轨道的

These results show that:(1) the results retrieved from the Abel integral and absolute TEC inversion are consistent on the whole at higher orbits altitude (~800 km), and in good agreement with those measured by ionosondes; the results retrieved from absolute TEC inversion are in better agreement with those obtained from ionosondes than that by the Abel integral inversion at lower orbits attitude (~500 km);(2) the maximal electron density N m from absolute TEC inversion is closer to N mF2 from ionosondes than that from Abel integral inversion, and the method of the former is more rigorous and effective than that of the latter;(3) absolute TEC is more sensitive to cycle slip than Abel integral, but for the two ways significant loss of inversion precision due to cycle slip always exists.

结果表明：（1）在较高轨道高度（约800 km），Abel积分与绝对TEC方法的反演结果基本一致，都与电离层测高仪反演结果符合良好；在较低轨道高度（约500 km），绝对TEC反演精度优于Abel积分反演精度；（2）绝对TEC反演的最大电子密度 N m较Abel积分法获得的结果更接近于电离层测高获得的峰值电子密度 N mF2，绝对TEC反演法更加严密和有效；（3）周跳对绝对TEC反演结果的影响较Abel积分反演结果的影响更为敏感，但无论哪种方法，周跳对反演精度都造成严重损失。

Based on the conclusions of passive control and stable conditions of the coupled system, the passive stability configurations of solar sail on displaced solar orbit and at artificial Lagrange point are designed.

被动控制要求太阳帆的法线方向与太阳光之间的夹角保持不变，此时太阳帆的轨道总是稳定的且其轨道参数由太阳帆的初始角动量唯一确定。

Both motor car and each trailer of HST were modeled as a multi-rigid-body system with two suspensions, and LVT was modeled as an assembly of track segment elements with 24 degrees of freedom. The vertical vibration matrix equation of the system was established on the basis of the principle of the total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and the rule of "set-in-right-position" for formulating system matrixes, and then Wilson-θ numerical integration method was used to solve the problem. The dynamic responses of the system were calculated when the train runs at the speed of 200 km/h. And the effects of vertical stiffness of rail fastener and block pad on vertical vibration responses of the system were investigated.

其原理是：将高速列车的动车和拖车模拟为具有二系悬挂的多刚体系统；将弹性支承块式无碴轨道模拟为具有24个自由度的轨段单元的集合；基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的"对号入座"法则，建立此系统竖向振动矩阵方程，并采用Wilson-θ数值积分法求解，计算速度为200 km/h时此系统竖向动力响应，研究轨道刚度对此系统竖向振动响应的影响规律。

In order to verify the prediction efficiency, 27 interplanetary shock events from January 1979 to June 1982 and 68 interplanetary shock events from February 1997 to January 2000 are used for testing. Comparing the results of our disturbance model to those obtained by STOA and ISPM, we find that our disturbance model is as good as the other two models, and in some cases even better.

为印证扰动传播模型的适用性，利用79年到82年间的27个激波事件，以及97年2月到2000年1月间的68个激波事件，对激波到达地球轨道附近的传播时间进行了预测，并将结果与目前流行的行星际激波事件到达地球轨道时间的STOA和ISPM预报模型所得结果进行了比较。

Secondly, PSDS serves as a universal system for compact and totally disconnected dynamical systems (since OSDS cann't), and provides a moderate framework for characterizing orbit structures of general dynamical systems, in particular non-expansive dynamical systems.

其次，乘积符号动力系统是紧致完全不连通的动力系统的典型代表(我们知道符号动力系统不是紧致完全不连通的动力系统的典型代表)，它为刻画一般动力系统的轨道结构，尤其是非扩张动力系统的轨道结构提供了框架。

With being discussed city development level, economic benefit, social benefit and items feasibility, the elements affecting city track transportation type choice is studied. And from social welfare, the economic benefit is put emphasis on: starting with the benefits of tripper and operator, it is studied respectively under three conditions, maximal social welfare, maximal social welfare with no operating profit, and maximal social welfare considering govenment allowance and business income.

论文从城市总体发展水平、经济效益、社会效益、项目实施的可行性四个方面出发，对影响城市轨道交通类型选择的因素进行讨论，并从社会福利角度着重分析了修建城市轨道交通的经济效益：经济效益从出行者效益和运营者效益两方面入手，对其在社会福利最大、运营利润为零的社会福利最大和考虑政府补贴及物业收入的社会福利最大三种情况下进行了讨论。

With the development of city viaduct track traffic and the increase of train speed in China, people have began to give more and more concern to the influence of vibration induced by viaduct track system to around environment.

随着我国城市高架轨道交通的不断发展，列车运行速度的不断提高，高架轨道交通系统的振动对沿线周边环境产生的影响越来越受到人们的关注。

To ensure realization of development planning of urban rail traffic in Tianjin and successful implementation of metro construction projects, establish a public communications network backboned by rail traffic, provide citizens with convenient, fast, cost-effective and secure communications service, it is necessary and urgent to study countermeasures for metro financing in Tianjin for the time being.

为保证天津市城市轨道交通发展规划的实现和地铁建设项目的顺利实施，构筑以轨道交通为骨干的公共交通体系，为市民提供方便、快捷、经济、安全的交通服务，在现阶段，对天津地铁融资对策进行研究是必要的和紧迫的。

These results prove that iron ion or 4s conduction electron can produce new square atom loop 4L, magnetic moment of iron ion can be made by magnetic moment 2P(subscript m0k) of 2 4sEE in 4L loop, Curie temperature T is proportionate to quantized energy of 4sEE, HMCE can produce contrarotation or reverse self-rotation energy U(subscript 0K) and U(subscript 0K) can produce great thermoelecal potential.

这些结果证明铁离子或4s传导电子产生了新的正方形原子轨道4L，2个4sEE在4L轨道上产生的磁矩2P(下标 m0K)构成铁离子的磁矩，居里温度T与4sEE的量子化能量成比例，基金属传导电子产生了反向旋转或反向自旋能量U(下标 0K)，U(下标 0K)使合金产生大的热电势等反常物理量。

In the field of spaceborne remote sensing, a geometric collinearity equation of pushbroom sensor with the Kepler parameters of the satellite orbit and the attitudes of sensor has been developed. Testing the sensor model on a SPOT-5 imagery, the planimetric accuracy of object positioning is 83.392m on the ground. According to the orbital dynamical model and the kinematics model of satellite attitude, an algorithm of extrapolative location is developed. Testing the algorithm on CBERS-2 high resolution satellite imageries of central China, when the depth of extrapolation is 300km, the planimetric precision is 53.555m including the measurement errors as well as the modeling error over than the 568m which is the planimetric precision of systematic rectification.

航天遥感方面，利用6个卫星轨道开普勒参数和3个传感器姿态建立了推扫式卫星遥感影像的严格构像方程，经对一景SPOT-5影像实施无地面控制对地目标定位获得了83.392m的平面精度；根据遥感卫星的运动规律，提出了卫星轨道参数、传感器姿态和扫描侧视角的外推算法，用于资源二号卫星影像的外推对地目标定位，当外推深度达300km时，目标定位精度不低于50m。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