跨国公司

The third part of the paper has taken the auto line as example as it is the stanchion and the representative of modern industry of the national economy, and plays an important role in the countrys industrialization.

第三部分以汽车工业为例(因为汽车工业不仅是国家的支柱产业和现代工业的代表还关系到国家的工业化进程)，说明跨国公司直接投资对我国汽车工业发展的影响及应对跨国公司直接投资挑战的措施。

Setting up research center in the developing countries has been the new trend of transnational cooperation.

跨国公司在发展中国家设立研发中心已经成为跨国公司对外投资的一种新趋势。

International trade,international investment and transnational cooperation develop at full speed.

跨国公司在国际活动中己成为最活跃、最重要、最具有影响力的组织形式，跨国公司在全球范围活动的必然结果是使得国际直接投资更为频繁和剧烈。

Firstly, it seeks the sources from which theories have been developed, by a summary of evolution or a road-map. Secondly, it explains the two basic forms taken by traditional theories on intra-industry trade, namely, horizontal intra-industry trade model and vertical intra-industry trade model. Both models take final products as trade objects and products of same industry are thus simultaneously exported and imported among developed nations and among developed nations and developing ones.Thirdly, it points out that the theory of vertical intra-industry trade has already been expanded in scope in the area of trade between developed countries and LDCs. It shows that the implication of vertical intra-industry trade has expanded to the importation and exportation of parts and components, intermediate products or processing products produced via various working procedures or different production links within the same industry, with MNCs as carriers. It gives the summary of the methods of measuring intra-industry trade and argues that the basic method adopted by this thesis is G-L Index. In addition, GHM and Input-output Analysis are introduced to demonstrate the expansion of vertical intra-industry trade.

首先，通过整理国际贸易理论的发展脉络，寻求产业内贸易的理论渊源；其次，阐述产业内贸易传统理论的两种基本形式，水平型产业内贸易与垂直型产业内贸易的理论模型，指出两者都以最终产品为贸易对象，实现了发达国家之间或发达国家与发展中国家之间的同一产业内产品的同时进口和出口；第三，结合全球化的特点和跨国公司在国际要素分工中的基础作用，指出发达国家与发展中国家之间的垂直型产业内贸易理论已经得到拓展，表明垂直型产业内贸易涵义已发展成为以跨国公司为载体的同一产业内不同生产工序或不同生产环节的零部件、中间产品或加工产品的进口和出口；最后，归纳了产业内贸易的计量方法，指出本文的产业内贸易基本计量方法是G-L指数(格鲁贝尔-洛伊德计量法)，并在此基础上进一步说明与垂直型产业内贸易的拓展相关的计量方法包括：GHM计量法和Hummels投入-产出分析法。

Due to the reasons above, the risk problem in the Transnational Corporation financial management is chosen as the subject., with the help of the relevant studies of financial engineering, the risk management and the enterprise management, in this paper the antitheses, the taxonomy and the financial analysis are used to probe into how to improve the capability of risk management in Chinese Transnational Corporation and carry out the financial management based on all the risks in practice.

介于以上原因，本题在跨国公司财务管理问题研究中选择了风险问题作为写作的对象，本文运用了对比法、分类法和财务分析法等，并引入了金融工程学、风险管理学、企业管理学等相关学科的内容，从实际应用的角度出发，探讨如何提高我国跨国公司财务管理中的风险管理能力，实施各项风险基础财务管理工作。

Based on the operation period of MNCs in China, there are three kinds of model applied by MNCs.They are adaptive model, exploitive model and integrated model.

纵向研究根据在华跨国公司的经营阶段，总结出在华跨国公司所经历的三种人力资源管理模式，即一体化、当地化和全球整合模式。

In the context of economic globalization and integration,multinational corporations have become the main body of international technology transfer.The inflow of FDI invested by multinational corporations promotes the economic development in China,whereas some multinational corporations intendedly impede technology transfer and spread in order to keep the monopoly positions in certain areas at the same time.

在经济全球化、一体化的背景下，跨国公司作为国际技术转移主体的作用正在不断增强，FDI的流入的确推动了我国的经济进步，但跨国公司为了维持其在某些领域的垄断地位，还会千方百计地阻挠这种技术的转移和扩散，加上我国自身的经济结构和体制的障碍及吸收学习能力的有限，技术转移的效应可能达不到理想的理论水平。

East and West culture and theview for value will introject more comprehensive, this difference will influence talent floating, organization structure and management way for the great part. Multinational company have been more focus on research and adapt China environment after years experience. Most multinational companies become more alike local company after implemented the localizable strategy.

中西方文化和价值观将进行更加广泛的融合，文化和价值观的差异将对人才的流动，组织结构和内部管理方式产生一定的影响，经过多年的经验，跨国公司特别注重研究和适应中国的环境，在大力实施本土化经营策略后，有的跨国公司比&中国公司还中国化&。

As far as subcompany of multinational corporation in China be concerned, whose investment motivation needs to satisfy the resource appearance matching that need , another aspect that system integrates in the inside of multinational corporation provide be obliged to with China on one hand.

就跨国公司在华子公司而言，其投资动机一方面要满足跨国公司内部体系整合的需要，另一方面又必须与中国提供的资源相匹配。

The multinational corporation sets up overseas subcompany in the host country , whose draws support from field of the host country predestined relationship advantage with a view to , realizes multinational corporation the whole world allocation of resources optimization and overall profit maximization.

内容摘要：跨国公司在东道国设立海外子公司，其目的在于借助东道国的地缘优势，实现跨国公司全球资源配置的最优化和整体利润的最大化。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。