起始的

The first asymmetric total synthesis of coumarinolignoids Daphneticin and it's enantiomer was accomplished starting from 7-hydroxycoumarin and 3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde, in which Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxy reaction was used to construct chiral center, and Mitsunobu reaction was used to obtain desired configuration.

并以7-羟基香豆素和3，4，5-三甲氧基苯甲醛为起始原料，用Sharpless不对称双羟化反应构筑手性中心，用Mitsunobu偶联反应作为关键步骤，合成了手性的香豆素木脂素Daphneticin及其异构体。

The above-mentioned T8 glass-ceramic showed only 25 % decrease in IR transmittance, 17 % increase in hardness, 61 increase in dilatometric softening point, and 19 % increase in Young s modulus.

上述试片之IR穿透率与T8起始玻璃比较，仅下降了25 %，但硬度上升了17%；与未添加成核剂的玻璃比较，膨胀仪软化点上升约61℃，杨氏系数上升约19 %。

The first asymmetric synthesis of trans-β-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactones:-(3R, 4R, 5S)-4-(1-acetoxy-isopropyl)-3-hydroxy-butyrolactone 65a was achieved starting from isobutylaldehyde through nine steps. The key steps involve the construction of three chiral carbon centers by the Sharpless's asymmetric epoxidation and Substrate directable chemical reaction.

以异丁醛为起始原料，经过九步反应首次设计合成了具有三个手性中心的trans-β-羟基-γ-丁内酯：-（3R，4〓，5S）-4-（1-乙酰氧基-异丙基）-3-羟基-丁内酯65a，关键步骤是Sharpless不对称环氧化和底物定向不对称合成反应。

Initial intervention for any patient who is dyspneic .

这是对于任何呼吸困难病人的起始处理。

Results A lot of lysosome and vesicles existed in endothelia of hepatic initial lymph vessels.

结果 肝起始淋巴管内皮细胞中富含溶酶体和质膜小泡，小泡的数密度为39.80个／μm3，体密度为0.028。

Using pentaerythritol as initiator, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate as catalyst.dichloroethane as dispersion agent, the chloride polyether polyol is synthesized based on the mechanism of cationic ring-opening polymerization of epiclilnrohyclrin.The azide polyether polyol is synthesized, in DMF through A and sodium azide, and the non-reported azide energetic curing agent is synthesized through the adduction of B and IIDI.

以季戊四醇为起始剂，三氟化硼乙醚为催化剂，1，2—二氯乙烷为分散剂，环氧氯丙烷经阳离子开环聚合反应制成氯化聚醚多元醇，A在N，N—二甲基甲酰胺中与叠氮化钠反应制得叠氮聚醚多元醇，B与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯加成反应制得未见文献报道的叠氮固化剂。

9H2O, and niobium ethoxide Nb(OC2H5)5 as starting materials, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (C3H8O2) as the solvent. 0.1BiFeO3-0.9SrBi2Nb2O9 thin films were prepared on fused quartz substrates using sol-gel processing.

9H2O和乙醇铌[Nb(OC2H5)5]作为起始原料，乙二醇甲醚[C3H8O2]作为溶剂配制掺Fe的SrBi2Nb2O9前驱体溶液，利用溶胶－凝胶法在石英衬底上制备出0.1BiFeO3-0.9SrBi2Nb2O9铁电薄膜。

Tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy) glutaric anhydride, as an important drug intermediate, is synthesized from citric acid by decarboxylation, reduction, hydroxyl protection, esterolysis, cyclization, with the total yield of 30.3%.

介绍了以柠檬酸为起始原料合成3-戊二酸酐的方法。该路线经脱羧反应、加氢还原、羟基保护、酯水解和再闭环，以总收率为30.3%得到目的产物。

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is an unusual subtype of gastric cancer and leptomeningeal metastases are rarely the initial manifestation.

胃的肝样腺癌为一较不寻常之胃癌且很少以软脑膜转移为其起始表现。

The effects of the dosage of H2O2 , initial concentration of humic acid, and initial pH were investigated.

探讨了H2O2浓度、腐殖酸初始浓度和起始溶液pH对反应速率的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。