赤道的

Most of the China South Seas situated around the magnetic equator, belong to the low magnetic latitude area, where rocks are magnetized horizontally and the property of the Δ T is different with the other areas of Chinese Mainland.

我国的南海大部分海域位于磁赤道带附近，属于低磁纬度区域，以水平磁化为主，磁性体产生的Δ T 异常特征与中国大陆广大地区的Δ T 异常特征差别较大，且南北跨度大，达两千余公里，通常的化极技术在该区域很难取得良好的效果，虽然化赤方法在低纬度地区算法稳定，并通常能取得较好的结果，但是目前针对化赤异常的解释技术却相对较少；本文结合南海地区的航磁数据，对几种常用的化极技术进行了对比与分析，并对化赤技术进行了简要的介绍。

Much of the fascination of Ethiopia lies in its myriad historical sites, the obelisks and stele of Axum, the churches and coptic monasteries in the Tigre, in the Lake Tana isles and in the Lalibela: the African Jerusalem with its monolithic churches46; In Ethiopia there are also nine national parks, two of which include the mountain groups of the Simien and the Bale, while the others lie in the Rift Valley towards Kenya46; The unforeseeable wild landscapes are surely the main attraction of these parks, where many of the animal species are protected, and some of them are endemic to the area46; The proximity of Ethiopia to the Equator and the variety of its habitats make it one of the richest countries in Africa in wild bird life46

埃塞俄比亚这个国家最让人神往的便是它无数的历史古迹，方尖石塔，阿克苏姆石碑，教堂，塔纳湖岛Tigre的科普特人修道院，以及拉利贝拉的非洲耶路撒冷的岩石教堂。在埃塞俄比亚还有9个国家公园，其中两座公园包括塞米恩山和贝尔山山群，其他的则坐落在东非大裂谷接近肯尼亚。一望无际的土地就是这些公园吸引游客的地方，这里有很多被保护的动物物种，其中有些动物是这个地区特有的。埃塞俄比亚靠近赤道，它栖息地的各种各样使得这个国家成为南非野生鸟类最多的国家之一。

Resultantly, the individual warm/cold events in ENSO cycle appear to be partially locked to the annual cycle, and also exhibit obvious irregularity both in amplitude and in lasting time.

本文第四章研制设计了一包含海洋表面边界层和大气辐合反馈过程的热带太平洋海气耦合异常模式，进而利用该模式对ENSO循环进行了较为真实的模拟，通过对模式ENSO循环的演变特征及其形成机制的细致分析，建立了-ENSO循环的非线性分析模式，并提出了ENSO循环形成的一种更为客观的理论，指出：1）和观测事实类似，模式ENSO循环确实涉及了三种主要时间尺度过程即LF、QB和AC，其中LF为3-4年主周期振荡，QB占总方差10～20%；2）ENSO循环的正反馈机制是不稳定海气相互作用过程，且这一不稳定过程的发展在暖态中明显强于冷态；3）ENSO循环的负反馈机制在冷暖态中表现不同，在冷态消亡过程中，这种负反馈过程主要表现为西边界反射产生的时滞效应，但在暖态消亡过程中不存在类似的时滞效应，其负反馈过程主要表现为在海气耦合不稳定充分发展时伴随的赤道两侧冷水上翻过程的加强以及非线性过程的衰减作用抑制了不稳定的发展并最终使得系统回复至冷态；4）ENSO循环的3-4年主周期振荡是一非线性系统的自激振荡现象，其形成是线性系统的本征模即准两年振荡通过非线性机制产生的周期加倍所致，其中&单向性&大气辐合反馈加热过程对其形成至关重要；5）虽然年循环过程对ENSO循环形成没有本质影响，但它可明显影响ENSO循环的具体振幅和位相，使得ENSO对季节循环有明显的&锁相&特征，并且也使得ENSO循环在振幅大小和时间长短方面呈现出明显的不规则性。

The Ludendorff flattening coefficient measures the overall shape, with sunspotmaximum coronas appearing relatively round because of the large number of streamers at all latitudes, and the sunspot-minimum coronas appearing relatively elongated because mainly equatorial streamers remain Fig.

使用Ludendorff测量所有的形状，在太阳黑子活动频繁的区域，日冕的形状相对比较圆，是由于巨大数量的日冕出现在所有的纬度上，在太阳黑子数量少的区域日冕的形状相对拉长，因为在太阳赤道附近余下的日冕。

Some compare it to a globe severed at the Equator. To others it resembles a phosphorescent egg floating in a crystal sea. One prominent Beijing architect said that when the desert dust kicks up around Beijing, lathering the expansive glass dome in a pall of gray grime, it resembles nothing so much as dried dung. But the most apt analogy for the $300 million National Theater of China, now nearing completion in the political heart of Beijing, near Tiananmen Square, may be a hot potato....

