质子的

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3-10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20-60 MeV. At the same time, the rollover energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increase. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.

通过数值求解包含二阶费米加速的一维扩散方程，探讨在准平行激波条件下激波厚度和级联阿尔芬波对粒子加速的影响，研究粒子分布函数的演化与激波厚度和阿尔芬波强度的内禀关系，计算结果表明：(1)考虑激波厚度时，谱指数明显依赖于激波厚度，随着厚度从0.32增大到2.56，低能端(3-10MeV)谱指数逐渐从2.1增加到3.7，高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从2.4增大到5.0，能谱逐渐变软；当初始注入粒子动量增大1.3倍，质子能谱指数从4.3减小到3.1，且与零厚度激波加速的谱指数差值缩小；厚度不变时，随着压缩比从2增加到4，准稳态分布时低能端(3-10MeV)粒子能谱指数逐渐从4.0减小到1.8谱变硬；(2)在级联阿尔芬波的影响下，随着时间的增大，粒子在低能处(3-10MeV)的谱指数从2.5减小到0.6高能端(20-60MeV)谱指数从11.6减小到5.0，能谱变硬，拐点能量值从7.5MeV增大到为19.6MeV；随着波的能量密度增大，谱指数从5.8减小到2.9，这表明阿尔芬波强度越大，加速效率越高，通过与激波厚度解析结果和高能粒子事件的观测能谱比较发现两者是一致的，说明数值模拟结果是可靠的。

The bulky ortho-brominated aryl groups are implanted to create nonplanarity around amino center. Thus, the effective conjugation length to the protonation site is shortened and the energy gap between neutral and protonated forms is narrowed. The protonation can only occur at the nitrogen atom of the benzothiazole and the temperature variation disturbs the equilibrium between the neutral and monocation and the reverible thermochromic effect can thus be achieved.

在邻位的位置引入立体阻碍大的溴原子，进而控制质子化过程的酸碱平衡只发生在 benzothiazole 上的氮原子上，企图达到只有中性分子，与单阳离子两种稳定的形式存在，经由外界的刺激下，例如温度或酸的量的改变，促使逆反应的发生，而达到热致变色的效果。

The Mo center of [Mo8](superscript 4)-shows a slight distorted square antiprism coordination environment. The N atoms of cyano groups, acting as acceptors of hydrogen bonds, together with protonate N atoms from organocations and the lattice water, serving as donors of hydrogen bonds, form intricate hydrogen bond interactions, thus generating three-dimensional supramolecular network with the help of π-π interactions of some organocations.

Mo8(上标 4-)离子中，Mo中心处于扭曲的反四棱柱配位环境。8个未配位的氰基氮原子作为氢键的受体，有机阳离子上质子化的氮原子和结晶水作为氢键的给体，形成了丰富的氢键作用，这些氢键作用连同部分有机阳离子间的π-π堆积、阴阳离子间的静电力和Van Der Waals力构筑成三维超分子网络。

The invention discloses a dielectric hole-microhole composite material and synthesizing method in the inorganic porous material, adsorbing material and catalytic material technical domain, which comprises the following steps: adopting zeolite molecular sieve as raw material; reacting with sodium bisilicate solution under 30-60 deg.c for 10-300 min; disintegrating particle part of zeolite molecular sieve into piece with microhole structure; adding cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as molder; adjusting pH value of mother liquid to 10-12; aging 1-8h; adding in the high-pressure autoclave to do water heat synthesizing reaction at 80-130 deg.c for 24-72h; separating solid; washing; drying; sintering under 500-600 deg.c for 5-10h; obtaining the Si-Al porous material with dielectric hole and microhole composite structure.

本发明属于无机多孔材料、吸附材料和催化材料技术领域，涉及具有介孔-微孔复合材料及其合成方法。其特征是以沸石分子筛为原料，用偏硅酸钠的水溶液在30～60℃反应10～300分钟，使沸石分子筛的颗粒部分解离形成具有微孔结构的碎片，加入模板剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，然后调节母液pH值为10～12，老化1～8小时，然后加入高压釜于80～130℃进行水热合成反应。反应24～72小时后，分离出固体，水洗、干燥，然后于500～600℃焙烧5～10小时，得到具有介孔和微孔复合结构的硅铝多孔材料。本发明的效果和益处是所发明的合成方法可用于合成多种沸石结构和介孔结构的复合材料，所合成的材料经过质子交换可以具有较强的酸性，在吸附和催化领域具有广泛应用前景。

PCL is not crystallizable when its content is lower than 50 wt% in theuncured novolac/PCL blends, whereas, after cured with 15 wt% HMTA, PCL is stillcrystallizable even the content of PCL is 30 wt%.

