足关节

The tarsal joint of the hind leg of a digitigrade quadruped, such as a horse, corresponding to the human ankle but bending in the opposite direction.

跗关节马等跗行四足动物后腿的跗关节，与人类的踝关节类似但弯曲方向相反

Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails; hind feet slightly longer than forefeet.

脚趾紧凑，上部裂开，趾关节高，趾甲短而粗硬。后足爪比前足爪略长。

These include fluid within the tendon sheath, fluid withinthe medial or lateral bursae, sinus tarsi syndrome, periostitisat the insertion of the flexor retinaculum on the tibia, hindfootvalgus, subtalar and talonavicular malalignment, and accessorynavicular bone.

这些包括腱鞘内、内外侧滑膜内水分滞留，跗骨窦综合症、屈肌支持带的胫骨侧附着处骨膜炎、后足外翻、距下关节和距舟关节排列不整及副舟骨。

The femorotibial angle and lateral joint space were measured on the standing anteroposterior film （single-foot loading and double-feet loading） of knee in order to compare the changes of them.

分别在静念译足和双足站立位膝关节正位X线片上测量股骨-胫骨角度数和胫股关节外侧间隙宽度。

The level of PGE was assayed by spectrophotometer; Meanwhile, 3H-TdR incorporation method was used to detect ConA- and LPS- induced splenocytes proliferation and the production of interleukin-1 and IL-2. The content of antibodies to CII was determined by ELISA method. Pathological examination of articulus tissue was observed by Hematoxylin-eosin stain.

检测小鼠足爪肿胀度并对炎症进行评分；测定胸腺指数和脾脏指数；~3H-TdR参入法检测胸腺、脾淋巴细胞增殖反应；~3H-TdR参入法测定白细胞介素-1(interleukin-1，IL-1)和IL-2水平；ELISA法测定小鼠血清中抗CⅡ抗体含量；分光光度法检测足爪局部产生的前列腺素水平；HE染色法对关节组织作病理检查。

Arthroscopic elimination of monosodium urate deposition of the first metatarsophalangeal joint reduces the recurrence of gout.

关节镜清除第一跖趾关节的痛风晶体可降低痛风关节炎急性发作次数，并增加足部和踝部功能。

The talonavicular joint presents a large range of 3D motion and plays a significant role in the 3D motion of forefoot and the twisting motion of pedal plate, in addition it can compensate the dorsi-plantar flexion limitation of the ankle joint.

距舟关节具有较大的三维运动范围，在前足的三维运动和足板的扭曲变形运动中发挥重要作用，并对踝关节的跖屈－背屈运动具有一定的代偿作用。

Methods Twelve fresh adult cadaveric feet were selected for experimental fatigue testing to establishing experimental metatarsal fatigue fracture model, specimens were removed soft tissue and the first toes and diaphysises of the first metatarsal bone, reserved ligaments articular capsules , the first tarsometatarsal joints, steel wire substituted the plantar aponeurosis.

材料和方法 12例健康成人新鲜足标本，剔除软组织，保留韧带、关节囊。去除足第一跖骨干及相连拇指，钢丝足底固定，替代足底腱膜，包埋标本并固定于MTS试验机上，对标本进行疲劳载荷实验，载荷为350N，循环加载频率为1Hz。

Forelegs are straight and strong with great length between elbow and pastern; elbows well held in; forefeet large in both length and width; toes well arched; feet covered with long thick hair; fine in texture; pasterns long and straight; pads of feet unusually large and well down on the ground.

前 肢直而结实，从肘部到骹骨的长度很大，肘部贴合身体，前足爪的长度和宽度都很大，脚趾圆拱，足爪上覆盖着浓厚的长被毛，质地精细，骹骨长而直，脚垫非常大且支撑在地面上。肩关节角度恰当，使腿在身体下方合适的位置。

Forelegsarestraight and strong with great length between elbow andpastern;elbowswell held in; forefeet large in both length and width;toes wellarched;feet covered with long thick hair; fine in texture;pasternslong andstraight; pads of feet unusually large and well down ontheground.

前肢直而结实，从肘部到骹骨的长度很大，肘部贴合身体，前足爪的长度和宽度都很大，脚趾圆拱，足爪上覆盖着浓厚的长被毛，质地精细，骹骨长而直，脚垫非常大且支撑在地面上。肩关节角度恰当，使腿在身体下方合适的位置。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。