路堤

The mechanical mechanism of crack formation and crack growth based on partial concentration of stress of the roadbed are discussed. Crack growth is controlled by tensile stress and crack growth angle which is controlled by shear stress.

就路堤应力集中现象来讨论裂纹的形成和扩展力学机理，即裂纹扩展主要受拉应力作用，而裂纹的扩展角受剪应力的控制。

Finally comes a conclusion of this essay that the load of the compounding subgrade increases in a certain degree, the settlement of soft and weak layer becomes relatively even and the maximum settlement correspondingly reduces by such flexible loads like road bank after setting gravel pile in the soft and weak subgrade.

本文最后给出了研究结论：在软弱地基中设置碎石桩后，在路堤等柔性荷载作用下，复合地基的承载力有一定程度的提高；软弱层的沉降比较均匀，最大沉降量相应减小。

The vehicles jumping at the joint of bridge abutment and the approach will increase the traffic danger, and cause the annual maintenance cost higher than100 million US dollars.

车辆在桥台和引路路堤接合处的跳车增加了行车的危险性，并且造成每年超过一亿美元的养护费用。

Therefore, if the embankment settles due to settlement within the foundation soils, the bridge seat moves with it rather than being rigidly fixed in position by piles.

因此，如果路堤由于地基土沉降而下沉，那么桥座将随之移动而不是被桩基刚性固定在某一位置。

Red beds is a special filling contained coarse-grained soil. It's grain is easy to be shattered and the strength is very low.

因此扩大可使用的填料范围，使C组填料及其改良土也可以用作高速铁路的路堤填料，对我国的铁路建设具有重要意义。

The results show that side force, lift and overturning moment obtained by simulation and by wind tunnel test are consistent. When train travels with certain speed, the aerodynamic force and overturning moment acting on passenger car running on bridge, embankment and flat will increase greatly as cross-wind becomes larger while those increase less when the train runs on cut. Under the condition of strong cross-wind, aerodynamic force and overturning moment acting on train traveling on bridge are the largest. So the train traveling on bridge tends to overturn compared with that traveling on other three kinds of railway conditions. Aerodynamic force and moment acting on train traveling on cut are the least.

研究结果表明：侧向力、升力和倾覆力矩数值模拟结果与风洞实验结果均吻合较好；车速一定时，随着侧风速度的增大，列车在桥梁、路堤、平地上运行所受气动力和倾覆力矩均急剧增加，而在路堑上运行所受气动力及力矩增加缓慢；当侧风速度一定的情况下，客车在高桥上运行所受到的气动力及力矩最大，因此，强侧风下列车在高桥上运行较容易发生倾覆事故；在路堑上所受到的气动力相对最小。

Viaducts and retaining walls were used to solve the height problem at most built Bingjiang Roads.

已建滨江路多采用高架桥和路堤挡墙的方式解决高差问题。

And scale, height and covering area of Budongquan migrating pingos further increased in 2006. Budongquan migrating pingos not only piered and etched the highway, but also destructed the culvert, depressed ground surface, bended oil-pipeline and formed ground fracture zones.

不冻泉移动冰丘不仅穿刺青藏公路路基，破坏青藏公路桥涵结构，蚕食青藏公路路堤，影响青藏公路的交通安全；而且导致输油管道拱曲变形，诱发地面塌陷和地裂缝，产生显著的灾害效应。

In the last chapter, some available engineering methods such as lay EPS、building sun-shading shed、constructing ventilated roadbed have been studied by using numerical method and computer simulation, the effects of these engineering methods has been analyzed also.

最后，第五章探讨了提高路基热稳定性可以采用的工程措施，对铺设保温材料、修筑遮阳棚、修筑通风路堤进行了数值模拟研究，讨论分析了这些工程措施的耐久性和使用效果及条件。

In the monitored section, the monitored point is generally 1.2 meters above the ground. The monitored point close to the highway will be affected by sound shadow areas of the embankment.

在断面监测中，监测点一般离地面1.2米高，距路近的监测点会受到路堤的屏障作用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。