贯入深度

This paper examines the soil characteristic and liquefaction degree of hard shell seams at the subaqueous delta of the Yellow River. Four typical areas were chosen for measuring, testing and studying. The hard shell seam strength was measured by in-situ Proctor penetrometer. Undisturbed soil sample of 1 m long was excavated for laboratory soil property test. Sledge hammers were dropped down freely to hit the load board to simulate the wave force acted on the hard shell seam. The excess pore pressure and strength variation were observed. The liquefaction depth of the hard shell seams at four study areas under different wave storms were calculated by theory.

为揭示黄河口水下三角洲硬壳层的土性特征和风浪作用下的液化破坏状况，选择典型研究区，在现场利用普氏贯入仪测试硬壳层的强度特征，原位取1m原状样进行室内土工试验；利用重锤锤击荷载板的方式模拟波浪对硬壳层的动力作用，通过孔压探头和普氏贯入仪实时监测土体内孔压和振动前后强度的变化；通过理论计算研究硬壳层在不同风浪等级下的液化深度。

Results of eight investigations make use of the soil experience and analysis form the disaster area of 921 earthquakes, The result of soil investigation and analysis form the disaster area of 921 earthquakes, Understanding such as: 1. The recommand degree depth of drive stake is 40% of stake length for stake and wattling method on dry soil condition. And 58% of stake lengths on unsaturated condition. And 67% of stake length on soil saturated condition.

本研究乃以8个涵盖921集集地震灾区之区域地质样区，采取土样进行试验分析与计算，经研究调查结果得知，乾土时打桩编栅工法桩材的贯入深度建议为桩材长度之40%，半饱和时的桩的贯入深度建议为桩材长度之58%，完全饱和时桩贯入深度建议为桩材长度之67%。

This analytical approach shows that, as increasing the wear flat of indenter, the maximum indentation force needed to develop critical plastic zone increases and its corresponding critical penetration depth also increases slightly, Note that the effect of wear flat will affect rock fracture behavior. In addition, regarding the simulation of the effect of doubled-indenters, result shows that two adjacent indenters may interact each other as reaching the transient/critical relative space between indenters of 2~3. It dicpicts that a proper spacing arrangement between indenters may enhance a efficient mechanical cutting due to the less required maximum indentation force and energy dissipation.

由数值模拟之结果得知，当楔尖磨耗增加时，岩材产生脆性破坏之初裂贯切力随之增加，而其对应之临界贯入深度则亦微幅增加，故磨耗效应确会干扰岩材脆性破坏机制之形成；而由双刀效应之模拟，可知两贯切刀楔互制影响之破坏裂缝生、衍行为，当双刀相对刀距为时，岩材之破坏特徵有明显变化，即定义此为临界相对刀距，并探讨其产生脆性破坏所需初裂贯切力之变动范围及应力重叠区，由此得知适当之刀距安排将有助於减少能量之耗损。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。