起搏

After implanted the physiological pacemakers, the cerebral ischemic symptoms of the patients including amaurosis, syncope, swirl and so on disappeared, cardiac dysfunction and the exercise capacity improved.

非生理性起搏器植入术后脑缺血症状消失率为84.2％，心功能不全发生率明显高于生理性起搏组，12.3％的患者有起搏器综合征。

After implanted the physiological pacemakers, the cerebral ischemic symptoms of the patients including amaurosis, syncope, swirl and so on disappeared, cardiac dysfunction and the exercise capacity improved. No pacing syndrome and no pacemaker intervened tachycardia was observed.

DDD起搏器植入术后患者脑血管缺血症状全部消失，心功能不全明显改善，运动耐量也明显提高，无起搏器综合征、起搏器介导的心动过速的发生。

Results A total of 51 cases of patients with 6 cases of pacemaker dysfunction occurred: Pacing electrode catheter dislocation example 1 (1.9%), electrode fracture example 1 (1.9%), electrode insulation layer breakdown of example 1 (1.9%), 4 cases of perceptual dysfunction (7.8%), pacemaker-mediated tachycardia I example (1.9%), adopted to adjust the pacing parameters or replacement of pacemakers and pacing electrode catheter, pacing function returned to normal; 5-year follow-up, 3 cases of capsular hematoma and capsular rupture (5.9%), out by local hematocele, antibiotic rinse, closed cavity, in severe cases, re-incision and drainage to remove blood clots after compression bandaging article, in severe cases of infection, clear sinus, closed cavity, catheter inserted in the contra-lateral re-production of capsular bag implantation of pacemaker, to strengthen the anti-inflammatory treatment, made a very good effect. Two cases with pacemaker syndrome, 13 cases with cardiac dysfunction, 8 cases with cerebral infarction.

结果：51例患者中共有6例发生起搏器功能异常：起搏电极导管脱位、电极断裂、电极绝缘层破裂起搏器介导的心动过速各1例(1.9%)，感知功能障碍4例(7.8%)，通过程控或更换起搏器和起搏电极导管后，起搏功能恢复正常。5年随访中，囊袋血肿、囊袋破溃者3例(5.9%)，经局部抽出积血，抗生素冲洗，严重者重新手术后取得很好疗效；2例患者出现起搏器综合征，13例患者出现心功能不全，8例患者并发脑梗死。

Regarding to different successful ablation monitoring indicatives, patients were divided into ablation group in traditional methodand ablation group with atria pacemaking showing slow pathway conduction block as successful ablation indicative.86of groupⅰ presented junction rhythm in dischargeing 15s or early pacemade then consecutively discharged 60～90 seconds; in groupⅱ 67 patients after dischargeing 15s showed junction rhythm or after early pacemaking delayed dischargeing to 20s then stopped dischargeing.

按不同的有效消融判断指标分为传统方法消融组和以心房起搏显示慢径前传导阻滞作为有效消融指标消融组。i组86例在放电后15 s内以出现交界心律或早搏后继续放电60~90 s；ii组67例放电15 s内出现交界心律或早搏后延迟放电至20 s停止放电，以术前av1﹕1最短间期心房刺激（s1s1）显示慢径前传阻滞后停止起搏继续放电至60 s。

In the Automatic Pacer Testing Mode, measurements are performed semiautomatically on seven parameters: pacer rate, pacer width, pacer amplitude, pacing refractory interval, sensing refractory interval, sensitivity, and A-V delay.

在自动起搏器测试模式，测量演出半自动对七个参数：起搏器率，起搏器宽度，起搏器振幅，起搏难治区间，传感难治区间，灵敏度，和AV 拖延。

METHODS: 24 rabbits were divided into four groups: control group; rapid pacing group; adenosine perfusing group; selective adenosine receptor antagonist perfusing group. The index of observed: time of repolarization in monophase action potential (APD90); the active level of A1 adenosine receptor; the level of free calcium in the atrium cells and the ability of atrium cell to release calcium.

新西兰白兔24只，随机分为4组：①对照组：常规克氏液灌流，②腺苷灌流组：灌流液中加入2umol/L的腺苷，③心房快速起搏组：常规克氏液灌流+心房快速起搏，④腺苷受体拮抗剂干预组：克氏液+DPCPX（100nmol/L）灌流+心房快速起搏；观察指标：①起搏前后心房肌单相动作电位复极时间的变化；②起搏组和对照组的心房肌腺苷A〓受体活性对比；③心房肌细胞内游离钙含量以及氯化钾激动后钙释放能力对比。

There was no difference of plasma ANP and BNP levels between physiological pacing and nonphysiological pacing. No difference of daily physical activity scale between them.

生理性起搏与非生理性起搏患者之间血浆ANP、BNP水平无显著差异，生理性起搏患者的生理活动量并不优于非生理性起搏。3。

The frequencies of the pacemaker currents from gastric and small intestinal ICC are very similar to the frequencies of rhythmic contraction in murine gastric and small intestinal smooth muscles; ICC network generates higher- amplitude, stabler and more rhythmic pacemaker currents than single ICC does; low concentration of intracellular free calcium is an important factor for generating pacemaker current; calmodulin is involved in the inhibitory regulation of the pacemaker current.

小鼠胃和小肠ICC产生的起搏电流频率与小鼠胃和小肠自律运动的频率非常接近；网络ICC产生的起搏电流比单个ICC稳定、幅度高、频率快； ICC内游离钙浓度的降低是产生起搏电流的重要因素；钙调蛋白在ICC内参与起搏电流的抑制性调节。

DCG has a long period of time to monitor and more chance to find pacing abnormality,especially DCG with pules mark is better for analysis pacing function.

起搏器埋置后，起搏及感知功能异常多为间歇性发生，DCG监测时间较长，结石发现起搏功能异常的机率较多，特别是带有脉冲标记的对于分析起搏功能异常帮助更大。

The P wave duration and P 2R interval were increased while pacing at right atrial appendage 1 The activation time from pacing site to His bundle and coronary sinus was the longest in pacing at right atrial appendage , while the activation time in pacing at Koch triangle , Koch triangle with high right atrium and biatria was significantly shorter especially pacing at Koch triangle and Koch triangle with high right atrium1 There were no significant differences in right atrium pressure among all pacings1 Conclusion It is suggested that Koch triangle pacing could probably replace high right atrial with coronary sinus pacing and biatrial pacing 1

从心房激动顺序分析，右心耳起搏时，激动传至希氏束区及冠状窦区的时间最长，而 Koch三角、Koch三角+高位右房及双房起搏时则较短，尤其是 Koch三角、Koch三角+高位右房起搏缩短更明显。另外，不同部位、不同方式起搏时右心房压力无差异。结论 Koch三角起搏在某种程度上可替代高位右房+冠状窦起搏及双房起搏。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失