贸易美元

World trade has plunged. As recently as the first half of 2008, boosted by rising commodity prices and a falling dollar, trade was growing at an annualised 20% in dollar terms. In the second half of 2008, as commodities sagged and the dollar rose, growth slowed fast; by September, says the IMF, it was in reverse.

全球贸易陷入困境，2008年上半年，物价飙升，美元贬值，以美元计，贸易年增长20%，08年下半年物价下降美元升值，贸易增速迅速放缓，到9月止，国际货币基金组织称贸易量正在下跌。

Thus an unfortunate side effect of China's attempts to cool its domestic economy has been an exploding trade surplus, because import growth has softened while exports have remained robust. In June, China's exports rose by 30.6%, year-on-year, while imports grew by just 15.1%, widening the monthly trade surplus to $9.7 billion.

也就是说，中国企图控制国内经济过热增长的一个不那么令人愉快的后果是，中国的进口贸易额已经平缓下来而出口贸易则一直强健。6月份，中国的出口贸易增长了30.6%，而进口贸易仅增长了15.1%，每月的贸易顺差扩大到97亿美元。

Thus an unfortunate side effect of China's attempts to cool its domestic economy has been an exploding trade surplus, because import growth has softened while exports have remained robust. In June, China's exports rose by 30.6%, year-on-year, while imports grew by just 15.1%, widening the monthly trade surplus to $9.7 billion. The cumulative surplus for 2005 is now nearly $40 billion, more than for the whole of last year.

所以中国对国内经济降温的企图最不幸的一个副作用就是产生一个巨大的贸易盈余，因为进口放缓，而出口依然活跃。6月份，中国出口同比增长30.6%，而进口增长仅为15.1%，月贸易盈余扩大到97亿美元。2005年贸易盈余现在累计可能达400亿美元，比去年全年还多。

Nonetheless, the figures do not on balance suggest that the economy is careering out of control or that severe tightening measures are required to prevent an inflationary spiral

以目前的趋势发展，中国今年贸易顺差将达到1400亿美元左右根据中国提供的数据），与美国的双边贸易顺差可能增至近3000亿美元。

Different with other industries, China is preserving a greater favorable balance to South Korea in agricultural product trade continuously; in 2005 the amount of favorable balance is 2.561 billion dollars. South Korea therefore started the trade protection method repeatedly; it has caused many trade frictions and caused very big losses for Chinas production operator, affected normal development of economical trade and the cooperation of China and South Korean in certain degree.

与其他产业所不同的是，中国对韩农产品贸易一直保存着较大的顺差，2005年达到25.61亿美元，韩国也因此而频频启动贸易保护手段，引起了许多贸易摩擦，给中国的生产经营者造成了很大的损失，不同程度地影响了中韩经济贸易与合作的正常发展。

Charlie and I, it should be emphasized, believe that true trade – that is, the exchange of goods and services with other countries – is enormously beneficial for both us and them. Last year we had $1.15 trillion of such honest-to-God trade and the more of this, the better. But, as noted, our country also purchased an additional $618 billion in goods and services from the rest of the world that was unreciprocated. That is a staggering figure and one that has important consequences.

当然必须强调的是，查理跟我都相信，真正的贸易，也就是与他国交换货物与服务的行为，对于彼此都有相当大的益处，去年光是这类的贸易总额就达1.15兆美元，但除此之外，我们另外又向外国多采购了6，180亿美元的产品与服务，这笔居高不下的数字将引发严重的后果。

Charlie and I, it should be emphasized, believe that true trade – that is, the exchange of goods and services with other countries – is enormously beneficial for both us and them. Last year we had $1.15 trillion of such honest-to-God trade and the more of this, the better. But, as noted, our country also purchased an additional $618 billion in goods and services from the rest of the world that was unreciprocated.

当然必须强调的是，查理跟我都相信，真正的贸易，也就是与他国交换货当然必须强调的是，查理跟我都相信，真正的贸易，物与服务的行为，对于彼此都有相当大的益处，物与服务的行为，对于彼此都有相当大的益处，去年光是这类的贸易总额就达1.15兆美元，但除此之外，我们另外又向外国多采购了6，180亿美元兆美元，但除此之外，我们另外又向外国多采购了就达兆美元亿美元的产品与服务，这笔居高不下的数字将引发严重的后果。

Meanwhile, the Americans allowed the dollar to plunge in value. That angered the Chinese, which keeps most of its $1.76 trillion in foreign reserves in dollars. Chinese officials have accused the Americans of mismanaging the dollar at a time when Washington is still pressing China to appreciate the renminbi to narrow the trade deficit.

同时，美国也允许了美元贬值，这激怒了中国，因为中国的1.76万亿美元的外汇储备大部分都是以美元的形式储备的，中国官员们认为在美国对中国施压要求人民币升值来减少其贸易赤字之时却让美元大幅贬值的做法是不应该的。

The modest appreciation thus far of the yuan, a cumulative 2.7% versus the U.S. dollar in the 14 months since the Chinese currency was revalued by 2.1% and unpegged from the U.S. dollar in July, 2005, has had minimal impact on Chinese trade.

8月份，中国单月贸易盈余达到创记录的188亿美元，9月份这一数字将有所下降。9月底，累计贸易盈余预计将达到1100亿美元，而全年有望达到1300亿美元，远高于2005年的1020亿美元。

From August 2008 to August 2009 the European Union moved from a trade deficit, calculated as a three-monthly moving average, of $26.0bn to a surplus of $1.1bn.

从去年8月至今年8月，以3个月移动平均值计算，欧盟已经从260亿美元的贸易逆差变成了11亿美元的贸易顺差。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。