转化

Internodal stem segments from 30 d old seedlings of 'Dahong' sweet orange were cultured on bud induction media, to study on the genetic transformation in Citrus with rolB gene.

为建立大红甜橙的再生及遗传转化体系，提高转化芽的成株率，以30d龄的大红甜橙实生苗上胚轴为材料，导入rolB基因，进行遗传转化研究。

Strains beneficial to transform isoeugenol to vanillin were isolatied from soil based on the screening model using high concentration of isoeugenol.

在含有高浓度异丁香酚的筛选平板上获得的14支菌株均有转化异丁香酚生成香草醛的能力，其中SW-B9的转化能力最好，能从2%异丁香酚生成1.10 g/L香草醛，高于文献报道的菌种转化水平，并且其进一步降解产物香草醛的能力较为微弱。

D limonene was distributed among the culture flasks (200 mg/L). The flasks were incubated at 28oC on a rotary shaker (r/min=120) for 5 days. On completion, the culture broth were successively extracted with EtOAc. The extract was quantitatively measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis, The results showed that biocatalytic reactions were comprised of oxidation, including hydroxylation and ketonization which occurred at different positions of the D limonene, as well as hydrogenation, hydrolyzation, esterification and cyclic cleavage. These bacteria strains possess the distinctive biocatalytic capacities towards the D limonene. A series of terpenoids, including sesqui , di and tri terpernoids were also observed,which was accounted for D limonene had influence on the metabolites of marine bacteria.

以2216E为培养基，添加200mg/L的柠檬烯，在28℃，以120 r/min摇瓶培养5 d，用乙酸乙酯提取培养液，经GC MS分析其转化产物，结果显示，这些细菌能在柠檬烯的不同位置进行羟基化、羰基化等，并伴随有还原、水解、酯化、开环等反应，但转化能力和转化程度不同；在产物中，还检测到系列结构不同的其它萜类：包括倍半萜、二萜以及三萜等，这些萜类化合物的产生跟柠檬烯的加入有关，说明柠檬烯能影响细菌代谢产物的产生。

At the same time, it can enhance utilization rate of phosphorus for monogastric animals and solve environmental problems as well.Three linearized DNA fragments without selectable marker gene and vector backbone were constructed containing phyA gene with regulation sequences or T-DNA borders or the plasmid borders.

我们构建了仅含有启动子序列、植酸酶基因和终止子序列的线性基因转化元件及其两端分别带有T-DNA边界序列或一段载体序列的不同线性转化元件，不含选择性标记基因和载体骨架序列，采用花粉管通道法对选定的玉米品种进行转化，共计收获的可以检测的种子为20400粒。

The catalytic transformation pathway can change to decrease the yield of hydrogen and yield methyl-contained sulfides such as methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide, but overlarge concentration of methanol would holdback the transformation of isobutyl mercaptan. The transformation of isobutyl mercaptan was favorable if the volume ratio of methanol and benzene was 0.2.The addition of methanol assume certain effect on the catalytic cracking of di-n-butyl sulfide in solvent benzene but without changing the cracking reaction mechanism of di-n-butyl sulfide.

甲醇也可以使异丁硫醇的催化转化路径发生改变降低硫化氢的产率，生成甲硫醇、甲硫醚及二甲基二硫化物等含甲基硫化物，但甲醇的浓度过高会抑制异丁硫醇的转化，在反应体系中当甲醇的体积占到溶剂苯体积的20%时对异丁硫醇的转化较为有利；甲醇的添加对丁硫醚在溶剂苯中的催化裂化有一定影响，但没有改变丁硫醚的裂解反应历程。

In the real life, have some to grow similarity since new problem and the old problem are general, unknown object and the known number object get in touch with always mutually, be on basis observing carefully in new problem , overwear knowledge , come to handle the new problem old experience, this thought is that process it is have purpose's , effective conversion contradiction, to solve a problem ultimately change solving problems that process , the mathematics inscribe one kind , is to change from saying , solving problems on this significance melt return to

中文摘要：在实际生活中，由于新老问题总有某种相似之处，未知的事物与已知的事物总是相互联系的，即在新问题仔细观察的基础上，用旧知识、旧经验来处理新问题，这种思维是一种转化过程，数学题的解题过程就是有目的的、有效的转化矛盾，最终解决问题，从这个意义上说，解题就是转化。

Several wheat cultivars were transformed in planta by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and numbers of transformants were gained.

利用农杆菌介导的小麦活体转化技术转化多个小麦品种，得到一定数量的小麦转化体植株。

And then, Plasmodiophora brassicae were inoculated on transformed roots and transformed plants respectively for identification and screening of club root disease-resistant transformants.

根据转化体上根肿病的发病程度，评价不同转化系对根肿病的抗病性表现以及抗病转化系的抗病机理。

After having established genetic transformation system with tomato cotyledons as explant and determined the transformable of preculture time,incubation time and co-culture time,we set up the system of high frequency transformation of tomato cotyledons.Then hBMP-3m gene was transferred into tomato via Agrobacterium-mQdiated transformation,and the resistant plants to Hyg were obtained.

建立了以番茄子叶为外植体的遗传转化体系，确定了预培养时间、浸菌时间及共培养时间等转化条件，建立了番茄高频转化系统，然后通过农杆菌介导法将hBMP-3m基因导入番茄，并且获得了Hyg抗性植株。

The results showed that: the explants of strawberry leaves were rather sensitive to kanamycin, and the corresponding concentration of 20 mg/L could substantially inhibit the growth of non-transformed tisse and be used to screen the leaves of strawberry after transformation. Timentin at the concentration of 300 mg/L could be used to eliminate Agrobacterium tumefaciens and had minor impact on the growth of the explants. The preculture time of 2-4 days was beneficial to improve transformation frequency. Co-culture for 2-3 days not only had higher gus transient expression but also avoid the over-growth of agrobacterium. The bacterial concentration of OD(subscript 600nm) 0.4 was the best inoculum density and 10 minutes was the best inoculation time.

结果表明：草毒叶片外植体对卡那霉素较为敏感，适宜的筛选浓度为20mg/L，可明显抑制非转化组织的生长；300mg/L的羧吩青霉素可有效抑菌，对外植体生长影响也较小；预培养2-4d有利于转化；共培养2-3d有利于提高转化频率并避免了农杆菌的过度生长；OD(下标 600nm)值为0.4的菌液侵染10min效果最佳。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。