有人把它比作在赤道被切开的地球，有人把它比作浮在水面上磷光闪闪的蛋，一位北京著名的建筑历史学家则说当沙尘暴来袭时会在这个昂贵的球体表面形成一层厚厚的灰尘，那时它不过是一堆臭狗屎；当然有关这个耗资近30亿元在北京的政治心脏天安门广场边即将竣工的的中国国家大剧院最客观的比喻无疑是一个烫手的山芋。。。。。

The results show that for the global scale characteristics of the vertically integrated vapor flux fields, which is described in terms of the rotational and divergent components of the stationary parts of the vapor field, both GOALS and FGCM--0 can reproduce the subtropical gyres in each hemisphere, the eastward water va- por transport of the mid--latitude westerlies, and the westward vapor transport of equatorial easterlies reasonably, though the precise positions of the gyres simulated by GOALS, and the intensities of the gyre centers in FGCM--0 do not match the observations accurately.

结果表明：(1)对垂直积分的水汽通量场的流函数及其对应的无辐散水汽通量矢量的模拟，三个耦合模式都能够较为合理地再现副热带大洋的涡旋结构、中纬度西风带的东向水汽输送、赤道东风带的西向水汽输送和东亚夏季风水汽输送等行星尺度特征及其季节变化，只是GOALS的涡旋位置、FGCM-0的涡旋中心强度，较之实际略有偏差。

Corresponding to the long-lasting El Nio event, cyclonic anomalous circulation over the eastern North Pacific weakens slowly and anticyclonic anomalous circulation over the western North Pacific strengthens slowly at 850 hPa. Therefore the tropical Pacific westerly anomaly keeps long. The anomalous positive velocity potential over the western South Pacific at 200 hPa, which is related to the strong Australian winter monsoon, helps a long duration of El Nio. Corresponding to the short-lasting El Nio, the anomalous positive velocity potential over the western Pacific at 200 hPa moves eastward quickly and results in the vanishing of El Nio event.

还发现对于持续时间较长的El Nio事件，东北太平洋上850hPa异常气旋性环流减弱和西北太平洋上异常反气旋性环流增强较慢，因此赤道太平洋异常西风维持的时间也较长，而与澳大利亚冬季风加强相关联的南半球西太平洋的速度势正距平的维持，对El Nio的持续也起一定作用；对应持续时间较短的El Nio事件，西太平洋上200hPa速度势正距平的迅速东移，对El Nio的迅速消亡起重要作用。

Moonshadows on Saturn's rings are foretelling the planet's equinox, when the sun will be exactly aligned with the planet's equator and rings — and then will shift north from the southern hemisphere, kickstarting northern spring.

土星的卫星在土星光环上的投影预示着土星正在经过他的春分点。在这个点上，太阳正好位与土星的赤道面上，也就是土星光环所处的平面。然后，太阳就将渐渐的从土星的南半球移向北半球。这时，土星北半球的春天就到来了。

The wave propagation and refraction of type "O" irregularities in the counter-electrojet conditions is investigated with a model electrojet in terms of the linear theory of the electrojet instability.

本文分析了反向赤道电射流条件下的不均匀性的对流放大特性。根据电射流不稳定性的线性理论，对一个分层均匀的电射流的模式的数值计算表明：在反向电射流条件下，电射流不均匀性有如下的特性：在波的传播过程中，在上电射流区内，波矢向下旋转，在下电射流区内，波矢向上旋转；在驱动电场E_D数值相同的情况下，反向电射流条件下的射线路径积分增长率r比正常电射流情况的要小得多。

In this paper, the basic mathematical model was derived by means of two methods, the first is the twostar positioning algorithm in celestial navigation theory and the second is based on the gyro dynamics theory. The results from these two methods are identical and therefore are correct. The latitude is equal to the elevation-angle of the polar gyro. The course is the ideal output from the sensor fitted to the outer gimbal. The longitude is a function of the equator gyro's azimuth and elevation angles.

本论文用天文导航中的双星定位法和经典的陀螺力学原理两种方法建立了ESGM的基本数学模型，并且得到一致的结果，说明所建模型是正确的，即载体的纬度等于极轴陀螺主轴相对水平面的高度角，载体的航向等于极轴陀螺外环轴上角度传感器的理想输出，载体的经度是赤道陀螺的方位角和高度角的函数。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。