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By mechanical inoculation, the in vitro transcripts of pUBF52 were infectious to Chenopodium amaranticolor, causing local lesions on the leaves same as that of wild type BBSV. Also, the virus amplification could be detected by Northern blot.

体外转录物摩擦接种表明，pUBF52的体外转录物对苋色藜具有侵染活性，可以在接种叶片上产生与野生型病毒接种相同的局部枯死斑点，同时可以在接种植物中检测到病毒RNA。

WT, antisense-transgenic lines T2-8 and sense- transgenic lines T2-7 of tomato were used to measure the fatty acid composition of thylakoid membrane, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chloroplastic reactive oxygen species and activities of antioxidant enzymes under salt stress.

以野生型，转反义番茄叶绿体ω-3脂肪酸去饱和酶(LeFAD7)基因株系T2-8和转正义LeFAD7基因株系T2-7为试材，测定了类囊体膜脂脂肪酸组成，盐胁迫后的光合参数，叶绿素荧光参数和叶绿体活性氧清除酶活性。

Methods: Five 10-23 deoxyribozymes (DZ1-DZ5) with 2 phosphorothioate groups at 5' and 3' end were designed and synthesized. Full sequence ET-1 RNA was transcripted and FAM-labeled 10-23 deoxyribozyme was used to select cleavable 10-23 deoxyribozyme in vitro and to detect intracellular uptake. The content of ET-1 mRNA was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after 10-23 deoxyribozyme was transfected into cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

体外转录ET-1全长RNA底物，设计并合成5条ET-1 10-23脱氧核酶(DZ1~DZ5)，其5'及3'端各有2个核苷酸硫代修饰，体外切割ET-1RNA底物，筛选有效脱氧核酶；5'标记荧光素FAM的10-23脱氧核酶瞬间转染新生大鼠心肌细胞以观察对10-23脱氧核酶的摄取；采用半定量RT-PCR检测ET-1基因的表达。

According to the eresults described above, we preliminarily suggested that the pathogenic mechanism of Clonorchis sinensis may be related to activation of PKC and increased expression of γ-GTase.Praziquantel, not only can destroy adult worm directly, but also regulate γ-GTase activity. Furthermore, by inhibiting the expression of PKC, Praziquantel can elevate the repair of cells and reduce tumorigenesis. Further investigations are needed to dissect the detailed mechanism.

根据以上的实验结果，我们初步推测中华肝吸虫的致病机转可能和 PKC 的活化作用、γ-GTase 活性的表现有关，而驱虫药 Praziquantel 治疗中华肝吸虫，除了直接破坏虫体外，也可能会抑制 PKC 的表现进而调节γ-GTase 的活性，藉以提升细胞的免疫修复，而降低癌化的产生；唯其详细机转有待进一步探讨。

Methods: The cells were treated with the different concentrations of Cobaltous chloride. The lactic acid dehydrogenase from the supernatant of the cells was detected by a biochemical analysis. The cells were co-transfected with a pGL2-eNOS-p vector while stimulated with Cobaltous chloride at the different concentrations and disposing time, and the transcription activity of human eNOS promoter was determined through using a double luciferase reporter gene system.

用含不同浓度氯化钴的培养基培养细胞，检测细胞培养上清中的乳酸脱氢酶含量；将已构建的pGL2-eNOS-p质粒转染HUVEC-12细胞，利用双荧光素酶报告基因技术检测在不同浓度氯化钴和不同作用时间下的eNOS启动子转录活性。

A cogging torque measurement system was proposed, which was composed of stepping motor, torque sensor, etc.

提出了一种由步进电机、转矩传感器等元件组成的齿槽转矩测试系统。

Cogging torque is one of the most important parameters of PM motors,which causes torque ripple,vibration and acoustic noise.

齿槽转矩是永磁电机最重要的参数之一，它的存在会造成电机的转矩波动、振动和噪声。

Objective: To colone SOD gene, construct combinant of retrovirus SOD gene, make a basis of gene transfection and over-expression of gene therapy.

目的 通过克隆SOD基因，构建逆转录病毒-SOD真核表达载体转染复合体，为基因转染及SOD的过表达提供基础，为将来的基因治疗进行准备，也为深入研究SOD功能及SOD的开发创造条件。

The expression profiles analysis of 25 genes belonging to 8 types in different development periods of Y35 somatic embry showed, genes involved in transcription, signal transduction, cell fate, substance transport, cell and development regulation were active at early and middle stages of somatic embryogenesis, while at the stage of cotyledonary embryo maturation, the high level-expressed genes were mainly those related to storage protein, maturation and defense.

通过半定量和Real-Time PCR技术，对WRKY和MAPKK等8类25个差异表达基因在Y35体细胞胚不同发育时期的表达分析显示，转录、信号转导、细胞生长分裂、细胞命运、物质转运和多数发育调节相关基因在体细胞胚胎发生的早期或中期比较活跃，而进入子叶胚成熟后期则主要是储藏蛋白、成熟和防御相关基因大量表达。

Taken together, these results indicate that cosuppression of the tobacco chs gene can occur using the equivalent Petunia gene, and demonstrate a linkage between the expression level of chs mRNA, cyanidin content, and flower color in transgenic tobacco plants.

综合而言，本研究提供了广泛的实验证据，说明菸草chs基因的共同抑制作用是可以透过别种植物如矮牵牛的相似基因而发挥作用，导致转殖菸草产生白色花朶；并清楚显示chs mRNA表现量、花青素含量及转殖菸草花朶颜色的关联性。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新