车辆的

It firstly gave the software and hardware environment, and then described its design plan and strategy detailedly on the base of analyzing the problems of today's automobilism simulator. Meanwhile, it builded the mathematics model, and gave the examining plan on collision of automobile. Then it elaborated systemly its achievement and basic algorithm of roaming system. Finally, it summed up the full text, and put forward the next prospect.

首先给出了该仿真系统实现的软硬件环境，然后在分析了当前驾驶模拟器仿真系统所存在的问题的基础上，详尽地描述了本系统的设计方案与实现策略，同时建立了仿真车辆实体的数学模型，并就车辆的碰撞行为给出了检测方案，接着，论文还就漫游系统的实现及其基础算法进行了系统地阐述，并就本仿真系统的特效处理给出CG语言的实现，最后，总结全文并给出了下一步工作的展望。

It firstly gave the software and hardware environment, and then described its design plan and strategy detailedly on the base of analyzing the problems of todays automobilism simulator. Meanwhile, it builded the mathematics model, and gave the examining plan on collision of automobile. Then it elaborated systemly its achievement and basic algorithm of roaming system. Finally, it summed up the full text, and put forward the next prospect.

首先给出了该仿真系统实现的软硬件环境，然后在分析了当前驾驶模拟器仿真系统所存在的问题的基础上，详尽地描述了本系统的设计方案与实现策略，同时建立了仿真车辆实体的数学模型，并就车辆的碰撞行为给出了检测方案，接着，论文还就漫游系统的实现及其基础算法进行了系统地阐述，并就本仿真系统的特效处理给出CG语言的实现，最后，总结全文并给出了下一步工作的展望。

Under the condition of running on the hard soil pavement with the total train mass, the riding comfort tests of the tractor-trailer combinations with the stiff and the flexible drawgear have been performed, and the dynamics longitudinal force has been studied. When the flexible drawgear was used, the theoretical results and the experimental data showed that the peak value of the dynamics longitudinal force, the peak value of the RMS of the dynamics longitudinal force, and the PSD both of the dynamics longitudinal force and of the longitudinal acceleration decreased largely.

以平稳随机路面激励状况下满载行驶作为挂接车辆的经常行驶工况，进行了挂接车辆以刚性牵引架及不同柔性牵引参数的柔性牵引装置牵引运行时的平顺性试验，柔性牵引理论分析结果与试验结果均表明，使用柔性牵引参数值接近优化值的柔性牵引装置后，动态纵向牵引力的峰值、功率谱密度峰值及均方根值均有了大幅度的降低；主车和挂车的纵向振动加速度功率谱峰值也有了很大的降低。

Furthermore, the business amount of distribution based on electronic commerce will increase gradually in city, if still organize delivery by continue to use prevenient logistics method, there will appear a series of problems, such as service quality declines, cannot meet the requirements of clients, hard to control logistics cost due to a large amount of inconsequence delivery, unreasonable vehicle routing and scheduling will make the working time and route line of delivery vehicles increase, thus lead to the increase of traffic burden in city.

而城市中基于电子商务的物流配送业务量将逐渐增加，如果仍沿用以前的物流方法来组织配送，会产生一系列的问题，如服务质量下降，不能满足客户的要求；大量不合理的配送调度的出现会使物流成本难于控制；车辆调度的不合理会使物流配送车辆的出行次数增加、路线增长，从而导致城市交通负担的增加。

Main work in low level vision include researching methods of vehicle detecting and segmentation, as well as techniques of image pretreatment, background updating and shadow removal. In middle level, techniques of vehicle tracking were treated in detail, and Parameters of traffic flow were calculated too. Methods of pedestrian recognition were discussed and alarm of peccancy in traffic was detected in high level.

低层视觉中，主要研究了车辆的检测与分割的方法，还包括图像的预处理、背景更新以及阴影消除等技术的研究；中层视觉中，主要研究车辆跟踪的方法，以及交通参数的检测；高层视觉中，对行人识别技术进行了一定的，同时研究了违规情况的报警。

The modeling methods about vestibule diaphragm, coupler and draft gear are introduced, too. Among the six Models, Model A and Model B can be used to study the vehicle stability and curve negotiation under different track situations. Model C and Model D can be used to carry out the stability, dynamic curving behavior and ride comfort of the high-speed passenger car. Model E and Model F are three-dimension train dynamic models which consist of three cars (head car, intermediate car and tail car).

所建立的6种动力学模型中，模型A和模型B可用于研究不同轨道条件下车辆的运动稳定性及动态曲线通过性能；模型C和模型D可以用来研究车辆的运动稳定性、动态曲线通过性能及运行平稳性；模型E和模型F是列车系统动力学分析模型，都是由三节车组成的列车单元，三车列车模型作为一个最小的列车单元，包含了头车、中间车和尾车，已能够反映整个列车的动力学特性。

High load high temperature resistant, good performance, and braking stability, mud in winter and bad conditions, the disc brake driving drum brake easier than in a relatively short period of time to stop the car Can collapse in vehicle principls shrinkage occurs when the frontal impact crushing forward, to ensure the shrinkage crew chest from harm CAE simulation technology for application of the original design, the change process, CAE analysis method and combining with engineering design, analysis and design, CAE and the integration of CAD most of the vehicle in the design phase problems can be resolved through simulation, can be in concept design phase is accurately forecast and control components and vehicle performance and reliability, thus in the development initial can make the future product performance and structure index guaranteed.

