贸易保护措施

With the deep development of economic globalization and trade liberalization, traditional methods refraining free trade, such as customs barrier and quota, are gradually enervated and abolished . Developed countries are turning to another puzzling, vague trade measure-Technical Barriers to Trade.

随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的深入发展，传统的关税壁垒、配额等限制贸易的措施逐渐弱化并取消之后，一种隐蔽性更强、透明度更低的贸易保护措施——贸易技术壁垒(Technical Barriers to Trade——TBT)逐渐受到发达国家的青睐。

With the deepening development of economic globalization and trade liberalization traditional trade barriers such as tariff and quota are gradually enervated and abolished. Developed countries are shifting to another puzzling vague trade measure ----technical barriers to trade.

摘要随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的深入发展，传统的关税壁垒、配额等限制贸易的措施逐渐弱化并取消之后，一种隐蔽性更强、透明度更低的贸易保护措施----贸易技术壁垒逐渐受到发达国家的青昧。

With the deepening development of economic globalization and trade liberalization, traditional trade barriers such as tariff and quota, are gradually enervated and abolished. Developed countries are shifting to another puzzling, vague trade measure ----technical barriers to trade.

随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的深入发展，传统的关税壁垒、配额等限制贸易的措施逐渐弱化并取消之后，一种隐蔽性更强、透明度更低的贸易保护措施----贸易技术壁垒逐渐受到发达国家的青昧。

Under the background of globalization, rules of origin today does not limit itself within the identification of export product, foreign trade statistics, it is also used as non-tariff barrier so as to protect domestic vulnerable industry and encourage and attract foreign investment.

在经济全球化的背景下，原产地规则的意义已不再局限于出口产品身份证明、贸易统计等传统目的，还被用作非关税贸易保护措施，以保护国内敏感产业、鼓励和吸引外资等。

Since we come in the 21th century, although the voice of freetrade is very high, the commerce protection has been in existence at large. Due to the restrict of traditioanal commerce protection such as quota system and tariff wall, the developed countries begin to establish more rigorous and more hidden commerce protection. They establish a lot of technique barrier to treat the developing countries unfairly.

进入二十一世纪以来，虽然自由贸易的呼声很高，贸易保护主义却普遍存在，在传统贸易保护措施如配额、关税壁垒逐渐受到约束的情况下，发达国家采取的贸易保护措施反而更加苛刻与隐蔽，他们制定了名目繁多的技术性壁垒，对发展中国家实施不公平待遇。

In the 1970s he took the view, which he recognised as dissenting, that international trade should be, as he put it,"in some sense, managed" through import controls, adding unpersuasively that this was not really protectionism, since he did not want to reduce imports, merely the propensity to import; and protection should be "as minimally selective as possible".

在上世纪70年代，他发表观点（他意识到此观点不受欢迎）：国际贸易应该像他所指出的那样是通过进口管制实现的&某种意义上的管理&，他还缺乏说服力地补充这确实不是贸易保护主义，因为他并不主张减少进口，只是减少进口倾向；应当&尽可能最少地选择&贸易保护措施。

Given such rapid progress of Chinese economy,foreign governments are forced by their internal protectionism to implement measures to alleviate the dissatisfying mood of their people.

反倾销作为GATT和世界贸易组织认定和许可的贸易保护措施，是国际通行的保护国内产业的手段，也是用来对付不公平竞争的必要工具。

Both the US and China must resist domestic pressures to restrict trade or risk igniting a wider trade war.

美中两国之间必须共同抵抗来自国内的贸易保护措施或者在激化广泛贸易摩擦的风险。

Strategic trade policy can take different measures under different market structures, such as trade protection measures and industry measures. And these measures are used to transfer the rent of foreign oligopolies to native so as to improve native welfare or to get make external economics to back up native industries and to enforce the competition of native oligopolies.

战略性贸易政策可以采用不同的政策措施，如贸易保护措施和产业措施来达到转移外国垄断企业的利润来提高自身的国民福利以及获取外部经济、提高本国企业竞争力、支持本国产业发展的目的。

Because the traditional trade protective measure is unreasonable and illegal, the western countries adopt some new trade protective measures rationals to be legal to protect national interests.

由于传统的贸易保护措施既不合理又不合法，西方国家采用一些新的合理合法的贸易保护措施来保护本国利益。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。