资本

We hold the idea that the value of enterprise comprises material capital, financial capital and invisible assets.

我们认为企业的价值是由企业的物质资本、金融资本和无形资产组成，企业的物质资本与金融资本就是企业的账面价值，也就是权益与负债之和，而企业的真实价值与账面价值之差就是以智慧资本和社会资本为主的无形资产的价值，这一部分内容在以前的资本结构研究中是不被重视的。

We also divide capital into material capital, financial capital, and invisible assets including Intellectual capital and social capital.

将企业资本按物质资本、金融资本和以智慧资本和社会资本为主的无形资产作为企业资本的构成。

In present China particularly, the source causing this irresolvable crisis lies in: 1 Regional ecologic capital crisis and existing crisis are formed by severe confrontation of environment and development. 2 The governmental financial burden, aggravated by the low efficiency of governmental supply and operating environment capital, results in grave deficient of environmental investment directly.

尤其在目前的我国，这种危机无法有效解决的根源在于：环境与发展严重对抗形成区域性生态资本危机与生存危机，政府供给与经营环境资本的低效率加重了政府财政包袱、直接导致环境投资严重不足，区域性环境资本持续欠帐经营导致严重累积的环境问题，区域性环境资本缺乏收益回收的技术与政策支持制约了庞大民间资本的投资行为。

In the last part, the paper appraises mortgage value using the former and improved capitalization rate respectively. Making using of the method of appraisal bias, the paper concludes that using the former capitalization rate results in overrating the appraisal result, while using the improved capitalization rate does not exist overrating problem. Based on that, the paper compares the former and improved capitalization rate from the following six aspects- mortgager, financial institution, appraisal institution, conservative principle of appraisal of mortgage, default risk, mortgage rate, and finally concludes that the improved capitalization rate is more scientific and accurate.

通过案例分析分别运用改进前后的资本化率进行评估，运用评估bias方法对评估结果进行研究，得出运用改进前的资本化率进行评估存在高估的现象，而运用改进后的资本化率进行评估则不存在高估的问题，在此基础上从抵押人、金融机构、评估机构、保守性估价原则、违约风险、抵押利率六个方面对改进前后的资本化率进行了系统的比较，得出改进后的资本化率更加科学精确的结论。

Based on the research of current situation of risk management of capital allocation for commercial banks both at home and abroad at present, this paper put forward a unified VaR theory framework and model by using reserve for bad debts, capital at risk and deposit insurance system. The reserve for bad debts, capital at risk and deposit insurance system are used to execute grading risk prevention and to develop a comprehensive quantification method that executing risk management to commercial banks.

因此，在对目前国内外商业银行资本配置风险管理现状进行研究的基础上，本文提出了包含损失准备金、风险资本和存款保险的商业银行资本配置风险管理的统一的VaR理论框架和模型，用损失准备金、风险资本、存款保险制度来分级防范风险，并在此理论框架和模型下发展出完整的从资本配置的角度对商业银行进行风险管理的量化方法。

Next, want to admit intellectual capital, approve the one share that intellectual capital is company total capital namely, make clear intellectual capital and enterprise vendibility and the affinity that the company grows, and the company money that intellectual capital part of one's job enjoys.

其次，要承认知识资本，即认可知识资本是企业总资本的一部分，搞清知识资本与企业市场价值和企业发展的密切关系，以及知识资本应分享的企业财富。

During the course of human capital investment of rural residents, their human capital investment ability depends on the amount of their family income and the disbursal amount of the Government's finance, including the educational payout and the medical care disbursal.

在农村居民人力资本投资过程中，他们的人力资本投资能力与其家庭收入、政府公共财政投入呈正相关关系，其人力资本投资能力大小取决于家庭与政府的资源投入量的多少，即其人力资本投资能力具体量化为在人力资本投资上的家庭收入投入量，以及政府教育性和医疗保健性公共财政的投入量的总和。

Circumfusing seeking the appropriate motivation model which adapts to the reality of enterprise, this paper which is based on three theories (human capital theory, motivation theory and contingency theory) forms motivation and restriction system matching market economy, and researches contingency motivation strategy, human capital pricing and human resource restriction to make human capital contribute more to the economic benefit of enterprise.

本文立足于人力资本理论、激励理论和权变理论三大基石，围绕着寻找适合企业实际需要的激励策略，形成与市场经济相配套的激励约束机制，以提高人力资本对企业经济效益的贡献这一研究目标，对人力资本的权变激励策略、人力资本定价、人力资本约束等内容进行了深入研究。

Market economy collocates resource with market system, and capital market plays an important role in this process, therefore, capital market will promote industry base of Northeast China in its fashion of economic development, transition of industry structure and so on. Meanwhile, we will prove it is improper to rely on administration to boost region economy, and that in market economy, capital market will be of great value.

一、本文的主要内容文章的逻辑结构主要包括三个层面：一，对资本市场同经济发展相关性的有关理论和实证研究进行了系统梳理，为随后的研究提供了一个必要的理论平台；二，针对振兴东北老工业基地过程中必须解决的三个核心问题，分别进行了定性和定量分析，从而为我们提出利用资本市场促进东北经济振兴的具体措施提供了基本的分析框架和视角；三，根据对资本市场与振兴东北的相关性进行具体分析得出的结论，结合我国资本市场存在的实际问题，提出如何完善资本市场、来促进东北老工业基地经济振兴的若干建议。

There exists differency between legal ownership and economic ownership for thecapital with the state-ownership.This kind of differency will shut down the space ofgrowth of efficiency.

在运用资本运营原理对中国国有资本运营模式进行归括和评估时，本论文认为：国有资本低效运营的主要原因在于存在资本法律所有权和经济所有权的背离，这种背离封闭了资本效率的上升空间。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。