质子

The key equipment of proton therapy system is ion source machine, include two types, cyclotron and synchrotron.

质子治疗系统主要的设备是射线源发生器，有回旋加速器和同步加速器两种。

Radioactive decay studies have found a kinds of elements can be α or β decay and the decay into another element, while the α-decay product of -α-rays became one of the deep structure of the material means of .1911, the Rutherford and others bombarded atoms with α-rays observed wide-angle deflection to determine the nuclear structure of atoms and nuclei was first proposed the term .1919 year, Rutherford and others have also found that with α-ray bombardment of nitrogen will release the nuclear protons, this is the first time Artificial realization of a nuclear reaction, after the bombardment of nuclei with the radiation caused by nuclear reaction method to become the primary means of research in nuclear.

放射性衰变研究发现了一种元素可以通过α衰变或β衰变而变成另外一种元素，而α衰变的产物——α射线又成了人们探讨物质深层结构的手段。1911年，卢瑟福等人用α射线轰击原子、观察到大角度偏折，从而确定了原子的有核结构，并首次提出原子核这一名词。1919年，卢瑟福等人又发现用α射线轰击氮核会放出质子，这是首次用人工实现的核反应，以后用射线轰击原子核来引起核反应的方法逐渐成为研究原子核的主要手段。

The results showed that the preoxidation of PPESK was a free radicals reaction,which was initiated by the decomposition of proton in aromatic ring and sulfone functional group and the removal of H_2O and SO_2.When the preoxidation temperature was above 460℃,the radical reaction was initiated by the decomposition of ketone functional group and the removal of CO_2.At last,the three-demensional cross-linking structure containing polyaromatic ether and biphenyl was formed.

研究表明，PPESK的预氧化过程是一个自由基反应过程，始终伴随着芳香环质子和砜基官能团的脱除引发的自由基交联反应，脱出H_2O与SO_2；当预氧化温度超过460℃后，随着反应的进行，由羰基官能团分解引发的自由基交联反应开始发生，脱出CO_2，并最终形成了含有大量聚芳醚和联苯结构的稳定的三维空间网状结构，进而完成PPESK由热塑性材料向热固性材料的转化。

It consists of a copper septumand a pulsed electrostatic deflector that have a reasonable strength.

为了向先进的主动方式的扫描系统和适形治疗提供高品质的束流，作者结合北京质子治癌同步加速器的Lattice，进行了水平方向的单圈注入的方案设计。

Through calculation of degradation activated energy and a comparison of damage effects, it was indicated that the addition silicone rubber had better resistance to proton radiation than that of the condensation rubber.

辐照降解活化能的计算和损伤效应的比较表明，加成型硅橡胶的耐质子辐照能力优于缩合型硅橡胶。

The deuteron can fuse with another proton to make a helium 3 nucleus .

氘核可以和另一个质子聚合以生成一个氦3核。

"Deuteron:The nucleus of a deuterium atom, consisting of a proton and a neutron, regarded as a subatomic particle with unit positive charge."

"氘核：氘原子的原子核，由一个质子和一个中子组成，被视为带单位正电荷的亚原子。"

When two deuterium nuclei (each containing a deuteron are proton, one neutron) polymerization into a helium-4 nucleus, releasing a large number of atomic energy.

因为当2个氘核（每个氘核都含有1个质子、1个中子）聚合成1个氦4原子核时，释放出大量的原子能。

The result indicated that deoxidizing emeraldine destroyed of quinone diamide conjugate structure, both of the conductivity and solubility were reduced. The charge was delocalized along the molecular chains after protonic acid doped, which was beneficial to the electric conductivity.

结果表明，还原本征态聚苯胺破坏了聚苯胺链中的醌二亚胺的共轭结构，电导率和溶解性能均下降；质子酸掺杂本征态聚苯胺后分子链上的电荷离域程度增加，有利于电子流动，从而提高其电导率。

In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon material in a protic reaction medium.

在另一个方法中，在质子性反应介质中至少一种重氮盐与碳材料反应。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。