质子的

All these observation furthers demonstrated the excited state properties of platinum polypyridyl acetylide complexes could be tuned by ancillary acetylide ligand. Proton or metal cation could be used as switch to change the order of the lowest excited state from LLCT to MLCT.

以上工作从另一角度再次证明，利用辅助配体的电子效应，能明显改善三联吡啶Pt络合物的激发态性质，其中质子或金属离子有效调节HOMO轨道的能量，实现了LLCT激发态向MLCT激发态的转换。

Analogous complexes 3a" and 4a"= CpRu(PPh32, Ar = para-C6H4OMe containing methoxy group at the para-position of gem-diphenyl group were similarly obtained from protonation of the corresponding acetylide complexes via formation of vinylidene intermediate. But only complex 3a'= CpRu(PPh32, Ar2 = fluorenyl is stable in solution, and decomposed to unidentified complex when heated to reflux in THF. Deprotonation of complex 4a in the presence of base gives neutral acetylide complex 6a.

在两个相邻位置的苯基对位位置上接有一甲氧基的衍生物3a"和4a"也可利用类似的质子化反应合成，唯有错合物3a'= CpRu(PPh32， Ar2 = fluorenyl 可以稳定於溶液中，不会进行上述反应，如将其溶於四氢呋喃溶液加热至沸腾则会分解产生无法鉴定的化合物。

The reaction process in methanol solvent can be deduced from the computational results with CPCM solvent model and the supermolecular handling, namely the reaction involves four steps in the methanol solvent. The nucleophilic addition of trimethylamine to acraldehyde generates an enolate. Nucleophilic attack of the enolate on the aldehyde forms the carbon-carbon bond, followed by the proton-transfer process and the further elimination generating the product and liberating the trimethylamine catalyst.

对于CH3OH对反应体系的影响，可以综合考虑CPCM溶剂模型及超分子模型下的研究结果，即CH3OH溶剂中反应按四步进行，催化剂三甲胺首先与丙烯醛发生亲核加成，生成的两性离子中间体与甲醛发生类似于Aldol的醛醇缩合，形成碳-碳键，之后发生分子内质子转移，最后经E1cb消除得到产物，并释放催化剂三甲胺。

Space environment threaten orbited spacecraft' s safe functioning and astronaut' s health, influence greatly communication depended on based-space way, airmanship orientation, military detection, aim identification, weather observation and source exploration and so on by all sorts of function (magnetic storm, solar proton event and so on).

空间环境通过各种效应(如磁暴、太阳质子事件等)对在轨航天器的安全运行及航天员的健康构成了严重的威胁，对依赖于天基手段的通信、导航定位、军事侦察、目标识别、气象观测、资源勘探等等均有重要影响。

Low pH caused the amidogen of microorganism in the activated sludge protonized and high pH caused make the hydroxyl salinized, and increased the hydrolyzation of microorganism which would have side effect on the denatured effect.

过低的pH值会导致活性污泥中微生物氨基质子化；过高pH值会使之羟基盐化，而且过高或者过低的pH值还会增强微生物的水解作用，这样影响活性污泥的改性效果。

European scientists say they have set a record for high-energy collisions of protons in the world's largest atom smasher, mimicking conditions close to the "Big Bang" that created the universe.

欧洲的科学家说，他们在世界最大的原子对撞机上创下了高能量质子对撞的最新纪录，模拟创造宇宙的"大爆炸"状态。

The heavy elements in the theory of spontaneous metamorphosis immediate sensation around the world ;(4) is proposed to estimate the Earth's radiation age;(5) from the charge-mass ratio α which is derived helium ions;(6) from the scattering of α Bighorn recognized atomic mass concentrated in a radius of 10-12 meters in the nuclear, on positively charged core surrounded by negatively charged electrons;(7) with natural α-particles from the nitrogen nuclei in the outgoing protons, this is the first time human beings to change the chemical elements of artificial nuclear reactions;(8) predicted that heavy hydrogen and neutron sub-existence .

这一重元素自发蜕变理论立即轰动全世界；（4）提出用放射性估算地球年龄；（5）从α的荷质比得出它是氦离子；（6）从α大角散射认识到原子质量集中在半径为10－12米的核上，核带正电，周围是带负电的电子；（7）用天然α粒子从氮原子核中打出质子，这是人类第一次实现改变化学元素的人工核反应；（8）预言重氢子和中子存在。

Gas diffusion layer is one of the most important components in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The contact resistance between current collector and gas diffusion layer is an important part of the total resistance of fuel cell and is also a key factor led to the power loss of PEMFC.

气体扩散层是质子交换膜燃料电池的重要组件，其与极板之间的接触电阻是燃料电池内阻的重要组成部分，也是导致燃料电池功率损失的重要因素。

They touch on both the relationship between countries and the complex web of nationalities, so they\' re the key points of the paper.

这些质子都是在民族关系的层面之上，既涉及到国与国之间的关系，又涉及到复杂的民族关系，是本文研究的重点。

Compared to that of two-arm PCL18–DBAS (Figure 1a), the NMR spectrum of the mixture revealed that characteristic methylene proton signals of DBAS, which initially overlapped with signals corresponding to the PCL main chains, shifted downfield to d=4.5–4.7 ppm upon complexation (Figure 1c).

相比于二臂PCL18-DBAS（图1a），此混合物的核磁共振谱揭示，DBAS的特性亚甲基质子信号，他们一开始是与相应于PCL主链的信号重叠的，而在络合作用下则向下面漂移到δ＝4.5～4.7ppm（图1c）。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。