路径

Introduces the notion of Feynman's path integrals and path integrals approach to financial modeling; Derives the path-dependent options pricing formula by making use of the Lagrange form of path integrals; Discusses Ilinski(2003)'s Gauge model which based on path integrals and fibre bundle, and its application for real-options evaluation; Summarizes the general modeling framework of options evaluation, taking advantage of the Hamilton form of path integrals; Applies the Geske-Johnson's analytical approximation in the path integrals form to the real-options evaluation for investment decisions, detailed procedure is presented under the assumption that underlying asset price dynamic follows a geometric Brownian motion, and the integral reduction for multivariate normal integrals and polynomial approximation for real-options evaluation is given.

系统论述了路径积分概念方法及其在期权估值中的应用，利用路径积分方法的Lagrange表述推导了路径依赖期权定价公式：探讨了基于路径积分和纤维丛的Gauge模型思想方法在实物期权价值评估中的应用；利用路径积分的Hamilton表述形式，总结了基于Hamilton表述的期权估值一般化框架；基于路径积分的形式框架建立了一个新的投资期权估值模型，并在具体的估值算法中给出了多重正态积分的降阶计算和期权价值的多项式逼近方法。

Through obtaining anonymous users' browsing path set, on the basis of the new definition of path similarity, building the users' browsing path similarity matrix, and based on this, designing anonymous users' browsing path clustering algorithm to obtain the clustering result set and calculate various cluster centers, the typical anonymous users' browsing path was got.

通过获取的匿名用户浏览路径集，依据新的路径相似度定义，建立用户浏览路径相似度矩阵，并在此基础上设计实现了匿名用户浏览路径聚类算法，获得聚类结果集，并计算各类的中心，得到典型匿名用户路径。

The fEPSP response evoked in one pathway was small, usually 20–30% of the maximu, whereas a large response, usually 80–90% of the maximum, was evoked in the strong pathway. After recording of the baseline fEPSP evoked at 0.033 Hz, LTP of the weak pathway could be associatively induced by paired stimulation of the weak and strong pathways 100 times at 6 sec intervals, with stimulation of the weak pathway preceded 3–10 msec.

在记录以0.033Hz所引发基础的兴奋性突触后电位之后，在弱的路径上可以因配合弱与强的刺激路径而引发出相关性长期增益（每六秒一次共100次，弱的刺激路径在强的刺激路径之前 3-10 ms），然而当在两个路径之间的配合时间差大於10 ms时即无法形成相关性长期增益，此类型长期增益的引发是需要依赖活化NMDA接受器的，因为给予50 mM的D，L-AP5可以阻断相关性长期增益的引发（兴奋性突触后电位为原来的105±6﹪；n=6）。

The results show that the effectiveness of Route A is better than Route B. After ARB of 7 passes, the microstructure of the specimen by Route A consists of thin elongated fibriform grains with an average size of 470 nm, but that by Route B does compressed grains with an average size of 680 nm. The improvement in tensile strength by Route A is greater than that by Route B. The strengthening mechanism of 1060 commercially pure aluminum by ARB is fine-grain strengthening.

结果显示：路径A的晶粒细化效果比路径B明显；ARB7道次后，采用路径A的试样的显微组织由拉长的细小纤维状晶粒组成，路径B的试样由扁平状晶粒组成；路径A和路径B的试样的平均晶粒尺寸分别为470nm和680nm；路径A的试样的抗拉强度提高程度大于路径B.1060工业纯铝在ARB过程中的强化机制主要是细晶强化。

The results show that mechanical heterogeneity has great influence on the J-integral of welded joint containing transverse crack. The J-integral on the path cross the interface between welded joint and base metal is higher than the J-integral on the paths in the weld metal for undermatched joint,while the J-integral on the path cross the interface between weld metal and base metal is lower than the J-integral on the paths in the weld metal for overmatched joint. Moreover,the difference of J-integral values increases with the increasing of the load and strength mismatching difference and the path-enclosed length of interface between weld metal and base metal.

计算结果表明：力学不均匀性对含横向裂纹焊接接头的J积分有重要影响，低匹配焊接接头中积分路径穿越焊缝与母材界面的J积分值高于积分路径在焊缝内的J积分值，高匹配焊接接头中积分路径穿越焊缝与母材界面的J积分值低于积分路径在焊缝内的J积分值；载荷越大，焊缝与母材的强度差别越大；积分路径中包含的焊缝与母材界面长度越大，J积分的差值越大。

In this project , the author first analyzed and decompounded the management of process of CPs so as to confirm the measuring points of evaluation; then a great number of literatures about the research dealing with the evaluation of application of CPs both in China and abroad had been reviewed.

最后应用该评价指标体系和标准，使用&现场调查法&采集了我国某医院正开展的一例临床路径管理数据，对该路径进行了全面的路径管理评价，评价发现了该院开展的这例路径的缺陷和急需解决的问题，并提出了路径改进的建议。

The algorithm encodes the XML document and XML query tree, disjoints the multiple branch pathes into single paths, queries the singe paths and uses the stack to match the single pathes which have the same ancestors in the process of matching the single paths to the multiple branch pathes.

该算法首先对XML文档树进行编码，然后对多分支路径各结点进行编号，编号后将多分支路径拆分成单路径并对单路径进行查询，利用栈匹配具有共同祖先结点的单路径查询结果，最后得到多分支路径查询结果。

This charge pump type booster circuit includes a plurality of booster paths, each of the plurality of booster paths including at least one booster capacitor, wherein a number of the booster capacitor at each of the plurality of booster paths is different between one booster path and the other booster path.

该电荷泵型升压电路包含多个升压路径，其中多个升压路径中的每个包含至少一个升压电容，其中，多个升压路径中每个路径的升压电容数目在一个升压路径和其它升压路径之间是不同的。

Comparative evaluation of the pricing strategy which induced by the single-objective and double-objective route guidance ,then the pricing result was given under the induction of double-objective route guidance , Numerical result shows that the single-objective route guidance, compared to the double-objective route guidance, will enhance the feasible region of traffic information pricing when traffic information quality is bigger than 0.1, finally, the respective interests of the profits of information users, information providers and the traffic manager who as the decision-making host separately are considered, ultimate price of the traffic information was 1.3 yuan, 2.6 yuan and 1.8 yuan.

用已建的模型对比评价了单目标和双目标两种路径诱导下的交通信息定价策略，并给出双目标路径诱导下的交通信息定价结果，研究结果表明，与双目标路径诱导相比，当交通信息质量大于0.1时，单目标路径诱导增大了交通信息定价的可行区域；最后当具有信息的出行者、交通信息提供者、交通管理者三方各自的利益为决策主体时，双目标路径诱导下交通信息的最终价格分别为1.3元、2.6元和1.8元。

Its main idea is that path planning is divided into two parts: the main path searching based on abstract road layer and the branched path searching on lower layer, which are connected as the complete path.

基本思想是把路径搜索过程分为抽象道路层的主路径搜索和分支路径搜索两个层次，并最后把两个层次获取的路径有效连接作为最终路径。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。