超导的

As a kind of excellent cryogen,liquid nitrogen has been widely used in many fields,such as the aerospace,electronic engineering,cooling of superconducting magnet and superconducting power cable,cryo-medicine,etc.

作为一种优良的低温冷却剂，液氮在航天、电子工业、超导磁体和超导电缆冷却及低温生物医疗等领域应用广泛。

This course provides a phenomenological approach to superconductivity, with emphasis on superconducting electronics.

本课程提供超导特性的现象学描述方法，并着重在超导电子学领域。

Superconducting function: Niobium-titanium alloy demonstrates superconducting function of zero resistance when it is lower than critical temperature.

超导功能：铌-钛合金在温度低于临界温度时，呈现出零电阻的超导功能。

ABSTRACT The aim of the project is to prepare the high temperature superconducting thin films which can satisfy the need of future applications in the field of power transmission. By using biaxially textured Ni (001) and Ag (110) as substrates, the YBCO films with high critical current were obtained under the optimized deposition conditions. Some results were obtained as follows: We developed a simple approach to prepare YBCO films doped with Ag nanograins.

本工作的研究目的是在金属基带上制备出能够满足未来超导强电应用的超导薄膜小样品，其具体的做法是在双轴织构的Ni（001）和Ag（110）基带上外延YBCO高温超导薄膜，经过不断地优化工艺条件，我们得到如下结果：发展了一种在YBCO薄膜中掺入Ag颗粒的方法，这种方法具有可以随时改变掺杂量的特点。

The SiC-doped MgB2 superconductor has been a hot spot in superconducting field due to its excellent superconductive properties.

SiC掺杂MgB2体系由于其优异的超导性能而受到普遍关注并成为超导领域中一大研究热点，但是目前的研究大多集中在SiC对MgB2超导性能的影响上，对SiC的加入对MgB2烧结过程的影响研究很少。

The superconductivity of Sc5Co4Si10 is attributed to the large density of state at Fermi level,especially for Sc5Rh4Si10 and Sc5Ir4Si10. The low-temperature specific heat coefficients for Sc5Rh4Si10 and Sc5Ir4Si10 could not fit the expectably transition temperature. This is what we are interested in.

Sc5Co4Si10超导形成的原因为在费米面附近有很大的态密度，因此推测Sc5Rh4Si10 及Sc5Ir4Si10会有更大的态密度，但是Sc5Rh4Si10 及Sc5Ir4Si10藉由量测低温比热所推测出的超导温度却无法和实际超导温度相近，因此这引起了我们的兴趣。

The USM is a kind of new electrical motor which develops in recent 20 years, it broke through the traditional concept of electrical motor. It didn"t have the electromagnetism winding and the magnetic circuit, and it didn"t uses the mutually electromagnetism to transform the energy, moreover, the volume of electrical motor is small, the weight is light, the transfer efficiency is high. For it was so small, so light, and so thin, it have begun to use on automobile. But the usage of superconductivity electrical motor is still in the experimental stage at present. The main reason is that the super conductivity material has not realized the high temperature, but with the development of technical, the possibly uses of superconductivity electrical motor in the big horsepower like automobile generator and on actuation electrical motor causes the electrical machinery to be smaller in volume, lighter in weight, and higher in efficiency.

超声波电机是近二十年来发展起来的一种新型电机，它突破了传统电机的概念，没有电磁绕组和磁路，不用电磁相互作用来转换能量，体积小、重量轻、转换效率高，很小、很轻、很薄，在汽车上已经开始使用；超导电机的使用目前还处在实验阶段，这主要的原因是超导材料还没有实现高温化，但是，随着技术的发展，超导电机可能使用在汽车的起动机和驱动电机这些大马力上，使原有的电机体积更小，重量更轻，效率更高。

The author prepared bulk SmBaCuO single crystals with 5×5×5mm〓 by MTG method. The SmBaCuO crystals were proved by X-ray diffraction and X-ray back-reflection Laue technique. SmBaCuO crytal became 90K zero resistance superconductor by the study of the relation of transition temperatures and heat treatment conditions.

采用MTG法及其它类似的方法制备的YBCO超导体的小样品具有很好的超导电性能，但要使YBCO超导体获得实际应用，必须制备超导电性能优异的大块YBCO超导材料，采用籽晶诱导技术是制备高性能大块YBCO超导体的有效方法，因此，制备较大尺寸高质量的〓〓单晶是籽晶诱导技术成败的关键，作者用MTG工艺制备了尺寸达5×5×5mm〓的大块〓单晶，X-ray衍射及X-ray劳埃像法证明MTG法制备的〓晶体具有很好的单晶特性。

One of the most hopeful application fields of high temperature superconductorYBCO is superconducting magnetic bearing.

高温超导块材最有希望应用的领域之一是超导磁悬浮轴承。

The high-temperature superconducting transformer is one of the most promising superconducting applications in power systems.

高温超导变压器是高温超导技术在电力系统中的重要应用领域之一。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。