转环

Review articles only; calretinin; fovea centralis; macula lutea; ora serrata; photoreceptors; rods; cones; optic tract; optic nerve; visual cortex; color vision; photoreception; opsin; rhodopsin; guanine nucleotide-binding protein; G protein-coupled receptors; ion channels (cyclic GMP-gated); guanylate cyclase; cyclic GMP; dark adaptation; visual pigments; polyenes; 11-cis-retinal; vitamin A; chromophores; arrestin; recoverin; phosducin; transducin; bipolar cells; retinal ganglion cells; retinal progenitor cells; amacrine cells; Mueller cells; light; retinogenesis; ommatidia; optic vesicles; retinitis pigmentosa; blindness; macular degeneration; blind spot; Mach bands; electroretinograms; binocular vision; visual acuity; vision; retina

唯一综述；钙网膜蛋白；中央凹；黄斑；锯齿缘；光感受器；杆状细胞；圆锥细胞；视束；视神经；直观皮层；色视觉；光感受；视蛋白；视紫质；鸟苷酸-结合蛋白；G蛋白-电偶受体；离子通道；鸟苷酸环化酶；环鸟苷酸；暗适应；视色素；多烯；11 - cis -视网膜；抗干眼醇；发色团；抑制蛋白；恢复蛋白；phosducin；转导蛋白；双极细胞；视网膜神经节细胞；视网膜祖细胞；无长突细胞；米勒细胞；光；retinogenesis；小眼；视泡；色素性视网膜炎；盲的黄斑变性；盲点；马赫带；视网膜电流图；双目视觉

Calretinin; fovea centralis; macula lutea; ora serrata; photoreceptors; rods; cones; optic tract; optic nerve; visual cortex; color vision; photoreception; opsin; rhodopsin; guanine nucleotide-binding protein; G protein-coupled receptors; ion channels (cyclic GMP-gated); guanylate cyclase; cyclic GMP; dark adaptation; visual pigments; polyenes; 11-cis-retinal; vitamin A; chromophores; arrestin; recoverin; phosducin; transducin; bipolar cells; retinal ganglion cells; retinal progenitor cells; amacrine cells; Mueller cells; light; retinogenesis; ommatidia; optic vesicles; retinitis pigmentosa; blindness; macular degeneration; blind spot; Mach bands; electroretinograms; binocular vision; visual acuity; vision; retina

光感受；视蛋白；视紫质；鸟苷酸-结合蛋白；G蛋白-电偶受体；离子通道；鸟苷酸环化酶；环鸟苷酸；暗适应；视色素；多烯；11 - cis -视网膜的；抗干眼醇；发色团；抑制蛋白；恢复蛋白；phosducin；转导蛋白；双极细胞；视网膜神经节细胞；视网膜祖细胞；无长突细胞；米勒细胞；光；retinogenesis；小眼；视泡；色素性视网膜炎；盲的；黄斑变性；盲点；马赫带；视网膜电流图；双目视觉；视敏度；视觉；视网膜

In order to understand the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of PA and carvacrol, the superoxide dismutase, glutahoine reductase, glutahoine peroxidase activities in liver and malondialdehyde , cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α levels were eveluated. Also observed inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the pathological histology in λ-carrageenan induced paw edema in mice.

本研究首先以醋酸扭体试验评估左手香水抽提物及其活性成分香芹酚是否具有镇痛效果，以福马林舔足试验辨别其镇痛作用是在周边或是中枢，再以λ-角叉菜胶诱导小鼠足跖肿胀试验探讨其抗发炎作用，并分析其肝脏组织中的超氧歧化酶、麸胱甘肽还原酶、麸胱甘肽过氧化酶活性、发炎足跖组织中的脂质过氧化指标产物丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子-α及环氧化酶-2之含量变化，观察诱导型一氧化氮合成酶及环氧化酶-2之蛋白质表现量，并将肿胀足跖做病理切片观察之，以探讨左手香水抽提物及香芹酚之抗发炎机转。

For several years, large-scale steam turbo generator's rotor collector rings made in our country frequently suffer burning loss problems. Through the massive scene evidence collection and the research, the main reasons of the accident are comprehensively studied and induced. According to the reasons, pertinent measures are found, and have a good effect on preventing the burning loss of generator's collector ring and electric brush.

针对几年来国产大型汽轮发电机频繁发生转子集电环烧损问题进行了大量的现场取证和研究，对事故的主要原因进行了综合分析和归纳，在得出的结论中采取了有针对性的措施后，对预防发电机集电环及电刷烧损事故的发生起到了良好的效果。

To investigate the prevention of anti-apoptosis drugs (sodium ferulate, SF; schisandrin B, Sch B; flos chrysanthemi, FC; semem planagines, SP) on lens epithelial cell damaged by oxidative stress, and to study the changes of intracellular-free calcium, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanine monophosphate, in order to disclose the mechanism of signal transduction in cellular and molecular level.

