转子

Core saturation and the rotor bar skin effects were directly taken into account in the field calculation. The adopted circuit equations are suitable for describing the stator windings and the special rotor-bar connections of BDFM. The waveform of supplied voltage source may be an arbitrary. Three-dimensional end effects were considered in the circuit parameter corrected by classical formulas. In addition, the coupling and constraint equations were used to handle rotor rotation without any process of remeshing.

其特点是：铁心饱和以及转子导条集肤效应可以直接在场的计算过程中加以考虑；采用的电路方程可以方便地处理无刷双馈电机定子绕组和转子端环的各种特殊连接方式，电压源可以是任意电压波型；三维端部效应可以通过传统的方法在电路参数中加以修正；采用耦合与约束方程来处理转子转动问题，而无须不断地对转子重新进行刨分。

On the basis of analyzing the lilnitations of the conventional flow equation for rotameter , ac-cording to principle of mechanical energy conservation and transform for real fluid, a new generalflow equation Q=for rotameter has been developed.This equation includes the rota-form factor β to reflect the influence of rota-form on flowmeasurement.

在分析转子流量计习用流量方程局限性的基础上，根据实际流体机械能守恒与转换原理，定义了反映转子形状特征对流量测定影响的转子几何形状因子β；经过推导，最终获得了转子流量计一种新的普遍流量方程Q＝。

This dissertation first puts forward the model of driving force transformation which the contact region of stator and rotor is divided into three relative sliding areas such as braking—driving—braking by means of research on vibration characteristics of USM stator surface points and micro driving course to rotor, this model can explain variation regularity of USM load characteristics, moreover, simplified calculation formula of rotor driving force concerned with stator teeth is set up.

本文通过对行波超声马达定子表面各点的振动特性和定子对转子微观驱动过程的研究，首次提出将定子和转子接触区划分为制动区—驱动区—制动区三个相对滑动区的驱动力转换模型，这一模型能够解释超声马达负载特性变化规律，并建立了计及定子齿的转子驱动力计算简化公式，该式能应用于多于两个定子齿驱动的转子驱动力计算。

According the forming condition of ordinary hypocycloid,when moving circle diameter is 2/3 of steady circle diameter,the 3-sharp cycloid is formed.

普通摆线泵的内转子齿廓是短幅外摆线的等距曲线，与其相啮合的外转子齿廓是圆弧，一般内转子为6个齿，外转子为7个齿。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

First the passivity of motor rotor flux subsystem is proved. Workless forces have no influence on the energy balance equation and have no effect on the asymptotic stability. Then it is discussed that the system can stably track the reference rotor flux without rotor flux observer. At last an adaptive PBC strategy is proposed with regard to the rotor resistance change. A clear and simple design for the speed control subsystem with inner current loops is presented.

证明了感应电机转子磁链子系统的无源性，找到系统能量耗散特性方程中的无功力，它不会影响系统的稳定性，得出无需转子磁链观测反馈即能稳定跟踪转子磁链的参考值，同时考虑电机转子电阻在运行中发生未知变化，设计自适应调节器使系统对转子电阻呈现鲁棒性，构建了带电流内环速度控制系统。

The resection electrode types include: a hand-crafted, temperature-resistant tungsten wire-cutting loop; a coagulating perforated resector that provides a 40% greater coagulation zone than standard cutting loops and performs cutting and coagulation simultaneously during tissue resection; a dimpled vaporization roller that offers a smoother area of vaporization than a grooved roller while providing deep-tissue coagulation; a roller ball and roller barrel, which are used for coagulation and ablation of soft tissue in the bladder and prostate (the roller ball may also be used for endometrial ablation in the uterus); and a Collings knife that allows urologists access to all areas of the prostate and is most commonly used for ureteral meatotomy and transurethral incision of the prostate.

切除电极包括：手动操作、耐受高温、钨丝切除线圈；凝固穿孔前列腺切除器，比标准切除线圈的凝固面积大出40%，能够在组织切除过程中同时进行切除和凝固；一种漩涡汽化转子，比槽式转子提供更加平滑的汽化区域，同时产生深部组织凝固；一个转子球和转子滚筒，用于膀胱和前列腺软组织的凝固和汽化(转子球还可以用于子宫内膜的消融)；一个Collings刀能够帮助泌尿科医生进入前列腺的所有区域，通常用于输尿管切除术和经尿道前列腺切开。

In chapter 2, based on analysis for the existed methods of torsional vibration measurement, a novel measuring method, parallelling dual-beam laser doppler torsional vibration measurement is first put forward by the author, it not only divides translation and rotation of the rotor, but also can be used to measure torsional vibration of non-cylinder rotor.

本文的第二章在分析现有扭转振动测量方法的基础上，首次提出平行双光束激光多普勒扭转振动测量方法，它不仅解决了转子平动与转动的完全分离，还能测量各种非圆形截面转子的扭转振动；为辨别转子的转动方向，还提出双频激光多普勒测振仪，满足故障诊断对测量启、停转子和转速方向变化转子性能的要求。

Detailed discussion about distribution and changes of the current in every rotor bar and end ring, the relationship between the number of broken-bar and fault features in stator current after broken bar fault appearing was shown.

转子断条位置对电机影响很大，过去没有引起人们的重视，该文对此进行深入研究，分析电机转子断条位置与故障特征量之间的关系，转子断条位置与转子导条电流、转子端环电流之间的关系，并总结出其规律，指出哪些位置导条进一步断裂的可能性较大。

An auxiliary power motor with improved structure includes wheel shell, rotor ring, stator plate, central wheel axle and control circuit.

一种改良结构的辅助动力马达，包括轮壳、转子环、定子盘、中心轮轴及一控制电路，转子环的内环面埋设磁铁，定子盘周围固设环形矽钢片，其外环面具有多个T形齿牙，其齿数为非转子环磁铁数的公倍数，矽钢片设有三相星形线圈绕组，且于定子盘电机最佳启动角度处设有霍耳元件组；借此将定子盘固设于中心轮轴，令轮壳夹设住转子环并套设于中心轮轴两侧，当转子环旋转时，即可降低磁极间的钝齿转矩，令电动车行进更加顺畅无噪音。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。