资产阶级

Thus the French bourgeoisie, for example, like all contemporary bourgeoisies of capitalist countries, has generally recognized itself in the political system of parliamentary representation, which has realized bourgeois ideology in a political ideological state apparatus -- even if it has produced other regimes in difficult situations of class struggle Bonapartism I and II, constitutional monarchy, Pétain's fascism.

举例来说，和所有同时代资本主义国家的资产阶级一样，法国资产阶级即使在阶级斗争处于危难之时产生了其它的政体（如波拿巴主义一世和二世，君主立宪政体以及贝当的法西斯主义），但它通常也是在议会代表型的政治制度中确认自身的，从而在政治的意识形态国家机器中实现资产阶级的意识形态。

If this thesis is correct, then one can quite clearly see why the bourgeois class struggle dominates the proletarian class struggle from the outset and why the proletarian class struggle has needed so long to take shape and to find its own forms of existence, why the class struggle is fundamentally unequal, why it is not conducted using the same practices on the part of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat and why the bourgeoise has engendered forms in the ideological state apparatuses, whose task it is to preempt the revolutionary action of the working class and to subordinate this class.

如果这个论题是正确的，那么人们可以非常清晰地看到为什么资产阶级的阶级斗争从一开始就支配着无产阶级的阶级斗争，无产阶级的阶级斗争为什么需要那么长的时间才能成形并找到自身的存在方式，为什么阶级斗争从根本上是不平衡的，为什么对于资产阶级和无产阶级来说，不能运用相同的实践去进行阶级斗争，为什么资产阶级（原文是bourgeoise，意为资产阶级妇女，疑为bourgeoisie之误）也在意识形态国家机器当中构造了诸种斗争形式，后者的任务就是预先取代工人阶级的革命行动并让这一阶级服从于它。

As for the acknowledgement of the modern Chinese semi-colonial, semi-feudal society"s characteristics ,Zhou en-lai stated very deeply and much earlier than Mao ze-dong .the Chinese revolution is that the bourgeois democratic revolution leading by the Chinese communist party and the revolution should be subdivided into "two steps", which Zhou en-lai stated clearly in the first cooperation of the KMT and CP ;while on the Chinese revolution"s motivation problems during Zhou"s early travel of Europe, he divided 5 revolution motivations ,and later clearly pointed out the revolution"s dependent power is workers, peasants, the small capitalist class and the national bourgeoise.

他对于近代中国的半殖民地半封建社会性质的认识，早于毛泽东且论述非常深刻；对于近代中国革命是中国共产党领导的资产阶级民主革命和革命要分"两步走"步骤，周恩来在第一次国共合作时期就已有明确论述；而关于中国革命的动力问题，周恩来早在旅欧时期，就划分了五派革命动力，以后又清楚地指出工人、农民、小资产阶级和民族资产阶级是革命的依靠力量；对于帝国主义列强、新旧军阀、封建余孽和买办官僚，是中国革命的对象问题，周恩来在1924年的《革命救国论》中就已经解决了；中国革命的领导权必须掌握在无产阶级及其政党中国共产党的手里，这一认识周恩来也是很早且非常坚定的。

Through the analysis on the connotation of social class consciousness, the thesis illustrates that social class consciousness is different from individual consciousness and economic consciousness, but it is a particular social class systematic understanding of its historical status and historical mission under certain social relation of production. On the basis of that, the thesis historically analyzes the bourgeoisie"s class consciousness, affirms that the bourgeoisie"s class consciousness is a historical progress comparing with the pre-capitalistic society, and reveals from a whole view the falsity and inauthenticity of the bourgeoisies class consciousness as well.

在此基础上，本文对资产阶级阶级意识进行了历史性的分析，既肯定资产阶级阶级意识相对于前资本主义社会意识的历史进步，又从总体性角度揭示资产阶级阶级意识的虚假性与虚伪性，进而从"总体性的辩证法"、物化理论及无产阶级的阶级意识等方面阐述了卢卡奇的阶级意识理论。

But fifty day in the past, some leaders from The Center to Region, practiced on the contrary, supported retroactive bourgeois, Implemented dictatorship of the bourgeoisie, repressed the Cultural Revolution movement of the proletarian, confused right and wrong, suppressed revolution, pressed different utterance, carried out White Terror, thanked complacency, and so that add the portliness of bourgeois and reduce the backbone of proletarian, which are malevolence.

