躯体与精神的

Psychoanalyst, group therapist and body therapist, Mauro Mancini is a Ph. D. in psychology and a Ph. D. in History of Art and Philosophy (both at the University of Rome, Italy). He is member of AIPA (Italian Association for Analytical psychology). His first personal analysis and training was according the ideas and methods of the Jungian school.

马龙教授是精神分析师，团体治疗分析师和躯体治疗师，他获得了罗马大学大学哲学与艺术博士（国内叫罗马大学或罗马一大，是意大利及欧洲最古老的三所大学之一），他是瑞士苏黎世国际分析心理学协会意大利分会成员。

We are, and must be, one and all, burdened with faults in this world: but the time will soon come when, I trust, we shall put them off in putting off our corruptible bodies; when debasement and sin will fall from us with this cumbrous frame of flesh, and only the spark of the spirit will remain,- the impalpable principle of light and thought, pure as when it left the Creator to inspire the creature: whence it came it will return; perhaps again to be communicated to some being higher than man- perhaps to pass through gradations of glory, from the pale human soul to brighten to the seraph!

人生在世，谁都会有一身罪过，而且必定如此，但我相信，很快就会有这么一天，我们在摆脱腐坏躯体的同时，也会摆脱这些罪过。到那时，堕落与罪过将会随同累赘的肉体离开我们，只留下精神的火花——生命和思想的本源，它像当初离开上帝使万物具有生命时那么纯洁，它从哪里来就回到哪里去，也许又会被传递给比人类更高级的东西一—也许会经过各个荣耀的阶段，从照亮人类的苍白灵魂，到照亮最高级的六翼天使。

This paper investigated 44 rich families and 33 general fmilies menta l health condition with PHI,the results were:the rich famlies had more mental pr oblem then the general families,the husbands in the rich expressed sensitive,com petitive,obstinate character;the wife in the rich expressed suspicious,fancy and somatic features There were 66.7%husbands and 61.9%wives in the rich who had mental problems,39.1%husbands and 42.4%wives in the general family had mental problems,and 34.1%children in the rich and 13.6%children in the general family had mental problems.

张同延 ，何雪娟对44例富商和33户普通家庭进行精神健康对照研究，使用精神健康测验进行调查，结果显示，富商家庭存在比较严重的心理卫生问题，具体表现出敏感多疑、好与人竞争，人格上具有固执生；富商妻疑心、脱离现实，对心理挫折常常采用躯体化的心理防御机制。富商群体中出现心理问题和心理障碍为66.7%、富商妻为61.9%；普通家庭男性为39.1%，其妻为42.4%；富商子女为34.1%，普通家庭子女为13.6%。

Background and Objective: Chronic stress is a precipitative causeof many physical and mental disorders.

背景与目的：应激是很多躯体疾病和精神疾病的诱发因素。

Results: 1. Childhood trauma history: the patients with BPD had significantly higher scores of emotional abuse, physical abuse, sex abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect than the non-personality disorder patients. 2. The parental rearing style: comparing with the Chinese norm, the scores of emotional warmth / comprehension of BPD group were lower; the scores of punishment/rigorousness and rejection /deny of BPD group were higher; The differences were significant. 3. Family environment: comparing with Chinese norm, the scores of intimacy/ affection expression/ independence/ success/ culture/ entertainment/ morality and religion/sense of organization of BPD group were lower; the scores of contradictory were higher.4. Correlation analysis revealed that the childhood trauma history of BPD was correlated with the unhealthy parents' rearing style and family environment. 5. Logistic regression analyses revealed that gender, emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect are the risk factors for BPD.

结果1、BPD儿童期创伤经历：BPD患者在情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视及总体虐待程度显著高于精神科门诊中非人格障碍患者。2、 BPD父母养育方式：BPD患者的父母养育方式与中国常模相比存在较多显著差异，父亲在情感温暖理解、过度保护方面远低于对照，而在惩罚、严厉，拒绝、否认方面远高于对照；母亲在情感温暖、理解方面远低于对照，而在拒绝、否认，惩罚、严厉方面远高于对照。3、 BPD家庭环境：患者家庭的亲密度、情感表达、独立性、成功性、文化性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性等方面均显著低于中国常模；而矛盾性方面显著高于常模。4、 BPD儿童期创伤与不恰当的父母养育方式和不良的家庭环境显著相关。5、BPD的影响因素：经Logistic回归分析，性别、年龄，情感虐待、躯体虐待、情感忽视是影响BPD患病与否的关键因素。

Objective and method : The clinic al data of 73 mental disorders caused by the chronic alcoholism were restrospcti vely analyzed in this article.The incide nce of the disease was 2.2% of the inpat ients of the same period whicle the male patients were up to 4.6% in the male in patien ts of the same period.

