踝的

Repeated forceful contractions of wrist extensors or forearm supinator result in tensile stress over the lateral epicondyle. The repeated forces are due to (1) inadequate muscle strength, power, endurance, and flexibility of the forearm muscles,(2) inadequate techniques of tennis playing, and (3) inadequate equipments.

其受伤机制为过度强烈或反覆太多的腕伸肌及外旋肌收缩造成对肘外踝的张应力；而(1)肌肉的肌力、爆发力、持久力、柔软度不足(2)不适当的系球技巧(3)不适当的器材等都是使外髁张压力增加的原因。

The constant nutritional arteries of the great saphenous vein-saphenous nerve on the medial foot: Perforator at medial side of the tendon of the tibialis anterior ,it is （2.27±0.43）cm distal to the intermalleolar line .it passes across the medial side of the tendon of the tibialis anterior and pierces the deep fascia between the upper and lower bundle of the inferior extensor retinaculum with a diameter of （0.72±0.04）mm;The length of it after piercing the deep fascia is （7.3±0.6）mm,It has an emerging rate of 95%; Perforator between tendons ,it is （3.02±0.39）cm distal to the intermalleolar line;it pierces the deep fascia between the tendons of tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus with a diameter of (0.57±0.06)mm ;The length of it after piercing the deep fascia is （7.4±0.6）mm .It has an emerging rate of 94%; A constant distal fascial perforator pierces the deep fascia between abductor hallucis muscle and medial side of first metatarsal bone （1.97±0.23）mm distal to the first metatarsophalangeal joint with a diameter of (0.50±0.03)mm.

足内侧大隐静脉-隐神经营养血管近端来自内踝前动脉较为恒定，外径较大的穿支有：踝间线远端（2.27±0.43）cm，经胫骨前肌腱内侧、伸肌下支持带上、下束间穿出，外径(0.72±0.04)mm ，穿出深筋膜的长度为（7.3±0.6）mm，出现率为95%；踝间线远端（3.02±0.39）cm，经胫骨前肌腱与趾伸肌腱穿出，外径(0.57±0.06)mm，穿出深筋膜的长度为（7.4±1.2）mm ，出现率为94%；3远端来自交通支最为恒定，外径较大的穿支于踇展肌与第一跖骨内侧缘之间穿出深筋膜，距第一跖趾并节近端（1.97±0.23）cm，直径（0.50±0.03）mm，穿出深筋膜的长度为（6.5±0.5）mm，出现率为100%。

The line of approach lies midway between the posterior border of the tibia and the medial border of the tendo calcaneus, curves inferior to the medial malleolus to the medial border of the foot, and permits exposure of both medial and posterior malleoli Fig.

切口位于胫骨后缘与跟腱内侧缘之间的中线，通过内踝下方，弧形延伸至足的内侧缘。该切口可显露内踝及后踝(图1-33C)。

The line of approach lies midway between the posterior border of the tibia and the medial border of the tendo calcaneus, cures inferior to the medial malleolus to the medial border of the foot, and permits exposure of both medial and posterior malleoli Fig.

切口位于胫骨后缘与跟腱内侧缘之间的中线，通过内踝下方，弧形延伸至足的内侧缘。该切口可显露内踝及后踝(图1-33C)。

Methods From May 2007 to Oct 2007, 13 cases of soft foot and ankle tissue coloboma were repaired or reconstructed with this flap. The perforator branch was detected and earmarked by Doppler ultrasound. The flap axis was designed as the connection of internal condyle of tibia and the middle point between inner malleolus and achilles tendon based on anatomy. The pivot was designed in the point which perforator branch perforate the deep fascia. The flap dissociation was performed upon the deep fascia and the flap thickness can be modified during the operation.

2007年5月－2008年10月应用胫后动脉内跺上穿支筋膜蒂皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损13例，术前彩色超声多普勒行内深上穿支探测并体表标记，在解剖学基础上，皮瓣轴线在胫骨内侧裸后与内踝、跟腱间中点的连线，旋转点设计在穿支穿深筋膜处，深筋膜上游离皮瓣，术中可根据受区情况适当修整皮瓣厚度。

Objective To find out stable position of medial malleolus fracture when trimalleolar fractures are treated by external fixation in dorsiflexion position.

目的 探讨外固定器背伸位固定治疗三踝骨折时使内踝骨折稳定的最佳踝关节固定位置。

Chose 30 health adults and 40 patients of chronic alcoholism of daily tippled alcohol more than 250mL and have five more years of tippling history, tested the thermal sensation threshold and vibration threshold of left hypothenar, left index finger, left instep and left first toe, and also tested the sense and motion conduction velocity of left nervus tibialis, median nerve and nervus ulnaris.

选择20例由腰椎间盘突出所致坐骨神经痛发作的患者，分别测定患者左右两侧小腿外侧和足背外缘的皮肤的温度觉和外踝的振动觉，并同时测定患侧的胫神经感觉传导速度和H反射。

FPM were classified into 3 degrees and corresponding treatments were offered on the basis of (1)The biomechanics mechanism of FPM,(2)The transposing characterization of FPM,(3)The degree that fractures injuried articular surface,(4)If surrounding tissues were injuried and the stable state of mortise.

依据(1)后踝骨折的生物力学机制；(2)后踝骨折移位的特点；(3)骨折波及关节面的损伤程度；(4)是否合并周围组织损伤及踝穴的稳定状况，将后踝骨折分为Ⅲ度，得出了与之相应的治疗方案。

Methods 6 sets of data were measured on the 166 radiograms of normal ankle joint. There were length of lateral malleolus (L1), length of tibiofibular overlapping (L2), adds of L1 and L2, three angles of difference point of medial malleolus.

测量166例正常成人踝穴位X线片上外踝长度(L1)、下胫腓重叠影的长度(L2)以及两者之和(L3)和内踝远端内下骨皮质表面不同的3点在胫骨远端骨质范围内投影的夹角，分析其相互间特点。

In contrast to mechanically passive, commercially available orthoses, we are adding actuation and control to enhance movement of hip, knee, and ankle joints.

对照已商品化的机械式被动支架，我们增加控制与驱动，以增强臀、膝盖、踝的运动力，并从健康人以慢速、中速和快速走路所量到的步伐资料，作为控制的依据。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失