质谱仪

Significant amorphous transformation and chemical chain scissions were observed, which depended strongly on ion fluence and electronic energy loss near the sample surface.

用35MeV/u的Ar离子室温下辐照多层堆叠的半晶质的聚酯膜，采用X射线衍射技术和X射线光电子谱仪分析研究了辐照引起的表面结构和组分的变化。

In China, only the 40Ar/39Ar Laboratory of Beijing University has realized automatic measurement, but its control system was completely transplanted from Berkeley Geochronology Center, California, US.

针对国内这一领域的空白，中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所联合天津大学精仪学院共同合作研究"中国科学院科研仪器创新研制项目——智能化惰性气体同位素测量系统"，率先提出智能化测量系统的研究方向，在Ar-Ar年代学实验室现有质谱设备的基础上进行研制。

For it is rubor after damaging to the closing soft tissue, getting swollen, getting hot aching and model of functiolaesa these bed solicit and there is no fracture,no skin damaged, we designed the corresponding experiment, namely the law of hot board causes little mouse\'s painful experiment of threshold of pain; Freun\'s complete adjuvant caused the swollen experiment of big mouse\'s foot;The xylene caused the swollen experiment of little mouse\'s ear; Invigorating blood circulation silt experiment that changes the sex that the rheology appearance examines the blood and flows with the blood; Useing the high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemistry Detected monoamine neurotransmitters transmitter in the brain and serum; the experiment of immunohistochemistry measured the proto-oncogene C-FOS expresses.

针对闭合性软组织损伤后的红、肿、热、痛及功能障碍的典型临床体征，加上无骨折、无皮肤破损的特点，我们设计了相应的实验，即热板法致小鼠疼痛的痛阈实验；福氏完全佐剂(Freun\'s complete adjuvant，FCA)致大鼠足肿实验；二甲苯致小鼠耳肿实验；用血流变仪测血液流变性的活血化瘀实验；运用高效液相色谱—电化学(high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemistry Detection HPLC-ECD)法测量大脑及血清中单胺类神经递质的实验以及免疫组织化学法检测原癌基因C-FOS蛋白产物表达的实验。

The synthesized monomer and fluorescent polymers were characterized by the methods of nuclear magnetic resonance (~1H NMR), mass spectrography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectra and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively.

采用核磁(~1H NMR)，质谱，红外光谱，差示扫描量热法，可见紫外分光光度仪和荧光光谱等方法对合成的荧光分子以及荧光聚合物的结构和性能做了表征，系统地研究了所合成的荧光聚合物的荧光性能。

The stable clones are further identified by RT-PCR and Western blot; 6 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of cells (AGS, SGC7901, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 7 Soft agar assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the clonality of cells (AGS, MKN28); 8 Nude mice assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell growth of gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28); 9 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell cycle distribution of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3, GES-1); 10 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the cell apoptosis of cells (AGS, MKN28, NIH3T3); 11 MTT assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR) in vitro; 12 SRCA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR) in vivo; 13 Flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on adriamycin accumulation of cancer cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60, HL-60/VCR); 14 Transmission electron microscope is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of SGC7901 cells towards drug-induced apoptosis; 15 Flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay are used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the sensitivity of cells (SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR, HL-60/VCR) towards drug-induced apoptosis; 16 Microarray is used to investigate the profiling of ZNRD1-responsive genes in gastric cancer cells (AGS, MKN28, SGC7901, SGC7901/VCR); 17 RT-PCR and Western blot are used to identify the results of microarray; 18 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of cyclin D1; 19 Reporter gene assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the transcriptional activity of MDR1; 20 Kinase assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the activity of cyclin E-CDK2 kinase; 21 The antisensenucleic acids of p21 is used to inhibit the expression of p21, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p21 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 22 The antisensenucleic acids of p27 is used to inhibit the expression of p27, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of p27 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 23 Liposome is used to up-regulate the expression of Skp2, and flow cytometry is used to investigate the effect of Skp2 on ZNRD1-induced cell cycle arrest in gastric cancer cells; 24 Western blot is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the stability of Skp2 and p27 in gastric cancer cells; 25 MVD assay is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the angiopoietic activity of gastric cancer cells; 26 ELISA is used to investigate the effect of ZNRD1 on the expression of VEGF165 in gastric cancer cells; 27 The roles of DARPP-32 in MDR of gastric cancer cells are investigated using gene transfection, MTT assay, SRCA, flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay.