对质子自旋—晶格松弛时间的研究还表明未固化的novolac／PCL共混物和固化的novolac／PCL共混物都具有组成依赖性的相容性，固化交联导致了novolac和PCL之间的相容性的劣化以及体系的非晶态中的微区尺寸的增加。

RESULTS Duodenal ulcer was the first cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastric ulcer, cirrhosis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome or acute gastric mucous lesion was the second cause of the illness alternatively. The rate of endoscopy and emergent endoscopy has been going up year after year and got up to 80% in 1998. Bleeding and active hemorrhage, respectively were found in 24.3% and 14.9% of the patients underwent endoscopy before medication. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed in 108 patients by spraying hemostatics and a good response was achieved subsequently. Hemostatics were mainly cimetidine and yunnan baiyao before 1994. Reptilase, pPI, famotidine and ranitidine were used increasingly while cimetidine and yunnan baiyao were used decreasingly. Octreotide was used in patients with cirrhosis commonly. The length of hospital stay and the period from admission to bleeding cease tended to be shorter year by year, but the reduction rate was small. The uses of ranitidine, famotidine, pPI, reptilase, octreotide, early endoscopy and endoscopic therapy may play a role in improving the therapeutic effect of hemostasis, reducing the hospitalization and the mortality.

结果 十二指肠球部溃疡是历年上消化道出血的首要原因，胃溃疡、肝硬变、Mallory -Weiss综合征、急性胃粘膜病变则交替成为第2位出血原因；内镜诊断率和急诊内镜率逐年提高，1998年达到80%，内镜下见出血者占内镜检查的24.3%，而见到活动性出血者仅占内镜检查者的14.9%；内镜下止血108例次，成功率100%；1994年前治疗药物主要为云南白药和甲氰咪胍，之后，随着立止血、质子泵抑制剂、法莫替丁、雷尼替丁等药物使用的逐渐增多，前二者的使用逐渐减少，善得定多用于肝硬变出血；住院天数和止血天数呈逐年下降的趋势，但幅度微小；雷尼替丁、法莫替丁、PPI、立止血、善得定的使用以及及时的内镜检查和内镜下治疗在提高止血效果、缩短住院天数、降低死亡率方面可能起到了一定作用。

Its mechanism is the use of anthraquinone in alkali conditions off proton surface forming 10 more stable carbon anion face, but because carbon anion and oxygen ion exist between testosterone and enolate type each other changes, cause reaction product complex, at least five, reaction selectivity, product yield, separation difficulties, and product purity is not high, therefore, using the type and quantity of alkali, phase transfer catalyst type, solvent, to optimize the selection process conditions so as to improve the yield target product.

其机理是利用蒽酮在碱存在的条件下脱去氢质子面形成10位较稳定的碳负离子面进行，但是因为碳负离子和氧负离子之间存在酮式和烯醇式的互变，导致反应复杂，产物至少有五种，反应选择性差，产物分离困难，产率低，且产品纯度不高，因此，利用对碱的种类和量的多少，相转移催化剂的种类，反应溶剂的选择，来优化反应工艺条件从而提高目标产物的产率。

The invention is characterized in that phthalide of general formula, wherein n and X have the meaning cited in the description, is reacted with nitrogen heterocycles of general formula: H-Z, wherein Z has the meaning cited in the description, or with nitrogen heterocycle metal salts of general formula in the presence of an aprotic polar diluent and optionally in the presence of a basic auxiliary reaction agent.

本发明涉及制备通式的2－杂环基甲基苯甲酸衍生物的新的方法，其中n、X和Z具有说明书中给出的意义，该方法提供高收率和高纯度，其特征是，通式的2－苯并呋喃酮，其中n和x具有说明书中给出的含义，与通式的氮杂环：H－Z，其中Z具有说明书中给出的意义，或与通式的氮杂环的金属盐在质子惰性极性稀释剂中并任选在碱性反应助剂存在下反应。

On the discussion about mechanism of mutation of methylating, we explored thermodynamics and dynamic properties on base pairs, investigating the proton transfer on base pairs.

从甲基化对嘌呤碱基电荷的影响，到甲基化引起碱基配对的改变造成碱基配对的诱变等都作了较为详细的探讨；在对甲基化诱变的探讨中，我们进行了热力学和动力学方面的研究，同时对碱基之间的质子迁移的难易程度也作了探讨；并在充分考虑水分子存在的情况下研究了甲基化对碱基之间的氢键作用和堆积作用的影响。

Employing high-dilute method and 5-fold excess amine prepared two new "two-armed" acyclic diamine intermediates I_a and I_b, which are also intermediates of synthesizing microcyclic compounds, and eight aromatic Schiff bases, II_, were synthesized from reaction of I_a or I_b condensing with different aromatic aldehydes. Their composition and structure were characterized by Elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis, LIF,~1HNMR and MS. The hydrogen bond interactions and MS fragmental patterns were also discussed.3. Several novel transition metal complexes using II_a as ligand were synthesized and identified by Elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis,~1HNMR and molar conductivity.

1，采用高度稀释及胺过量五倍的方法合成了两个具有吡啶双酰胺臂的非环二胺Ⅰ_a和Ⅰ_b，并以它们为中间体进一步合成了八个芳香席夫碱Ⅱ_a-Ⅱ_h，通过元素分析及各种波谱测试鉴定了它们的组成与结构，对化合物的UV-Vis、LIF、IR、~1HNMR及MS进行了较为详细的讨论，还探讨了席夫碱的氢键相互作用及质谱裂解方式； 2，以席夫碱Ⅱ_a为配体合成了几个新型的过渡金属配合物，并通过元素分析、UV-Vis、IR、~1HNMR、摩尔电导及DTA—TG对其进行了表征，讨论了化合物的配位情况及配体在配位中的脱质子行为。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。