资本主义社会

To sum up the strengthening of absolute monarchy, which greatly hampered the progress of society and impede the development of embryonic capitalism, so that the beginning of China's social development lags behind western countries.

总之君主专制的加强，极大地妨碍了社会的进步，阻碍资本主义萌芽的发展，使中国社会的发展开始大大落后于西方国家。

The Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty is the last phase of the Chinese feudalistic society. Great changes happened in all aspects of the society at that time. Capitalism was germinating, the merchandise economy continuously developing, urbanization speeding. All these aspects were reflected in the prosperity of bawdry.

明清时期是中国封建社会的末期，这一时期商品经济持续发展，部分地区的城市出现资本主义萌芽，社会各方面都发生了较大的变化，而反映在社会生活中的一个表现就是娼妓业的繁荣和发达。

It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared--the use of money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coal or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools.

正是在城市中首先出现了能够与现代资本主义相关联的因素—货币和商业票据的使用代替了实物交易；开放的竞争代替了社会顺从和等级制度，而随之而来的是社会秩序的紊乱；出现了以煤和水为动力的工厂，取代了利用手工工具的独立手工业者。

It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared – the use of money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coal or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools.

城市中，和现代资本主义关联的因素首先出现，他们是钱和贸易纸币的使用代替物物交换、伴随着一个社会混乱的上升，开放的竞争代替社会顺从和阶级、使用煤和水能源的工厂出现代替独立的手工艺人的手工工作。

The use of money and commercialpaper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deferenceand hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and theappearance of factories using coal or water power in place ofindependent craftspeople working with handtools.

城市中，和现代资本主义关联的因素首先出现，他们是钱和贸易纸币的使用代替物物交换、伴随着一个社会混乱的上升，开放的竞争代替社会顺从和阶级、使用煤和水能源的工厂出现代替独立的手工艺人的手工工作。

Third, the development of international society is dynamic equilibrium

人类社会产生后，并没有立即形成国际社会，它是随着资本主义的产生、发展而逐步形成

Capitalism ; capitalist society ; bürgerliche Gesellschaft ; mode of production ; social forms of economy

资本主义；资产阶级社会；市民社会；生产方式；经济的社会形态

The great achievement of the socialist construction of the SovietUnion had set up an example for the chinese people;The fighting between the United statesand China had increased the Chinese people's emotional repelment to capitalism;The Partythought that the establishment of socialist ownership is the completion of the transition to so-cialism;The party and Mao Tse-Tung had an unduly serious estimation on the passive in-fluence of the capitalist economy during the period of the national economy's reconstruction;the"pauseless revolution theory"which was laways being advocated by Mao Tse-Tung andsome uncertainties and unmaturations of the New-Democratic Society Theory Were the mainCauses that the Party and Mao Tse-Tung proposed the soclalist transformation.

苏联社会主义建设的巨大成就给中国人民树立了榜样，美国与中国的军事较量，加剧了中国人民对资本主义在情感上的拒斥；党认为社会主义所有制的建立，就是完成了向社会主义的过渡；资本主义经济消极面在国民经济恢复时期的表现，以及党和毛泽东对此的过重估量；毛泽东一贯倡导的&不断革命论&及新民主主义社会理论某些方面的不确定和不完全成熟等因素是党和毛泽东提出社会主义改造的主要原因。

T.W.Addorno criticizes the uncivilized, following cultural industry, the marketing art and shortcomings of the degradation of life of individuality. Herbert Marcuse thinks that consumer culture safeguards the ruling class's ideology as well as science and technology. It not only makes the whole consumer society be a unidirectional society without reflectional and critical ability, but also has people indulge in the promised happiness and illusion of self-expression through consumption, which makes people lose subjective quality. Fromn discovers that in the consumer society of developed countries, alienation becomes rampant but not be lessened or eliminated, and humanity becomes even more twisted but not develops healthily.

阿多诺批判了文化工业所导致的蒙昧，艺术被市场化，个性生命的沉沦之类弊端；马尔库塞认为，科学技术与消费文化一道维护着资产阶级的意识形态，让整个消费社会成为失去了反思和批判能力的单向度社会，使人们沉浸在消费所承诺的幸福之中，沉浸在用消费表达自我的幻觉之中，失去了自己的主体性；弗洛姆看到，在发达资本主义国家的消费社会中，异化非但没有减轻和消除，反而愈演愈烈，人性非但没有走向健康发展的道路，反而更加扭曲。

The other is that, when criticizing capitalism defended by Nozick, Cohen deviates from or misreads some views on capitalism and socialism in traditional Marxism.

一是背离了传统马克思主义关于社会发展基本动力的观点，试图以道德革命来代替社会革命；二是误读了传统马克思主义关于自我所有原则的观点，没有看到传统马克思主义对自我所有原则是持反对态度的；三是误读了传统马克思主义在批判资本主义生产资料不平等分配时的观点，认为传统马克思主义主张将生产资料平均分配给社会成员。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。