转化

Hours after inoculation, penetration of the fungus and formation of haustoria in transformed cells were observed to evaluate the effects of the target gene's products on the invasion of powdery mildew.

转化后接种白粉菌孢子，48 h后观察转化阳性表皮细胞，研究抗病相关基因表达对白粉菌入侵及吸器形成产生的影响。

Sp. tritici conidiospores. 40 h after inoculation, penetration of the fungus and formation of haustoria in transformed cells were observed to evaluate the effect of the target gene's product on the invasion of the fungus.

基因枪轰击后高密度接种白粉病菌孢子。40h后观察转化阳性表皮细胞度其表面抱子的发育，并以阳性转化细胞中白粉病菌成功侵入的细胞所占比例为指标分析目标基因的表达对白粉病菌入侵及吸器形成产生的影响(对照为单独导入GUS基因的表皮细胞)。

A effective financial system is beneficial to risk trading, avoiding, disassembling, and is easy for market individual to get the information about investment and allocating which accelerate social capital mobilization, accumulating and converting to long-term industrial capital from scattered small capital. The valid price system of financial instrument inflecting real economy accurately promote finance capital's flowing and allocating among social sector and region.

有效的金融体系有利于风险交易、风险规辟、风险分解和各交易主体的风险分担，同时市场化的融资机制有助于获得更多有关投资和资源配置的信息，这都大大加快了在经济发展中对社会资本的动员、积累以及有效转化，使分散零星的小额资本转化为大规模的长期产业资本，同时，证券化金融产品具有的灵敏、有效的价格信息，反映了实体经济真实情况，进而引导金融资本在各产业、部门间实现有序流动、合理配置。

Methods genomic dna was extracted from different stages of malignant transformation and tumorigenicity in inoculated athymic mouse 16hbe cells induced by cadmium chloride and methylating status of genome p16 gene promoter was observed with methylation-specific pcr and then compared with the controls.

从各组cdcl2恶性转化不同阶段及接种裸鼠成瘤的16hbe细胞中提取全基因组dna，采取甲基化特异性pcr法(methylation-specific pcr，msp)检测该基因组p16基因启动子区的甲基化状况，与非转化的16hbe对照细胞进行比较，并用去甲基化因子5-azac (5-aza-2'deoxycytidine)处理有异常甲基化的细胞。

3Through analysis of the calculate results and actual fact of Shaanxi province, we can still attain below information: The latest rank of index of new economy in China shows: Shaanxi is the eighth, but the GDP per person is NO.29, so the technology and resource advantages of Shaanxi are far to convert to economic advantage, Finally, how to make the technology of the Shaanxi converting to realistic productivity farthest, and make the technology advantage converting to economic advantage, and make the big province of technology becoming a powerfully economic province which is worthy of the name, the dissertation suggests grasping a few aspects as follows: Set up the idea of exploitation new technology, establish the motive mechanism of technology innovation, establish the mechanism of guarantee the budget of scientific research, establish the mechanism of guarantee scientific personnel, construct the fair competition market environment, allotment technology resources openly in the most possible, make the resources to be allotted and used with high-efficiency, at the same time, relying on the resources advantage of Shaanxi, proceed the technique reform and technique penetration, so as to creates the higher benefit.

最后，就如何使陕西的科技优势最大限度地转化为现实生产力，使科技优势转化为经济优势，使科技大省成为名副其实的经济强省，笔者建议从以下几个方面抓起：树立新的科技开发观念、建立科技创新的动力机制、建立科研经费保障机制、建立科研人员保障机制、营造公平竞争的市场环境，科技资源分配尽可能地公开，使资源得到较高效率的配置和使用，同时，依托陕西的优势资源，进行技术改造和科技渗透，以创造出更高的效益。本研究具有以下创新点：一是使用先进的研究方法，把计算机计算和新的数学方法相结合，使计算简单化、准确化；二是使用了先进的研究思路，把陕西省和其他地区置于同一系统内，使用同一的数据处理方法和统计口径，使计算结果更科学、更符合实际，且具有可比性。

According to the three deferent site selection methods, this thesis takes three transformations. The positive transformation (the numerical value larger, the result better) and the negative transformation (the numerical value smaller, the result better) are all included. A Matlab program is developed to predigest the osculating value method.

根据三种不同的铁路垃圾卫生填埋场选址方法，分别运用了三种不同的转化方法，对选址指标的正向和逆向进行不同的转化，开发出一个MatLab程序使得密切值法的运用更为简捷。

The membrane formation processes include two main processes, the evaporation process was dynamically monitored with FTIR-ATR and the immersion process was dynamically photoed with optical microscope. The kinetic effect of the dry/wet phase inversion process on the morphology has been studied.

动态监测成膜过程的不同阶段，用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪来研究干相转化的蒸发过程，采用数码相机连续照相的方法，用光学显微镜来研究湿相转化的凝胶过程，并探讨成膜动力学过程对膜的最终结构及性能的影响。

Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any CCL24 present is bound by the immobilized antibody.

TMB在过氧化物酶的催化下转化成蓝色，并在酸的作用下转化成最终的黄色。

Using this model three competence-deficient pneumococci, which was identified by PCR and transformation experiment, were constructed.

自然转化是细菌之间基因转移的一种方式，肺炎链球菌是目前发现转化效率最高的一种细菌。

Conlusion: pneumococci could form transformation in vivo, and by using EGFP we could detect pneumococcal transformation forming

利用荧光报告细菌转化发生可以用于观察细菌体内转化发生的研究。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。