应用杂交瘤技术制备ZNRD1的首个单克隆抗体；2）利用RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组化检测ZNRD1在胃癌组织、胃炎组织、正常胃上皮组织、胃癌细胞和正常胃组织上皮细胞中的表达；3）构建ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体，并测序鉴定；4）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的真核表达载体及其空载体转染胃癌细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28）和小鼠成纤维细胞（NIH3T3），G418筛选后进行鉴定；5）利用脂质体将ZNRD1的小干扰RNA载体及其空载体转染药敏胃癌细胞（SGC7901）、正常胃组织上皮细胞（GES-1）、对长春新碱耐药的胃癌细胞（SGC7901/VCR）、药敏白血病细胞（HL-60）、对长春新碱耐药的白血病细胞（HL-60/VCR），G418筛选后进行鉴定；6）利用MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、SGC7901、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）生长的影响；7）通过软琼脂克隆形成实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞克隆形成能力的影响；8）通过裸鼠成瘤实验检测上调ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞体内成瘤性的影响；9）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3、GES-1）的细胞周期的影响；10）通过流式细胞仪分析上调ZNRD1对细胞（AGS、MKN28、NIH3T3）的凋亡的影响；11）通过MTT实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）体外药物敏感性的影响；12）通过肾包膜下移植法检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR）体内药物敏感性的影响；13）通过流式细胞仪分析ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60、HL-60/VCR）内阿霉素蓄积和泵出的影响；14）通过透射电镜检测上调ZNRD1对SGC7901细胞凋亡敏感性的影响；15）通过流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、HL-60）凋亡敏感性的影响；16）通过基因芯片检测ZNRD1高/低表达对胃癌细胞内基因表达谱的影响；17）利用RT-PCR、Western blot对基因芯片的结果进行鉴定；18）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1对cyclin D1的启动子活性的调节作用；19）利用报告基因实验检测ZNRD1高/低表达对MDR1的启动子活性的调节作用；20）利用激酶试验检测ZNRD1对cyclin E-CDK2 激酶活力的影响；21）利用反义核酸技术抑制p21的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p21对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；22）利用反义核酸技术抑制p27的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测抑制p27对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；23）利用脂质体转染法上调Skp2的表达；通过流式细胞仪检测上调Skp2对ZNRD1介导的细胞周期阻滞的影响；24）利用Western blot检测ZNRD1对p27和Skp2的蛋白稳定性的影响；25）利用微血管密度实验检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞裸鼠移植瘤微血管形成的影响；26）利用ELISA检测ZNRD1对AGS、MKN28细胞培养上清和移植瘤匀浆中VEGF165含量的影响；27）利用脂质体转染法、MTT实验、肾包膜下移植法、流式细胞仪和DNA梯度试验检测新耐药相关分子DARPP-32对细胞（SGC7901、SGC7901/VCR、对阿霉素耐药的胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR）多药耐药表型的影响；利用脂质体转染法和MTT实验检测下调ZNRD1对DARPP-32介导的胃癌多药耐药的调控作用。

Occurrence of RE hydride was identified in the Al-Si alloy containing RE andenrichment of hydrogen in polynary RE intermetallic compound was determined by means ofEPMA, secondary ion mass spectrography, Hg-free vacuum drivepipe hydrogen-meter to-gether with metallography and porosity measurement.

采用电子探针、二次离子质谱、无汞真空套管测氢仪等检测手段，并配合金相分析及试样孔隙度的测定，鉴定出含稀土的Al-Si合金中有稀土氢化物的存在，确认在多元稀土金属间化合物中氢的富集，提出稀土具有较强固氢作用的观点。

The main metabolites in each reactor were detected by UV/VIS, infrared and high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Probably, the mother dye molecule facultatively hydrolyzed to produce 1-NH2-2-hydroxy anthraquinon, OH-substituted anthraquinon and 3,4-dihydroxy-benzonic acid.

对各反应器中主要的代谢产物分别进行紫外-可见、红外和高效液相色-质联谱仪检测分析后发现，母体染料经兼氧水解首先生成1-氨基-2-羟基蒽醌以及还原态的—OH基取代蒽醌隐色体，进一步水解生成3，4-二羟基苯甲酸。

Mass spectroscopy was used to track and analyze the components of ion current for those compositions volatilizing easily from the blue gel pen inks on paper in the experiment.

热重-质谱联用仪跟踪分析了签字笔墨水中易挥发物质离子流的成分以及它们随时间的变化。

Fluorescence spectrophotometers, differential refractometers, electrochemical detectors, mass spectrometers, light scattering detectors, radioactivity detectors or other special detectors may also be used.

荧光分光光度计，差示折射仪，电化检测器，质谱光度计，光扫描检测器，放射强度检测器或其它专门的仪器也可以使用。

With the building of spectrum elucidation and the accumulation of bilingual teaching, the teacher-structured was reasonable and the teaching conditions were comprehensive. Now, we have the United States Bole Fourier transform infrared spectrometer BIORED FTS135, a dispersion type infrared spectrometer, UV-visible two spectrophotometers, a nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry.

波谱解析课程经过课程建设与双语教学的实践积累，师资结构合理，教学条件完备，现在有美国伯乐公司傅立叶变换红外光谱仪BIORED FTS135一台、色散型红外光谱仪一台、紫外-可见分光光度计两台、核磁共振仪一台、质谱计一台。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。