赘骨

Methods selective and limited minimally invasive debridement under arthroscope was applied to 54 patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint; hyperplasia of inflammatory synovial membrane and abrasion of anterior cruciate ligament were chipped or vaporized with radiofrequency, the corpus liberum were taken out, cartilage was scoured into certain shape; excision or partial excision were performed to hyperplastic intercondyloid spine, osteophyma and menisci; intercondyloid fossa was formed.results 45 cases were followed up for an average of 18 months (from 6 months to 24 months); the clinical symptoms of most cases released obviously and the joint function improved.conclusions minimally invasive debridement under arthroscope can effectively release oa symptoms, improve joint function and raise the quality of life.

对54例膝关节骨性关节炎患者进行关节镜下选择性、有限化微创清理术。手术内容包括刨削或射频汽化增生的炎性滑膜组织和前交叉韧带磨损、游离体取出、软骨打磨成形、增生髁间棘切除、部分骨赘切除、半月板部分切除、髁间窝成形。结果随诊45例，平均18个月（6～24月），大多数患者临床症状明显缓解，关节功能改善。结论关节镜微创清理术可有效缓解oa症状，改善关节功能，提高生活质量。骨关节炎；膝关节；关节镜检查

There were insignificant osteophyma formation and screenage expression of joint space constriction with the knowledge and agreement of the patients.

无明显骨赘形成和关节间隙狭窄影像学表现，患者知情并同意。

Results MRI in non-CSM group showed disc degeneration or mild disc herniation and formation of osteophyma without compression of the spinal cord.

高场强MRI可良好显示CSM中椎间盘退变突出、骨赘形成及脊髓受压变性，临床诊断与外科治疗提供依据。

The pressures are related to thevarities of threedimensional movements of ZJCS. Both C5～C6 and C4～C5 segements are easy to result in osteophyma ofZJCS.

颈椎关节突关节在三维运动过程中，其压力随运动方向的不同而变化；C4～C5、C5～C6两节段为颈椎关节突关节骨赘好发节段。

Knee anterior median incision and medial patellar approach was applied, and anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments were excised during the surgery, osteophyma and corpus liberum of posterior articular capsule were cleared.

采用膝前正中切口和内侧髌旁入路，术中切除前后交叉韧带，清理后关节囊骨赘生物及游离体。

Small osteophytes are seen in relation to the patellofemoral articulation more pronounced of the right.

髌股关节相对面可见小的骨赘，右侧膝关节更明显。

Radiologic studies conducted in LBP patients and asymptomatic controls have shown a positive correlation between sagittally oriented facet joints and degenerative spondylolisthesis.48,49 In these patients, recurrent rotational strains result in myriad changes to the discs and paired l-z joints, including loss of disc height, osteophyte formation, and degenerative hypertrophy of the facets.90,91

放射学研究表明，下腰痛患者及无症状的对照组中，小关节矢状面方向及退行性滑脱之间存在正相关。在这些患者中，反复的旋转性应力导致椎间盘和小关节的多种改变，包括椎间盘高度丢失，骨赘形成和退变性关节面增生等。

Results:(1) The measure indexes of models had no deviations between two groups before operation.

结果：(1)术前模型骨赘测量数据，两组无明显的差异。

Too light or heavy a head, too highly arched frontal bone; large ears and hanging flat to the face; short neck; full dewlap; too narrow or too broad a chest; sunken or hollow or quite straight back; bent forelegs; overbent fetlocks; twisted feet; spreading toes; too curly a tail; weak hindquarters and a general want of muscle; too short in body.

头部太轻或太沉重，前沿骨骼过度圆拱；耳朵太大，平躺在脸部两侧；颈部短；喉咙处有赘肉；胸部太窄或太宽；背部凹陷或塌陷，太直的后背；前肢倾斜；胶骨过分倾斜；足爪扭曲；脚趾张开；过分卷曲的尾巴；软弱的后躯，一般化的肌肉；身躯太短。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。