车臣

Gu holds that, as a multi ethnic state, Russia encounters ethnic problems which bear a nature of frequentness, acuteness and protractedness.

车臣问题是前苏联长期积累的民族矛盾的大爆发，军事上的胜利不等于车臣问题的全面解决。

These republics, most still maintain the original political district boundaries, only the Chechen - Ingushetia, Chechnya, family insisted on independence, with the views of ethnic Ingush On the contrary, in fact split into two, and he changed to 1934 prior to the merger of the old community to community.

这些共和国，绝大多数仍维持原有的政区界线，仅车臣—印古什，因车臣族方面坚持独立，而印古什族与之意见相反，事实上已一分为二，于是改以1934年合并前的旧界为界。

We were there to support the Stability Pact for the Balkans and a resolution of the continuing crisis in Chechnya that would end the terrorism against Russia and the excessive use of force against noncombatant Chechens.

这次会议的主题有：支持《巴尔干稳定公约》；就车臣持续存在的危机形成决议，以便结束针对俄罗斯的恐怖行动和对车臣地区的非军事人员滥用武力。

Still, Dima, now at college, is relatively lucky. Many of the 1m-plus Chechnya veterans came back alcoholic, unemployable and anti-social, suffering what soon became known as "the Chechen syndrome".

不过，如今身居大学的迪玛还算相对幸运。1百万以上的车臣老兵中许多人后来酗酒、失业以及不善交际，遭受着不久后通称为"车臣综合症"的折磨。

She neither sentimentalized the Chechen rebels nor demonized the Russian conscripts— ill-armed, ill-fed and ill-led —who have crushed the Chechens' half-baked independence.

在她的笔下，车臣叛军不是悲剧英雄，俄国士兵亦非十恶不赦的魔鬼——部队装备简陋、后勤糟糕、领导无能——纵然他们扼杀了车臣独立的种子。

An excessive concentration of power in the Kremlin that has wiped out regional autonomy and fostered corruption; The so-called peace in Chechnya has been won by handing control of the republic to a former rebel, Ramzan Kadyrov; the competitiveness of the non-oil economy has eroded sharped since the devaluation of 1998; The concept of manufactory for export scarcely exist, outside the arms industry; The long-dram-out Yukos affairs, which began in mid 2003 presaged not only an assault on property rights and the rule of law and also a resurgence of state control over, and interference in the economy.

第一，克里姆林宫的高度集权剥夺了地区的自主权同时也滋生了腐败问题；第二，所谓的车臣和平实际上是把共和执政权交给了昔日的车臣叛军首领卡狄羅夫；第三，俄国这个无油国家的竞争力已经从98年的货币贬值开始踱步下降；第四，除了武器出口，基本上没有制造业的出口；第五，从2003年中年开始的尤科斯事件，不仅预示了这是对个人所有权的侵害，而且还是对国家法律和管理权利产生了负面影响，同时也干涉了经济。

The big question for Russia, Chechnya and the world is whether the symbiotic reigns of the Chechen warlord and the Russian spook are necessary codas to tumultuous times, or the incubators of yet more instability and pain.

对俄罗斯、车臣和全世界而言，大问题在于车臣军阀和俄罗斯暗探的共同统治是结束动荡时代的必需，抑或是更多动乱和痛苦的孵化器。

As with all wars, the starkest toll of Chechnya's are the dead, who as well as the slaughtered Chechens officially include around 10,000 federal troops, and unofficially many more.

就像在所有战争中一样，车臣最明显的钟声就是为那些亡灵，除了那些遭到屠杀的车臣人，其中也包括官方公布的约1万名联邦军人，而非官方的数字就更大了。

Republics: Those marked by * were former autonomous oblasts (regions and were granted the status of republic under the the terms of the 1992 Federation Treaty.

共和国：（带＊者系根据1992年联邦条约，由州升格为共和国，车臣共和国和印古什共和国在1992年由车臣—印古什自治共和国分割而成的

Chechnya is still part of Russia, and any other would-be secessionists have seen the bloody price the Chechens have paid: perhaps 100,000 civilians dead, and many more displaced.

车臣仍是俄罗斯的一部分，其他任何想做脱离主义者的人都已看到了车臣业已付出的血的代价：可能有10万名平民死亡，更多的人离开家园。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。