质子的

Now an international team of astronomers has finally observed the acceleration of protons within a shock wave. Using the Very Large Telescope in Paranal, Chile, and NASA's Chandra spacecraft, they measured the visible light and x-ray emissions of the remnant of a supernova about 8200 light-years away in the direction of the constellation Circinus.

现在，一个由天文学家组成的跨国研究小组终于观察到激波内部质子的加速情况，他们利用智利帕拉纳尔的甚大望远镜和美国国家航空航天管理局的钱德拉太空船，测量到了圆规座方向大约8，200光年处一颗超新星残骸发出的可见光和 X 射线。

Between the {111} planes in single crystal Si there are two interplanar spacings, d(111) and d(111), but there is only one interplanar spacing d(110) between Si {110} planes, so that their blocking dips would be different.

单晶Si的{111}晶面有两个面间距d_(111)~和d_(111)~，而{110}晶面只有一个面间距d(110)。由此导致两者的堵塞坑是不同的，我们已从α粒子和质子的Si单晶堵塞效应的实验得到了证实。

Because the carbonyl in its structure is with strongly absorb-electron effect, so it is a kind of non-proton polarity solvent with high boiling point, high flash point and low melting point, use conveniently for many processing operation such as filtration, distillation, solvent extraction, and so on; it is with very low toxicity, so the harm to human body is inappreciable, and reduce the environment pollution; due to its very strong dissolvability, it can dissolve organic matter, inorganic matter, resin, polymer, etc., and activate all kinds of reagent, mix to dissolve the other high boiling point solvents; it is with very good stability, it is stable under the hot strong alkali and acidity condition, it is with water-resistance and light, oxygen stability.

246℃ m.p：—20℃闪点121℃ flash point： 121℃分子式：C6H12N2O molecular formula： C6H12N2O 分子量128.18 molecular weight： 128.18 二、DMPU的化学性质 Chemical character of DMPU 其结构中由于羰基具有强烈的吸电子效应，因而它是一种非质子的极性溶剂，具有高沸点、高闪点、低熔点，在过滤、蒸馏、溶剂萃取等工艺操作中使用方便；毒性极低，对人体危害微不足道，也减少了对环境的污染；由于它具有极强的溶解性，能溶解有机物、无机物、树脂、聚合物等，并对各种试剂具有活化性质，还能与其它高沸点溶剂混溶；具有极好的稳定性，在热的强碱和酸性条件下都很稳定，还具有耐水性及对光、氧的稳定性。

It is shown, for the first time, that the pairing strength of the neutron, Gn, increases dramatically around the magic number N=82, while for the proton it is strongly related to the odd-even difference of the neutron number.

在相对论平均场框架下系统地研究了稀土区同位素链的对力强度，首次发现了中子的对力强度 Gn在中子幻数N=82处突然增大以及质子的对力强度 Gp和中子的奇、偶性有关的特性，证明了对力强度本质上是和核的壳层结构紧切相关。

The integrated analytical results show that the novel ligand coexists in ketoform and enolform structures under the measuring conditions, the ketoform structure may change into the enolform structure during the coordination and bonds with the central ion by two O atoms of the enolized hydroxyl group of pyrazolone ring and H2O and the N atom of the imine group and the N atom containing H of benzimidazole ring by losing the proton. And the coordination number of these complexes is four.

综合各种分析结果显示：配体在测试条件下以酮式和烯醇式结构共存，配位时酮式可能转化为烯醇式结构，按去质子的方式以吡唑啉酮环羟基和H2O上的两个O原子以及亚胺基上的N原子和苯并咪唑环上的含氢N原子与中心离子成键，配合物的配位数为4。

We studied DBU-mediated Ireland-Claisen rearrangement. Using DBU as the base for enolization of allylic esters of unsaturated acids 9-16, we found a novel DBU-mediated tandem Ireland-Claisen rearrangement /isomerization reactions and established a consecutive Ireland-Claisen rearrangement /Cope rearrangement.

利用DBU作为烯醇化碱，对含有活泼质子的烯酸烯丙酯类化合物9-16的Ireland-Claisen重排进行了系统的研究，创建了一条新颖的DBU-促进的Ireland-Claisen重排/异构化串联反应及Ireland-Claisen重排/Cope重排的串联反应路线。

Although the Tevatron produces many orders of magnitude more hadrons than do the machines at KEK and SLAC, it is nevertheless much harder to study the decay of B mesons in proton-antiproton collisions.

虽然Tevatron能比KEK和SLAC的加速器产生多许多个数量级的强子，但是在正负质子的碰撞中研究B介子的衰变仍是非常困难的。

An assumed Gaussian tail is addedonto the HO distribution. The calculations for〓 of the protron-rich isotones 〓〓 and 〓 and for 〓 the neutron-rich isotopes 〓were finished by theGlauber Model along with the modified density distrution. The calculated resultsshow that d values of these nuclei along with the modified density distribution arelower than the calculated ones along with the only HO density distribution.

为减小Glauber模型计算的反应截面与实验值的差别，本论文还对Glauber模型的输入密度形式进行了修改，在原单-HO分布基础上加一个高斯分布的尾巴，并对丰质子的同中子素核〓及〓与〓靶以及〓和丰中子的C同位素核〓与〓靶的反应截面重新进行了计算，结果显示在中能区的计算值比原来单一密度分布的计算结构有明显改善。

Powerful superconducting magnets, cooled by liquid helium to within 1.9 kelvins (3.4 degrees Fahrenheit) of absolute zero (–459.67 degrees Fahrenheit, or –273.15 degrees Celsius), keep the protons on course and accelerate them to higher speeds.

用绝对零度（华氏-459.67度，或摄氏-273.15度）之上1.9K（华氏3.4度）的液氦冷却的强大超导磁体，用于确保质子的运行并且将之加速到更高的速度。

Two important directions in the development of proton linacs are high current proton linacs (mainly applied in nuclear power field) and compact proton linacs.

当前质子直线加速器发展的两个重要方向是强流质子直线加速器和小型质子直线加速器。前者主要用于核能领域，后者主要用于质子治疗。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。