质粒

These data suggest that the terminal hairpin structure and ITRs of PfDNV play a key role in the rescue and gene correction process: sequence at the junction of the terminal palindrome of PfDNV genome and the pUC119 can form typical Holliday structure, it can be cutted by the special endonuclease, then the exposed 3'hairpin structure serving for a self-primer to initiate viral DNA replication; and the intact extremity acting as a template to repair another altered end within inverted terminal repeats.

说明存在着一种拯救和基因修复机制，推测与PfDNV基因组末端结构（Hairpin、ITR）有密切关系：PfDNV基因组与pUC119质粒连接处可形成Holliday结构而被识别该结构的核酸内切酶所切割，游离下的基因组3'发夹结构作为引物起始复制，然后被置换链的完整的5'ITR作为模板修复部分缺失的另一端ITR，推测这个过程需要病毒NS蛋白以及细胞因子的参与。

This research is taking sea perch as the material, and cloning the Syntaxin 1B gene. After extracting RNA from sea perch tissue, we gained the first chain of cDNA by RT-PCR. Then designing a pair of primers according to the sequence of Syntaxin 1B from other organism. Based on the first chain of cDNA cloned from sea perch, the partial sequence of Syntaxin 1B gene is been cloned by using TD-PCR and we received the 751bp fragment at last.

本实验从鲈鱼脑组织中提取总RNA，通过反转录得到cDNA第一条链，根据已克隆出的其它生物的Syntaxin 1B基因序列，设计并合成引物，在妒鱼syntaxin1B基因部分序列克隆与分析 cDNA第一条链的基础上使用降落PCR，进行体外扩增妒鱼 Syntaxin IB基因的部分序列，得到长度为75 lbP的片断，在胶中洗脱下该片段，与pMD 18一T载体链接，转化入感受态细胞，挑取阳性克隆扩大培养，提取质粒，经HindIH和x一gaH两内切酶消化得到75 1 bp的片断，证明链接成功。

When DNA concentration was 1. 5 μg/mL and the voltage was 1750 V, 261 transformants were obtained in screen plate.

当质粒DNA浓度为1.5μg／mL、转化电压为1750V的时候，可以得到261个转化子，经鉴定均为阳性克隆子。

Must participate in a closed circuit of moving matter, like the rim of a wheel turning on its axis.

换言之，每个在密实空间中移动的质粒，必定同时参与移动物质的封闭回路。

Thus, the caspase-3-like activation can be real-time monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis.

该质粒在植物细胞中可以表达出两端为青色荧光蛋白和黄色荧光蛋白的融合蛋白。

To elucidate the mechanisms regulating TSHb expression, we isolated a 5.1-kb fragment of the red-spotted grouper 5'-flanking region by Genome walking .1.8kb of this upstream region was used to produce GFP reporter construct (pBK-TOL2) for analysis of tissue-specific expression in zebrafish embryos.

将起始密码子上游1864bp的启动子片段顺向克隆到pBK-TOL2载体中， pTSHb-TOL2重组质粒与转座酶mRNA共注射斑马鱼一细胞期受精卵，荧光显微镜观察发现，TSHb启动子驱动GFP在原始生殖细胞和垂体中表达。

Results Identification by enzyme restrictions and PCR amplifications, as well as DNA sequencing confirmed that the plasmids were successfully constructed.

结果 限制性酶切、PCR扩增和DNA测序证明质粒构建成功。

Results The recombinant plasmid pSNAV2.0-TK was verified byPCR and restricton endonuclease. The coat protein of AAV was detectedby SDS-PAGE method, the purity of rAAV2/HSV-TK was＞98% byHPLC method and the titre of rAAV2/HSV-TK was 1×10~(12)v.g./ml byDNA dot blot hybridization.

结果：重组质粒pSNAV2.0-TK PCR扩增的片段大小和酶切鉴定所切下的片段与预计结果一致；SDS-PAGE法检测到三条特征性的AAV外壳蛋白条带，HPLC法检测rAAV2／HSV-TK的纯度＞98％；用DNA斑点杂交方法检测rAAV2／HSV-TK的滴度为1×10~(12)v.g。

Viciae hurL gene formed nodules in wild-type amounts, indicating that hurL gene is required for nodulation. Although the function of hurL gene in inducing nodulation remains unknown, the results of this work revealed that in addition to the nod and exo genes located on Sym plasmid, the R. leguminosarum chromosomal hurL gene is also involved in controlling its capacity in inducing nodulation on host plant.

虽然目前对hurL基因影响豌豆根瘤菌诱导植物结瘤能力的机制并不清楚，但本文的研究结果首次证明：除位于共生质粒上的结瘤基因和胞外多糖基因外，豌豆根瘤菌在宿主植物上的结瘤还受到染色体基因hurL的控制。

Viciae hurL gene formed nodules in wild-type amounts, indicating that hurL gene is required for nodulation. Although the function of hurL gene in inducing nodulation remains unknown, the results of this work revealed that in addition to the nod and exo genes located on Sym plasmid, the R.

虽然目前对hurL基因影响豌豆根瘤菌诱导植物结瘤能力的机制并不清楚，但本文的研(来源：Acf6fBf6C论文网www.abclunwen.com)究结果首次证明：除位于共生质粒上的结瘤基因和胞外多糖基因外，豌豆根瘤菌在宿主植物上的结瘤还受到染色体基因hurL的控制。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！