请同志们重读一遍这张大字报和这个评论。可是在五十多天里。从中央到地方的某些领导同志，却反其道而行之。站在*的资产阶级立场上，实行资产阶级专政，将无产阶级轰轰烈烈的文化大革命运动打下去，颠倒是非，混淆黑白，围剿革命派，压制不同意见，实行白色恐怖，自以为得意，长资产阶级的威风，灭无产阶级的志气，又何其狠毒也。

According to alternation of reorganized-KMT "s class nature what the Comintern and Sdalin defined and KMT "s authentic class nature, we"ll find the inner coincidence between the three, KMT "s class nature what the Comintern defined, Sdalin"s "Three Stages Theory" and errors of "Left deviation in the Agrarian Revolutionary War. They have the same fault: on the theory of Chinese bourgeoisie. Comintern looked on Kuomintang as an organzation of united front, which cut apart the close relationship between Kuomintang and the boureoisie, and then inevitably led to a long-standing mistaken concept, this is, confusing the large boureoisie with the national boureoisie and the petty boureoisie. Therefore, as the large boureoisie betrayed the revolution, Comintern regarded the national boureoisie and the petty boureoisie as the underminer of the organzation of the united front, and then struck a heavy blow at then.

考察梳理共产国际、斯大林对改组后国民党性质的判定及其变化和国民党的真实阶级性质可知，共产国际对国民党性质的判定、斯大林"三阶段"论和土地革命战争时期中共党内的历次"左"倾错误三者之间，前后相续，一以贯之，具有内容上的共通性和逻辑上的连续性，它们共同的要害是共产国际、斯大林有关中国资产阶级理论的错误，一是共产国际混淆在半封建半殖民地中国的带买办性的大资产阶级与民族资产阶级，二是把民族资产阶级的妥协与革命的两面性机械地认定为革命与反革命的"两段性"，认为中国资产阶级必然要叛变革命。

By this, the long wished-for opportunity was offered to "True" Socialism of confronting the political

这时，一个盼望已久的机会被提供给了把政治运动与社会主义的要求对立起来，立下反对自由主义，反对代议制国家，反对资产阶级的竞争，反对资产阶级的新闻出版自由，反对资产阶级的法律，反对资产阶级的自由和平等的传统诅咒，，并且向群众宣扬，说通过这场资产阶级运动，他们什么也得不到，并且会失去一切的"真正的"社会主义。

By this, the long wished-for opportunity was offered to "True" Socialism of confronting the political movement with the Socialist demands, of hurling the traditional anathemas against liberalism, against representative government, against bourgeois competition, bourgeois freedom of the press, bourgeois legislation, bourgeois liberty and equality, and of preaching to the masses that they had nothing to gain, and everything to lose, by this bourgeois movement.

于是，"真正的"社会主义就得到了一个好机会，把社会主义的要求同政治运动对立起来，用诅咒异端邪说的传统办法诅咒自由主义，诅咒代议制国家，诅咒资产阶级的竞争、资产阶级的新闻出版自由、资产阶级的法、资产阶级的自由和平等，并且向人民群众大肆宣扬，说什么在这个资产阶级运动中，人民群众非但一无所得，反而会失去一切。

By this, the long wished-for opportunity was offered to "True" Socialism of confronting the political movement with the Socialist demands, of hurling the traditional anathemas against liberalism, against representative government, against bourgeois competition, bourgeois freedom of the press, bourgeois legislation, bourgeois liberty and equality, and of preaching to the masses that they had nothing to gain, and everything to lose, by this bourgeois movement.

于是，&真正的&社会主义就得到了一个好机会，把社会主义的要求同政治运动对立起来，用诅咒异端邪说的传统办法诅咒自由主义，诅咒代议制国家，诅咒资产阶级的竞争、资产阶级的新闻出版自由、资产阶级的法、资产阶级的自由和平等，并且向人民群众大肆宣扬，说什么在这个资产阶级运动中，人民群众非但一无所得，反而会失去一切。

Mao not only the Chinese big bourgeoisie and the capitalist class is divided into two parts, the national bourgeoisie, but again the big bourgeoisie is divided into pro-Japanese and Anglo-American faction factions; not only that the national bourgeoisie have a revolution and the two sides to compromise, and that Britain and the United States to send the big bourgeoisie is also the two sides of the anti-Japanese and anti-communist, and anti-Japanese and anti-communist and each of its two sides; and based on the distinction between the two sides of the above understanding of Mao Zedong with the various parts of the development of the bourgeoisie and the struggle against a series of joint and differentiated policy so as to achieve, consolidate and develop the anti-Japanese national united front and the second KMT-CPC cooperation, for all the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War, laid a solid theoretical foundation and basis of a policy.

毛泽东不仅把中国资产阶级分为大资产阶级和民族资产阶级两部分，而且又把大资产阶级分为亲日派和英美派两派；不仅认为民族资产阶级有革命和妥协的两面性，而且认为英美派大资产阶级也有抗日和反共的两面性，而抗日和反共又各有其两面性；基于上述区分和对两面性的认识，毛泽东制定了同各部分资产阶级又联合又斗争的一系列有区别的政策，从而为实现、巩固和发展抗日民族统一战线和第二次国共合作，为全民抗战的最后胜利，奠定了坚实的理论基础和政策基础。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失