目的与方法：本文回顾性分析了73例慢性酒精中毒所致精神障碍患者的临床资料；结果与结论：发现占同期住院病仙的2.2％，男性病人占同期男性住院病人的4.6％，精神症状复杂多样，躯体伴发疾病发生率高，应引起临床重视。

The elements that emotions induce disease Emotions induce disease basically by disturbing the movement of the gas in the body, depleting the gas、blood and succus in the body, effecting other mental function.

情志与疾病的关系情志异常可导致精神疾病、躯体疾病、神形俱病，还可病及胎儿；而疾病导致的脏腑气血变化或治疗失误又可引发异常情志。

Part two: Main body, expounds the development of the new period fiction"s introduction from, reference to and fusion with western modernistic fiction, of the breakthrough of the original aesthetic norms and of conducting the "modernity" of the new research of fictional style. The development is as follows: beginning from exploring the artistic forms and skills, it self-examines the history, searches for the meaning of life, and calls for the realization of certain "personality", i.e. spiritual freedom; then, adopts the spirits of modernistic literature, searches for and sublates our national traditional culture; cares for the modern people"s specific mental states and makes inquiries for the meaning of life; then, revolutionizes the textual narration, reveals the doubt about the man"s subject exposed in the theme of works, describes directly the problems of the man"s subject itself, inquires the reality and possibility of the subject"s being, and uncovers the complexity of the modernistic central proposition: man"s anxiety and his essence.

本论部分，论述新时期中国文坛对西方现代主义借鉴、吸纳、融合，突破原有的审美规范，进行小说文体新实验的发展历程——即从艺术形式、艺术技巧的探索开始起步，反思历史、探索&人&的意义；在对民族传统文化的寻找与扬弃中，重建民族的&文化&主体，以走向现代世界；关注现代人的精神状况，揭示社会的贫乏、专横、庸俗、虚伪和窒息的一面，寻求生命的意义与价值；通过文本的叙述革命，揭示作品对人这一主体的怀疑，在小说中直接描写&人&本身所存在的问题，以及人自身本质的复杂性；对城市化、世俗化生活的窥望与期冀，对其作品中多元化的欲望进行透视，揭示当今社会中人的现代主义的虚无与后现代式的焦虑，指出其书写的局限与精神提升；论析女性作家&个人化&躯体写作的意义、特色以及女性作家个人化写作的精神困境。

Methods By using SCL90, the parents of 36 children with schizophrenia were studiedResults The parents＇ mental health (including personal relations, depression, anxiety, paranoea, somatization, hostility and fear) was worse than the normal model (P01 or P05) The mean scores of somatization, depression and anxiety of the children's mother was significantly difference from those of their father (all P05) The average score of personal relation factor in mother was obviously lower than in father Conclusion Clinical medical and nursing staff should pay attention to the mental health of the diseased children's parents and provide corresponding mental interventional measures

目的 探讨精神分裂症患儿父母心理健康状况。方法采用SCL90 对36例精神分裂症患儿父母进行调查。结果患儿父母整体心理健康状况较常模差，其中人际关系、抑郁、焦虑及偏执4项因子分与常模比较，差异有极显著性意义（均P01）；躯体化、敌对和恐怖3项因子分与常模比较，差异有显著性意义（均P05）。患儿母亲躯体化、抑郁、焦虑3项因子分均明显高于父亲，两者比较，差异有显著性意义（均P05）；而人际关系因子分明显低于父亲。结论临床医护人员应重视精神分裂症患儿父母的心理健康状况，并给予相应的心理干预措施。

This, however, is only part of the story: mental illness is also linked to stigmatisation, discrimination, and intolerance in rural settings and in all countries, regardless of their level of industrialisation and sophistication of labour.

这种污名化可导致（1）精神卫生保健优先级低下；（2）难以获得服务机构高质量的支持；（3）就业和定居是曾有精神障碍发作病人持续存在的问题；（4）精神障碍患者及其家庭与社会的隔离；（5）一旦获诊精神障碍躯体疾病护理质量低劣[1]。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。