that the ratlo bforeen the areas of the coufltedobect to that of the entire area in PDTtreated grOup is lower than that in conirol group, but the integrated oPticaldensity had no different between the two groups5 Imape analysis showed that the ratio between the area of the countedobject to that of the e

治疗组在大鼠出现踝关节红肿后1周，炎症达到高峰时进行PDT治疗。随机治疗大鼠一侧的踝关节，另。2。一一侧作单纯HMME 对照。治疗方法是大鼠麻醉后尾静脉注入 HMME10ngkg，20分钟后踝关节照光，激光波长627.sum，功率密度 100mwcm'，照射时间1000秒，能量密度100）／。治疗后避光喂养72 小时。隔日一次测量大鼠的踝关节左右横径，治疗后两周取关节进行病理d 观察。 4。大鼠CIA模型用上述方法进行PDT治疗后，治疗组和单纯HMME 组用兔疫组化SP法检测石蜡切片的核增殖抗原。 5。兔AIA模型在关节炎出现第七天进行PDT治疗，随机治疗一侧膝关节，另一侧作自身对照。兔耳静脉注入I'arrainrelomg／Kg，20分钟后，膝关节用金蒸气激光照射，激光能量密度100）儿旷。24 ／J'时后取膝关节滑膜作病理检查，并用脱氧核昔酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法原位检测凋亡细胞。结果： 1。模型观察：CIA大鼠炎症高峰期滑膜下炎细胞浸润明显，滑膜细胞明显增殖，炎症达到高峰后二周，血管缀形成，并侵蚀和破坏软骨和骨， CIA模型病理改变与人类RA相似。兔AIA模型膝关节滑膜病理可见滑膜细胞增生，滑膜下炎细胞浸润，也与人类RA滑膜改变相似。 2。关节周围组织中光敏剂含量的测定结果表明，各组织对HMME 的吸收速度和吸收量不同，荧光值一时间曲线不同，滑膜组织比皮肤和软骨对 HMME的吸收多，在 2 0分钟时即有明显差异。 3.PDT对CIA模型的治疗结果表明：PDT治疗后关节炎组、单纯 HMME组和治疗组踝关节左右横径统计学检验差异没有显著性，但病理评分PDT治疗组滑膜增生、血管资形成及软骨破坏、骨破坏和总分比关节炎对照组和HMME对照组好，统计学检验差异有显著性。。3＿军医进修学院硕士学位论文中文摘要 4.PDT治疗组PCNA阳性细胞较对照组少，图像分析结果表明面密度（阳性染色的面积总和与统计视野面积的比值）治疗组小于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。。 5.PDT治疗组凋亡阳性细胞较对照组明显增多，图像分析结果单位视野内阳性细胞数和面密度PDT治疗组高于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。凋亡细胞核直径PDT治疗组较小，与对照组相比，统计学检验差异有显著性。结论：二。CIA、AIA的病理改变类似人类RA，可作为研究RA病因、发病机制、检查及治疗方法的模型。 2。各组织对HMME的吸收速度和吸收量不同，滑膜组织比皮。

Results 5 cases of ependymocytoma, 3 cases of astrocytoma, 1 medulloblastoma hemangioblastoma in 10 cases of intra-medullary tumor; 36 cases of neurogenic tumor, 11 cases of spinal meningioma in 47 cases of subdural extramedullary tumor; 2 cases of neurogenic tumor strided over scleromeninx;2 cases of extradural metastatic tumor, 1 cestodiasis, 2 cases of epidural hematoma, which were mistaken for hemangioma before surgical operation and 1 vascular malformation in 4 cases of intraspinal nontumorous occupying lesion.

结果：10例髓内肿瘤中，室管膜瘤5例；星形细胞瘤3例；血管母细胞瘤1例；成神经管细胞瘤1例。47例脊髓外硬膜下肿瘤中，神经源性肿瘤36例；脊膜瘤11例。2例跨硬膜内外生长的神经源性肿瘤2例。硬膜外的转移瘤2例。4例椎管内非肿瘤性占位性病变中，椎管内绦虫病1例；硬膜外血肿2例，术前误为血管瘤；血管畸形1例。

One of the remarkable features of the malignant tumor in head and neck is its frequent occurence of cervical lym- ph node metastasis, even when no lymph node can be palpated.

头颈部恶性肿瘤的显著特征之一是其常常发生颈淋巴结转移，甚至在颈部触诊没有触及肿大的淋巴结时（即隐匿性颈淋巴结转移，Occult cervical lymph node metastasis）。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。