资本主义

When the West with its higher culture broke down the economic patterns of Chinese society, the old folkways, the traditions and the Confucian way of life lost their sovereignty because the codes of conduct which had been made for a patriarchal and an autarchic peasant society no longer applied to the precapitalist mode of life that was introduced into the country.

西方用较优越的文化破坏了中国社会经济结构以后，传统的风俗习惯和儒家生活方式丧失了它们至高无上的地位，因为自给自足的农民宗法社会的行为准则不再适用于进入中国的早期资本主义的生活方式。

Autarkical small scale farming;Small-scale peasant economy

政治工作的基本任务是向农民群众不断地灌输社会主义思想，批评资本主义倾向。

So-called banausic work, which included manufacturing, business, and trade (which were not tied to the land and the family farm), and what we would call "capitalism"(investing money to make more money) were considered to be incompatible with active participation in the affairs of the polis and even as unnatural and morally corrupting.

所谓事物的工作，其中包孕制造业，商业和贸易（其中无关的土地和家庭大农场），和我们所称的&资本主义&被以为是不符合积极参与国际事件的城邦，甚至不自然和道义上的腐败。

So-called banausic work, which included manufacturing, business, and trade (which were not tied to the land and the family farm), and what we would call "capitalism"(investing money to make more money) were considered to be incompatible with active participation in the affairs of the polis and even as unnatural and morally corrupting.

所谓物质的工作，其中包括制造业，商业和贸易（其中无关的土地和家庭农场），和我们所称的&资本主义&被认为是不符合积极参与国际事务的城邦，甚至不自然和道义上的腐败。

China's space program represents its aspirations to become a superpower,'' said Laurence Brahm, a Beijing-based author and adviser to the Chinese government. ''It's a symbol of nationalism, in a country that's facing a huge challenge to make the transition to a capitalist state.

&中国的空间计划表现出他渴望变得更加强势，&Laurence Brahm这位北京的作家和教师对中国政府如是评价，&这是一种国家主义的象征，这个国家正面临着转向资本主义的巨大挑战。&

Ilsa Castilla's final paper presentation: How Capitalism or Economics relate to Creativity.

卡斯堤拉的学期末报告：资本主义与经济发展如何影响创造性。

Conversely,it prompts us that we will be good atinvestigating "Utilizing capitalism for socialism" on the basisof the unity between "The Two inevitability" and "The TwoUncertainty",between catholicness and particularity.

因此，作为联结&两个必然&与&两个决不会&的中介，&利用资本主义发展社会主义&本身体现了普遍性与特殊性的统一，共性与个性的统一，根本道路与具体道路的统一。

So,Utilizing capitalism for socialism is theintermediary between "The Two inevitability" and "The TwoUncertainty",and embodies the unity of catholicness andparticularity,commonness and personality,fundamental way andparticular way.

利用资本主义发展社会主义&，作为经济文化比较落后国家率先走社会主义道路直接面临的要题和难题，它既以最终实现共产主义为目的，又为今天的社会主义目标而奋斗，客观地创造着&两个决不会所强调的物质条件。

Secondly,the dissertation observes and studies the three molds of capitalistmodernization,i.e.the predevelopment endogenous modernization represented by theUnited States and the Great Britain,the sequent exogenous modernization representedby Japan and the cenogenetic exogenous modernization represent by the"Four LittleDragons"of Asia.

其次，考察了资本主义现代化的三种不同类型，即以英美法为代表的早发内生型现代化，以日本为代表的后发外生型现代化以及亚洲&四小龙&为代表的新发外生型现代化。

After the establishment of socialist system in backward countries, these countries have to realize the industrialization and economic marketing in a relatively long period of time, which should have been realized in the capital system. This is the centurial problem facing the socialist movement in the 20~ century. However, theory of socialism primary stage provides a scientific standing point for solving the problem.

落后国家在社会主义基本制度确立以后，如何用一段较长的时间，来实现本该在资本主义制度下实现的工业化和经济的市场化，是20世纪社会主义运动所面临的世纪难题，而社会主义初级阶段论，为破解这一难题找到了科学的立足点。

Others availed themselves of the throngs which attended the sacred festivals to indulge in immoderate enjoyment and tumultuous revelry.

其他人利用自己的throngs出席神圣的节日，以沉迷于immoderate享受和动荡不定的狂欢。

I'll go into the matter.

我会调查这事的。