资本主义

The Renaissance occurring during the Middle Ages (level 1) produced a huge drive enabling western European countries to cast off feudality and adopt capitalism (level 2); while China's market-oriented economic reform (level 4) entails amendment of constitution and acknowledgement and protection of private property rights (level 2), which is the example of lower institution exerting reverse influence on higher institution.

发生在中世纪晚期的文艺复兴（层次1），对西欧各国摆脱封建制度，进入资本主义制度（层次2）产生了巨大的推动作用；而中国面向市场的经济改革（层次4）要求修改宪法，承认和保护私有产权（层次2），则是低层次制度反作用于高层此制度的例子。

On the one hand, it helps to reduce the resistance of feudalization to the development of capitalist coal-mining industry, and to encourage the investment in coal-mining industry from businessmen, so there came a boom of investment in Shanxi coal-mining industry, and that promoted the prosperity of coal-mining industry.

一方面，有助于减少封建制度对资本主义矿业发展的阻力，进而鼓励商民投资矿业，此后山西出现了投资煤矿的热潮，带动了近代山西煤矿业的发展。

The body has 2 sections , the first of which reaches into the Christianity" s influence upon the transformation of Western Europe to feudal society : In the early middle ages Western Europe , Christianity together with the traditional ruling class , had reunified the political power of Roman empire with the help of "Divine Right to govern";In the meanwhile , it had contributed to the ethnic unity of the Roman races and the feudalization of Western Europe ; while the other section deals with the Christianity" s impact upon the transformation of Western Europe to capitalism : in the Late Middle Ages , Western Europe , with the emergence of cities , some social changes had taken place .

正文又分为两个部分：Ⅰ。基督教在西欧向封建社会转型中的作用：在西欧中世纪早期，基督教不仅为日尔曼人的统治提供了一套完备的思想理论体系，而且为孕育于两种不同背景下文化的融合搭起了桥梁，并在此基础上促成了西欧封建制的最终形成。Ⅱ。基督教在西欧向资本主义社会转型中的作用：中世纪后期，随着城市的兴起，西欧社会发生了一系列变化。

But in one vital corner of the economy, a little creative capitalism is helping fill a gap.

但是，在这个经济的一个关键角落里，一点点创新资本主义正在帮助弥补一个空白。

It was a symbolic moment-a leader of the Chinese Communist Party firing the starting gun for the capitalist running dogs of Wall Street.

这是个标志性的时刻--一个中国领导人为华尔街的资本主义走狗打响了发令枪。

Fiske's theory gives us a great deal of enlightenment , but there are some defects, and his theory was developed in western capitalist society. So when we absorb and make use of his theory, we should carry on explaining and transformation creatively to it proceeding from our realistic national conditions in order to establish its legitimacy and rationality in our native country.

费斯克的理论给了我们诸多启示，但也存在着一些缺陷，而且他的理论是以西方资本主义社会为背景发展起来的，因此当我们对他的理论进行吸收、借鉴的时候，需要从现实国情出发，对其进行创造性地阐释和改造，以确立其在本土的合法性和合理性。

The flaneur, born from the flux of modernity and the rise of capitalism trains his eye on the illusive and paradoxical rhythms of modern society, all the while denying his own subjectivity: 'an 'I' with an insatiable appetite for the 'non-I'.

他诞生于现代主义的流动，资本主义的上升训练着他去认识和判断现代社会中的幻象和似是而非的节奏。同时，他也否认着自己的主观，成为一个渴望"非我"的"我"。

A whole year of study on Wordsworth leads the author to such a conviction: Wordsworths greatness rests upon his humanistic concerns for the living state of men in an era of capitalist industrialization developing on its full fledge when it is also an era destitute of poetic spirit, and his strenuous aesthetic efforts to enable men to poetically dwell on the earth. However, in the Chinese context in particular.

一年的研究让笔者深信：华兹华斯的伟大之处在于，在一个资本主义工业蓬勃发展但诗性匮乏的时代中，他始终如一地对人类的生存状态给予深沉的人文关怀，并对人类的诗意栖居做出不竭的审美努力。

The question that arises most forcefully now concerns the nature of capitalism and whether it needs to be changed.

而今，在人的心头产生的最激烈的问题，就是：资本主义本质究竟是什么？我们是否要改变这个本质？

The production of forestall capitalism and current the plan is changed.

垄断资本主义的生产和流通都是计划化的。

It was Napoleon, the immense somnambulist of this dream which had crumbled, essaying once more to advance.

那人便是拿破仑，梦游中的巨人，他还想往前走，去追寻那崩塌了的幻境。

This method alleviates the highly dependent on domain knowledge experts. The quality and efficiency of the KBS were improved.

使用这种设计方法减小了对领域知识专家的严重依赖，提高了知识系统开发的质量和效率。