目的 本研究旨在探讨细胞凋亡抑制剂阿魏酸钠、五味子乙素、菊花、车前子对氧化损伤的晶状体上皮细胞内Ca2+、环磷酸腺苷、环磷酸鸟苷的影响，从细胞信号转导角度揭示天然药物防治白内障的细胞和分子学机制。

From the view of torque controlling strategy, the relation between the torque controlling strategy such as the electric current feedback method、 PWM open loop method etc and the vehicle driving way is analyzed firstly, then the conclusion could be drawn that the PWM open loop method has more advantages than the electric current feedback method when they are both used in the same vehicle which is direct driving by hubcap motor. Secondly, based on the electric motor mathematic model and its experiment, a new permanent brushless dc motor phase electric current detector method in which a digital signal processor and single current sensor are used is introduced.

从转矩控制策略角度来看，分析了电流反馈法以及开环PWM电压调速控制方法与车辆的驱动方式关系，得出了电机驱动电压受限的情况下，无论是从对车辆的动力性能影响还是从对车辆的驱动要求来讲，开环PWM电压调速控制方法较电流反馈法更适用于以轮毂电机直接驱动方式的两轮电动车中；其次，根据电机的数学模型以及电机试验波形，提出了一种利用数字信号处理器以及单个电流传感器检测三相永磁无刷电机电枢电流的新方法，这种方法具有较强的适应性、实时性，它可以根据控制系统的要求，适时地提供所需电流数据，是目前许多文章关于无刷电机相电流平波的重要技术基础。

In the implementation of the DTC method, two hysteresis comparators are used to control the magnetic flux and torque, and the switching of the inverter is decided by a optimized switching table.

控制系统采用磁链及转矩滞环比较方法得到控制量，并通过查控制电压开关表选择最优电压空间矢量的方法实现对电机的直接转矩控制。

However, as a new drive technology, there are many problems and issues to be investigated and be solved in oil rig as a potential alternative to the conventional SCR, for example, energy consumption brake technol...

给出了现场试验结果并对转盘控制系统的工作特性进行了分析，现场试验结果表明：该转盘控制系统的矢量调速方案及转速环、转矩电流环的设计是可行的、正确的，能够满足钻井工艺的要求。

Other methyl nucleophiles includingMeMgBr, MeCeCl2, MeTiCl3, Me3Al, Me3ZnMgCl, MeMnClwere tried, but in all these cases no detectable amount of exo-C8-methylated product was obtained. Although protecting C3-carbonyl as 1,3-dioxolanes could be achieved, the serious enolization of C8-carbonyl was still problematic. Converting C9-furan ring to α,β-butenolide did depress the enolization, but desired C8-methylation was completely replaced by migration of the double bond of the butenolide.

在本论文的早期阶段，主要着眼于解决二环[3.2.1]-C8-羰基加成甲基所遇到的C9-呋喃环差向异构化和C3与C8两个羰基之间化学选择性的问题：通过引入不同金属降低甲基试剂的碱性并没有取得甲基化的成功；通过不同的方法将C3-羰基掩蔽，但是C8-羰基的烯醇化依然无法抑制；虽然通过将呋喃环转化为α，β-不饱和-γ-丁内酯可以抑制烯醇化，但内酯环上的双键迁移又成了新的竞争反应。

By comparing with known compound A2'P 5'A,it was shown that two ribose rings of a and b adopt predominantly S conformation at 18℃, but with elevation of temperature, the N conformation of some ribose ring increaed: the torsional angles e' and β of the phosphate backbone were estimated to have a change of +2° and ±12°respectively; two ribose rings of both A2'P(CH3)5'A and were partially overlapped and the degree of overlapping of was smaller than that of the : with increasing of temperature, the adenine moiety of A2'P(CH3)5'A showed a stronger tendency to unstack than A2'P(CH3)5'A .

它们与A2′P5′A相比发现：(1)在18℃时两个核糖环是S型构象占主要成分，但随温度升高有的核糖环趋向于转化成N型构象；(2)磷酸骨架的扭角ε′和β分别改变±2°及±12°；(3)A2′P(CH_3)5′A和的两个核糖环均属部分重叠，并且前者的重叠程度小于后者；(4)随着温度升高，A2′P(CH_3)5′A比A2′P(CH_3)5′A有着更强的去堆积效应。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。