高负载时耐高温性能好，制动效果稳定，而且不怕泥水侵袭，在冬季和恶劣路况下行车，盘式制动比鼓式制动更容易在较短的时间内令车停下可溃缩式转向柱会在车辆发生正面碰撞的时候向前溃缩，以保证乘员胸部免受伤害 CAE仿真技术进行的全面应用，改变了原来的设计方法和流程，CAE分析和工程设计紧密结合，实现了分析与设计同步、CAE与CAD的一体化使车辆的大多数问题都可以在设计阶段通过仿真得到解决，可以在概念设计阶段就精确地预测和控制零部件乃至整车的性能和结构可靠性，从而在开发初期就能使未来产品性能和结构指标得到保证。

Detail Contents: Genetic disorders -- Immune deficiencies -- Breast cancer -- Colon cancer -- Melanoma -- Cystic fibrosis -- Hemophilia -- Liver disease -- Cardiovascular disease -- Muscular dystrophy -- Alzheimer's disease -- Parkinson's disease -- Huntington's disease -- Viruses: the cornerstone of gene therapy -- Viruses are living crystals -- Viral genomes may be RNA or DNA -- Viruses evolved from plasmids -- Viruses know how to infect cells -- The virus as a gene vehicle -- Viruses used in gene therapy -- Ashi DeSilva: a promising start -- Clinical trials defined -- Cells of the immune system -- Adenosine deaminase -- Preliminary research -- Clinical procedure for ADA gene therapy -- The DeSilva clinical trial -- Jesse Gelsinger: down to earth -- Ornithine transcarbamylase -- Preliminary research -- Clinical procedure for OTC gene therapy -- The Gelsinger clinical trial -- The investigation -- Concluding remarks -- Future prospects -- Safer vehicles -- Reducing immune rejection of the vector -- Improved risk assessment -- Redesigning human anatomy and physiology -- Ethics of gene therapy -- The Belmont report -- Clinical trials -- Physiological enhancement -- Cosmetic applications -- Legal issues -- Regulatory agencies -- The Gelsinger legal trial -- International regulation -- Resource center -- Eucaryote cell primer -- Recombinant DNA primer -- The human genome project -- X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-X1)-- Alzheimer's disease -- Huntington's disease.

细节内容︰遗传疾病-免疫的缺乏-乳腺癌-结肠癌-黑瘤-囊性纤维变性-血友症-肝疾病-心血管疾病-肌营养不良-早老性痴呆病-帕金森疾病-亨廷顿疾病-病毒︰基础的基因治疗-病毒在活著水晶--病毒的基因可能是RNA或者DNA --病毒从plasmids被逐步形成--病毒知道怎样感染细胞--作为一辆基因车辆的病毒--基因治疗使用的病毒-Ashi DeSilva︰有希望开始-临床试验确定--细胞的这免疫系统-Adenosine deaminase-初步研究-临床程式给埃达基因治疗--这DeSilva临床试验-婕西Gelsinger︰到地球-Ornithine transcarbamylase-初步研究-临床程式给OTC基因治疗-- Gelsinger临床试验-调查-达成评论-前景-更安全的车辆--矢量的降低免疫的拒绝-改进风险估计-重新设计人解剖学和生理学--伦理学的基因治疗-那些贝拉蒙特报告-临床试验-生理提升-美容应用-法律问题-协调机构-- Gelsinger 合法审讯-国际管理-资源中心人物-Eucaryote信元第一-Recombinant DNA 入门--人类基因工程-- X 连结的严重的结合的免疫缺陷(SCID-X1)-早老性痴呆病--亨廷顿的疾病。

It is necessity to take an impact test for FOPS in laboratory in order to install falling object protective structures at engineering vehicle and check its dependability.

为了对工程车辆的落物保护装置进行可靠性试验提供理论依据，采用冲击动力学的塑性波两侧的动量平衡理论对工程车辆FOPS受冲击时落锤的动态响应进行了研究，建立了锤头变形的基本方程，绘制了方程相应曲线；建立了锤头在冲击过程中任一瞬时变形长度和非变形长度的数学模型，找到了工程应变和冲击速度之间的曲线对于塑性大变形的突变点及影响落锤变形的各个因素和控制变形的依据。

It is caused by the differential settlement between bridge abutment and subgrade. As a result, it badly affects comfort of traveling, reduces velocity of steering, minishes capacity of highway, enhances the damage to vehicles and bridge abutment, and even gives birth to traffic accident.

桥头跳车是由桥台构造物与台背路基之间的不均匀沉降引起的，它的存在严重影响了行车的舒适性，降低了车辆的行驶速度和道路的通行能力，加剧了车辆及桥台构造物的损坏，甚至导致交通事故的发生。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