起始的

The genera formulas of these compounds are as follows:The strobilurin derivatives were synthesized from substitutedβ-keto esters (2) as starting material which were prepared from substituted ketones (1) and dimethyl carbonate. The ester (2) and methyl hydrazine or substituted amidine were dissolved in methanol and the mixture was heated to reflux to obtain the substituted 5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole (3) or 4-hydroxy-pyrimidine (4). The title compounds were prepared by reacting the intermediates (3 and 4) with substituted halomethylphenyls which contain four active group under basic conditions.

本论文所合成的strobilurin化合物均是以β-酮酸酯类化合物(2)为起始原料合成的，该中间体(2)是由酮类化合物(1)与碳酸二甲酯在碱性条件下反应生成的，中间体(2)与甲基肼或取代脒类化合物在甲醇中回流制得取代的1H-5-羟基吡唑(3)或4-羟基嘧啶(4)，中间体(3和4)再与包含四种活性基的苄卤中间体在碱性条件下制得目标化合物。

A series of novel bile acid derivatives as potential hepato-biliary and intestinal scintigraphy imaging SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) tracers were prepared from bile acids by es-terification, aminolysis of esters and alkylation of amino groups.

以胆酸、鹅去氧胆酸为起始原料，经羧基的酯化、酯的胺解以及氨基的烷基化，合成了一系列潜在的针对肝胆显像和肠显像的SPECT (Single photon emission computed tomography)分子探针前体。

The paper alse proposes that" there occurs anorogenic alkali-granite conter-overstep distribution in Altay orogenic belt" with was resulted from conter-moving of tensional stress, and the bundary of conter-overstep distribution could be used as a sign to determin suture belt of ancient plates.

本文同时还提出了&阿尔泰造山带存在有非造山富碱花岗岩反向超伏分布&的新观点，产生非造山富碱花岗岩反向超伏分布的机制是地幔上穹引起的张性应力逆向推移，并认为非造山富碱花岗岩反向超伏的起始界线可做为确定古板块缝合线的重要依据之一。

The new policy is that all sites involved in the synthesis of the substance starting from the declared starting material are included on the CEPs.

新政策要求从声明的起始物料开始的物质的合成涉及到的所有的场地都要包括在 CEPs 中。

The synthesis of the intermediate amidetriazinone was a crucial step in the synthesis of triazinone. Ethyl acetate was used as the initial material then was carried out for five steps hydrazine hydrate, triphosgene, chloroacetone, hydrazine hydrate respectively with the yield of 59.8%.

三嗪酮类化合物的合成关键是中间体氨基三嗪酮，本文以乙酸乙酯为起始原料，经过酯的肼解、成环反应、胺的烷基化、酮和肼的缩合、酰胺的水解五步反应合成中间体氨基三嗪酮，其收率达59.8%。

Aspergillus WQ is selected to explore the factors which affect producing enzymes. The best carbon source is crystallitic cellulose+straw powder, the best nitrogen source is peptone+yeast abstract cream, the best growing temperature is 35℃and the best initial pH is 5.5. WQ can produce the largest quantity of enzymes after being cultivated eight days.

从50℃左右牛粪自然堆肥中筛选了一株产酶量较高的曲霉WQ，对影响其产纤维素酶的因素和酶的热稳定性进行了初步研究，结果表明：液体发酵时，该菌最佳碳源是微晶纤维素+稻草粉组成的复合碳源，最佳氮源是蛋白胨+酵母膏的复合氮源，最适生长温度为35℃，最适起始pH值为5.5，在生长第8天产酶量最高。

We propose that, in inducing pluripotency, the number of reprogramming factors can be reduced when using somatic cells that endogenously express appropriate levels of complementing factors.

之所以有可能这样，是因为这些神经细胞比胚胎干细胞表达更高水平的内生Sox2 和 c-Myc，这说明具有适当匹配的转录因子的体细胞是生成iPS细胞的一个潜在有用的起始点。

Because our factory maintenance group does not have so much to adjust the calibration device that is only accessible through a little bit of it quite a bit, by virtue of epigene to correction book block fixture in the starting position as that of the previously mentioned yellow line stays the same, in the end makes the book block of location and book letter tuishou movement, between the individual parts up after the power on everything works.

因为本厂维修组没有那么多的调节校准设备，只能通过一点点的摸索，凭借外力来校正书芯夹具的起始位置，使其与上面提到的黄线保持一致，最终使得书芯夹具上的定位螺杆与书封推手之间同步运行，将各个零部件接好后，开机一切正常。

A large drop in hardness appears in as deformed samples at a temperature 45 ℃ lower than the start temperature of the exothermal peak after isochronal annealing, indicating that the recrystallization and grain growth process is closely relatine to annealing time and temperatur.

出现明显晶粒长大的温度较DSC曲线显示的放热峰起始温度低45℃左右，这主要是由于变形组织的回复再结晶过程是退火温度与时间的函数，降低处理温度并延长处理时间能达到与高温短时处理相同的效果。

Good thermal stability and self-extinguishing behavior was observed with the cured polybenzoxazine resins. Second, furan-containing benzoxazine monomers, P-FBz, BPA-FBz, and 4FP-FBz were prepared using furfurylamine as a raw material. Formation of furfurylamine Mannich bridge networks in the polymerizations of P-FBz and BPA-FBz increased the cross-linking densities and thermal stability of the resulting polybenzoxazines. P-FBz and BPA-FBz- based polymers also exhibited high glass transition temperatures above 300℃, high char yields, and low flammability with a limited oxygen index value of 31. The dielectric (Dk3.21–3.39) and mechanical properties (high storage modulus of 3.0–3.9 GPa and low coefficient of thermal expansion of 37.7– 45.4 ppm) of the P-FBz and BPA-FBz-based polymers were superior or comparable to other polybenzoxazines. 4FP-FBz used for polybenzo- xazine modification by means of formation of benzoxazine hybridation with P-FBz.

第二部份以2-呋喃甲胺为起始物，制备了P-FBz、4FP-FBz与BPA-FBz 三个含呋喃官能基之氧代氮代苯并环己烷的单体；BPA-FBz与P-FBz於开环聚合中形成之Mannich bridge网状结构有效地提升聚氧代氮代苯并环己烷聚合物之交联密度与热安定性；Poly与Poly具有大於300℃之玻璃转移温度、高的焦炭生成率与具有31之极限氧指数(Limited oxygen index， LOI)的难燃性特质，Poly与Poly之介电常数(Dk=3.21~3.39)与机械性质[3.0~3.9 GPa的储存模数与37.7~45.4ppm之低热膨胀系数( Low coefficient of thermal expansion， Low CTE)]均较其他聚氧代氮代苯并环己烷为优；4FP-FBz具有低之介电常数(Dk=2.7)，以其作为降低介电常数之反应型改质剂，与P-FBz混成，证实可有效地降低Poly的介电常数。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。