资本积累

This article mainly discusses the transition of Chinese labor market based on the theory of property rights in order to find what are encumbering the market development , focusing on the decreasing cost of transaction of the labor market conformity .

在新贸易理论和新增长理论的框架下，贸易促进一国经济增长主要是通过国际分工的加深，动态比较优势所导致的人力资本的积累以及知识的跨国溢出而实现的，这些才是贸易使增长得到的动态收益。

In addition, the change of cost has engendered concemful effect on price of labor, human capital and rate of bearing in country.

此外，农村劳动力再生产成本的变动还对劳动力的价格、农村人力资本的积累和农产生育率产生重要的影响。

As the open of China construction market, private construction companies with a flexible and low cost system is developed and grown rapidly, foreign construction magnate with capital and management advantages is landing in China, Large state-owned construction enterprises depend on client resources and historical accumulation jelled, moreover, the construction industry technical content is not too high, most of the surplus rural labor force entered the construction industry, construction production ability became superfluous, building market oversupply competition pattern has been formed.

随着我国建筑市场的进一步发展和开放，民营建筑公司凭着灵活的体制和低廉的成本迅速发展壮大，国外建筑巨头携资本与管理优势抢滩登陆，大型国有建筑企业靠客户资源和历史积累放手一搏，加之施工行业技术含量不高，农村剩余劳务力大多进入建筑行业，施工生产能力大幅度增长，建筑市场供大于求的竞争格局已经形成，此外国家通过法律法规的形式进一步规范了市场竞争行为，尤其是《中华人民共和国招标投标法》和《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》的先后颁发，给市场竞争提供了法律依据和技术支撑，合理低价中标是业主选择承包方最常用的定标原则。

There is a lesson to be learned from Japan's response to financial crisis, Japanese experts say."When a bubble bursts and the financial system gets destabilized, providing liquidity is not enough to overcome a crisis," Yutaka Yamaguchi, who served as deputy governor at the Bank of Japan during part of the financial crisis here, told one newspaper."Unless financial institutions get recapitalized by raising funds in the markets or receiving public funds, the financial crisis will not end. That's the lesson should learn from Japan's financial crisis." Yamaguchi says the U.S. financial model has effectively gone bankrupt. We are witnessing a "turning point," he adds—just as in the 1930s

日本从金融危机中吸取了教训，日本专家说，&当泡沫破灭金融系统动荡不安，倘若流动性不足以克服危机& Yutaka Yamaguchi曾在日本经济危机时期任日本银行副总裁，对记者说&除非通过市场积累资金和吸纳公众资金令金融体系获取资本，否则金融危机不会结束，这是美国应该从日本金融危机中学到的教训& Yamaguchi认为美国金融模式实质上已经破产，我们在见证&转折点&，他补充道，就像三十年代那样。

Capital requirements need to be revamped so that banks accumulate more reserves during the good times.

资本要求需要进行调整，让银行可以在行情好的时候多些积累。

Capital requirements need to be revamped so that banks accumulate more reserves during the good times.

资本要求必须修改，使银行积累更多的外汇储备在美好的时光。

They are to capital what retailers are to clothing, trying to anticipate market demand and stockpiling accordingly.

他们对资本来说就像裁缝对于布料一样。他们试图预测市场需求和相应的市场积累。

The analysis underscores the importance of property rights in creating the conditions for the accumulation and use of human capital.

本文的分析进一步强调了下述命题的重要性，即财产权为人力资本的积累与使用创造条件。

In view of executive power to intervene in the allocation of resources over the reality of the situation, should intensify their efforts to clean up the recent各种乱收费, levies, and shut the power of the currency market of the "gray channel" reflects the strong focus on cleaning up the community, do not lead to monopolies fair competition policy, and actively create a fair and regulated competitive environment, maximizing the contribution of income and reflected on and so on; to be a more effective means of remediation of illegal income, seek to abuse the interests of individuals or small groups with severe punishment imposed for corruption ; At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the political system, and promote democratization and openness in decision-making, and strengthen the public service and acts of administrative bodies at all levels of supervision and constraints on the exercise of such power by the process of forming a comprehensive and reasonable mechanism for binding.

当中产阶级成为一个国家的主流群体时，就会结成一张维护社会长治久安的&安全网&。如果说&社会稳定是压倒一切的政治任务&的话，那么，扩大中产阶级的比重就是实现稳定的社会基础。如何促进中国中产阶级的快速发展？笔者认为当前应特别重视以下几个方面：（1）加强法律保护的力度。实践证明，只有依法保护私人产权和维护社会公正，才能促使人们凭借勤劳和智慧去创造财富，才能抑制少数人依仗权势&寻租&和通过贪污腐败手段暴富，才能防止百姓的私有财产不被权贵势力非法侵吞。这样，所有的人将可平等地获得上升的机会，私人资本和职业阶层也会有更大的成长空间。（2）大力发展公共教育事业。知识能够帮助人们改变命运，只有大力发展公共教育，才能使更多的人得到平等分享经济增长成果的机会，这是知识经济时代培育中产阶级的&树人工程&。我们要尽快普及12年制义务教育，大力开展终身教育，打造更多的学习型组织，营造学习型社会的氛围，从而使更多的人通过攀登知识阶梯而升入中产阶级。（3）加快金融创新。中国居民目前工资收入在家庭收入中的比重平均为70％左右，大大高于发达国家50％的水平。工资收入在家庭收入中的占比过大，自然会减缓大多数人进入中产阶级行列的步伐。我们认为，要提高居民收入中非工资收入的比重，最重要的措施就要培育居民的投资意识，并通过金融创新为他们提供多样化的投资工具（如形式多样的共同基金等）。（4）提高专业技术人员、经营管理者、教师、研究人员、公务员等智力劳动者的收入，鼓励智力劳动者进行智力投资，并保护相应的合法权益。（5）建立职业经理人激励机制（包括年薪、奖金、红股、期权等方式），形成职业经理人致富与企业发展互动的财富积累机制。

The level of investment on and reserve of Chinese human capital is still low, as well as its effect to Chinese economic growth.

中国人力资本投资与积累的水平相对于国外而言还比较落后，其发挥的作用相对而言还比较小。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。