车辆

Large diesel vehicles must meet Euro II standards and small ones Euro phase I standards, which are currently enforced in the Euro pean Union.

大型柴油车辆必须符合 euro II废气标准，而小型柴油车辆则须符合 euro 第一期废气标准，这些均为欧盟正在实施的标准。

Railcars, carrying passengers and goods, are main tache in the railage. With the development of society, railage makes higher and higher demands on railcars.

而铁路车辆是铁路运输中直接载运旅客和货物的工具，是铁路中的一个主要环节，随着社会的进步，运输对车辆的要求越来越高。

From the definition of goods train turnaround time, we can know if we reduced turnaround time, accelerated the turnover of vehicles,especially serious lack of empty train, we can effectively control turnaround time and improve transport efficiency, whth important practical significance, especially present situation, the national railway can do more transport task with same number of vehicles, increasing transportation revenues and the local railway will redue occupancy costs of country rail to reduce costs and improve efficiency.

由货车周转时间的定义即可得知，如果能够成功压缩货车周转时间，加快车辆周转，尤其在全路空车严重不足时，则可以有效控制货车周转时间、提高货车车辆运用效率，这具有十分重要的现实意义。更何况在当前新形势下，加速货车周转，对于国铁即意味着能以同样数量的货车完成更多的运输任务，进而增加运输收入；对于地方铁路或专用铁路则意味着将大大减少对国铁货车占用费的支出从而降低成本、提高效率。

Supposing that the pavement depression is a Ricker wavelet function ,and then the moving vehicle s vibration level induced by it can be obtained by simplifying the vehicle to a two DOF vibration system.

本文将高速公路路面凹陷变形假设为Ricker 小波函数，将车辆简化为两自由度的振动系统，分析了由于路面凹陷变形引起的车辆振动水平。

The scotching and flaking on wheel tread are irregular defects frequently formed in the running process of train vehicle.

铁路车辆轮对踏面的擦伤与剥离是车辆在运行过程中形成的一种常见的不规则表面缺陷，是轮对检修过程中必须检测的一个项目。

Dynamic equations of a 3 degreeoffreedom model for the multiaxle steering system of the truckhowitzer including the vehicle body sidesway characteristic was derived, a dimension reduction observer for rebuilding the vehicle state was constructed, and a vehicle steering controller based on the optimal tracking strategy was designed.

建立了包含车身侧倾特性的车载式火炮多桥转向三自由度模型动力学方程普适公式，并构造了用于重构车辆状态的降维观测器，设计了基于最优跟踪控制策略的车辆转向控制器。

In this paper,a simplified model on tracklayer and correlative algorithms are first introduced,then a state-of-the-art and feasible algorithm is implemented to achieve the coordinate adaption and landform adjustment after the full analysis of the different typical movement state on the treadway bridge,so the tracklayer will get through the bridge correctly in the vision simulation system.

首先介绍了视景仿真系统中车辆的简化模型和相关算法，在此基础上，对车辆以各种方式通过车辙桥的姿态进行了分析，并提出了针对车辙桥的地形匹配算法。

Research about automatic turning control for agricultural vehicle was carried out based on KUBATO SPU-60 rice transplanter.

本文围绕农用车辆自动导航控制研究的需要，以日本久保田SPU－60型插秧机为研究平台，进行农用车辆的自动转向控制技术研究。

The operation processes of vehicles are analysed for both direct leftturn and rightturn combined u-turn at the edian opening at unsignalized T intersection. The calculaiton models for travel time and stop delay are developed to describe these two situation, which are based on the gap acceptance theory.

对T型无信号交叉口直接左转和下游中央分隔带远引掉头两种交通流组织下的车辆运行过程进行了对比分析，基于可接受间隙理论，分别建立了两种情况的车辆行程时间和停车延误计算模型。

This paper first introduces a system which can detect vehicle disobey the red light. then introduces a arithmetic with shadow elimination to solve the problem of violations detection of yellow line: by day,the quality of the image is good,this arthmetic uses a method which combine the line-frame detection and the HSV color information analysis.this method detect violations according as whether the line-frame of yellow is being destroyed. In order to solve the most important problem in apply instance—interference of shadow,we add HSV color information analysis in the area of yellow line which line-frame is being destroyed. If the shadows proportion is below the threshold,then we determine vehicle violative of yellow line; at night,the quality of the image is not good, we calculate the grey image of differences to detect violations.

本算法在白天图片质量较好时，采用结合HSV颜色空间分析线结构检测算法，该算法利用黄线区域的边缘结构特征作为依据检测是否存在车辆或阴影压黄线，针对实际应用中存在的最大问题即阴影的干扰，加入了HSV颜色空间分析来检测黄线边缘残缺区域，若该位置阴影比重低于一定比例，才认定为是车辆压黄线违章而不是阴影干扰；在夜晚图片质量下降的时候，采用灰度差值法。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