超几何的

With respect to phonetics, Distinctive Features for the phonetic syncopation of spatial information are extracted based on Bertin's retinal variables. The importance of geographic reality, cognitive laws and geometric laws in the syncopation is pointed out following the thorough inspection of the physical characteristics of spatial information and a phonetic hierarchy of phoneme、 phoneme combination is proposed after the summarization of different methods of syncopation in Psychology, Pattern Recognition, Mathematic Morphology and Cartography, which provides linguistic interpretation for cartographic symbol design and understanding. With respect to the property that map symbol is represented as the combination of attribute and geometry in digital form of spatial information, suprasegmental phoneme as unit is proposed which deals with the high level phonetic units and their structure with the bend of curve and the simple area of complex area as primitive.

在语音结构方面，基于Bertin的视觉变量，提取了产生空间信息语音切分的区别特征；对空间信息的物理特征进行了详尽分析，指出了地理真实、认知规律和几何规律在语音切分中的重要作用；在总结心理学、模式识别、数学形态学和地图学等相关切分理论的基础上，提出了空间信息音位系统以及音位组合规律，为地图符号设计与理解提供了语言学解释；针对地图符号通常在空间信息中表现为属性和形态相结合的特点，提出在超音段音位层次上重点关注以线切分单元——弯曲和复杂面切分单元——弯曲构成的简单面为基本元素的语音高级层次及其结构。

But because it don't consider geometric meaning that the over-determined equation set is represent for,the precision of point object measured is low.

针对空间点目标的三维重构，传统的方法是采用最小二乘法进行的，但是由于最小二乘法没有考虑所建立的超定方程组所代表的几何意义，所以计算出的点坐标精度不高。

Aiming at three-dimensional construction of point object,lease square-method is usually used in traditional method.But because it don't consider geometric meaning that the over-determined equation set is represent for,the precision of point object measured is low.

针对空间点目标的三维重构，传统的方法是采用最小二乘法进行的，但是由于最小二乘法没有考虑所建立的超定方程组所代表的几何意义，所以计算出的点坐标精度不高。

Tectonic subsidence play dominant role in their geometric shapes, basin fillings, sequence evolution and sediment distribution in the Wushi Sag. Outline of the sequences are in shape of box-wedge or sheet-wedge and boundaries of sequences are varied from bilateral fault to monoclinal fault overlap, so that the sequences show distinct semigrabens which overlay in different ways. Seven sequences were formed in different stage of tectonic evolution. The sequence of SQ1 formed in initial rift stage and deposited alluvial sequence. Sequences SQ2-SQ4 developed in intense rift stage and sediment lacustrine sequence. Sequences SQ5-SQ7 formed in late period of rift before thermal subsidence and deposit mere and delta sediment. The place adjacent to the synsedimentary fault is the subsidence center and depocenter; meanwhile, controlling fracture migrates in horizontal made subsidence and sedimentary center of the sag changed.

构造沉降是控制层序几何形态，充填叠置方式、演化及沉积体系分布的最重要因素：凹陷由多个半地堑在不同层序发育时期以不同方式叠置联结而成；受断层控制，层序外部形态有箱状-楔形、楔形-席状披覆型，边界终止方式有双断终止型、单断终止超覆型；不同构造演化阶段层序内部充填的沉积体系各具特征，初始断陷阶段的SQ1沉积冲积层序，强烈断陷阶段的SQ2-SQ4充填湖相层序，晚期断陷阶段SQ5-SQ7内部充填浅湖和河流三角洲沉积；同沉积断层陡坡带沉降迅速、可容纳空间快速增长，是凹陷的沉积和沉降中心，断陷期主控断裂活动时间和空间的变化导致了凹陷沉积和沉降中心的迁移。

A problem of cable force optimization of cable-stayed bridge is equated as a nonlinear implicit optimization model. In the mathematical model, the object function is minimizing summation of bending strain energy and axial strain energy, and the constrain conditions are nonlinear and related to reasonable finished dead state. The optimization model is solved by projection gradient method, fully considering all kinds geometric nonlinearity.

把超千米级斜拉桥的索力优化问题归结为非线性隐式优化的数学模型，以系统最小弯压应变能为目标，根据合理成桥状态指定各种非线性约束条件，利用投影梯度法进行优化问题的求解，求解过程中充分考虑了各种几何非线性的影响。

If theharmonic index is finite,then each end may be represented by a non-constant positiveharmonic function,and these functions compose a partition of unity.For minimalhypersurfaces with finite total scalar curvature,we can explicitly estimate the harmonicindex.Moreover,the space of bounded harmonic functions are exactly generated bythose functions associated to each end.This gives geometric interpretations of the ends.

若调和指标有限，则每个端均可由一非常值的调和函数代表，它们形成了一个单位分解，对于全纯量曲率有限的极小超曲面，我们明确地估计了调和指标，进一步，有界调和函数正好由代表端的那些调和函数所生成，这就给出了端的几何解释。

The multipath effect is an avoidless problem which the tracking radar and the searching radar among CIWS has to face. This paper analyses the form of the multipath effect on geometry, emphasizes the distance difference between the direct wave and the reflected wave, according to this inherent characteristic, the paper introduces the theory of HRR to the design of radars among CIWS, discusses the spike pulse technology and ultra wide hand technology which often be used, finally proposes the method of time-frequency code to obtain the high range resolution and avoid the multipath effect.

多路径效应是近程反导武器系统中的搜索雷达和跟踪雷达均无法避免的问题，文中分析了多路径效应形成的几何原理，并根据多路径效应中的直射波与反射波具有路程差的固有特性，将高距离分辨率雷达信号理论引入到近程反导武器系统的雷达中，讨论了实现高距离分辨率的窄脉冲和超宽带技术，最后提出了目前较易实现的时间－频率码合成高距离分辨率的办法。

Supported by the National Science Foundation of China, this thesis concentrates on the image sparse representation theories, methods and the image processing applications based on sparse representation. We make deeply study for the applications based on multiscale geometry analysis, theories of overcomplete sparse image representation and its applications, theories of sparse image representation via combined transforms and its applications.

本文在国家自然科学基金项目&联合基图像稀疏表示理论研究及其应用&的资助下，针对图像稀疏表示理论、方法以及基于稀疏表示的图像处理应用问题，重点围绕多尺度几何分析在图像处理中的应用、基于冗余字典的超完备图像稀疏表示理论及应用、组合变换图像稀疏表示理论及应用等内容进行了探索性的研究。

At this stage, the deposited Mn either cooperates into the 3D Pb capped Mn islands, and promotes the upright growth of the 3D Pb capped Mn islands, or nucleates and growths on the MnTe superstructure area.

这个阶段中，沉积的Mn原子部分在MnTe超结构区域成核生长；部分则吸附于Pb覆盖的Mn岛表面，促进岛的纵向生长，但并不改变岛的其他性质（包括岛的横向大小、几何形状及表层成分等）。

In order to find out how the branch structure affected the characteristic of shockwave propagation, LS-DYNA software was used to compute, and simulate certain shockwave propagating through the branch tunnels with different angle, and the overpressure/momentum bench mark to measure "plane wave" was proposed.

为了研究几何分叉结构对冲击波传播特性的影响，利用LS-DYNA三维数值模拟计算程序，对同一弱冲击波通过不同角度的两向分叉巷道时传播、衰减的情况行了数值模拟，并提出了超压／冲量准则来衡量&平面波&。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。