质子

The transfer behavior of pyrazolone derivatives, such as antipyrine, aminopyrine, 4-aminoantipyrine and analgin, across the W/NB interface was investigated. The three medicines studied can form complex with a proton and the complex formed can transfer reversely across the W/NB interface and the transfer process was controlled by diffusion. The transfer of protonated analgin was not observed within potential window because of its high transfer potential.

研究了吡唑啉酮类的安替比林、氨基比林、4-氨基安替比林和安乃近四种药物在W/NB界面的转移行为，前三种药物在一定pH值的水溶液中结合一个质子形成1∶1质子配合物，并能在W/NB界面发生可逆转移，其转移过程受扩散控制，安乃近的质子化物由于有较高的转移电位而未在电位窗内观察到其转移峰。

The method is realized by that polyether ether ketone is added into concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out sulfonation reaction, thereby obtaining sulfonated polyether ether ketone, then the sulfonated polyether ether ketone is dissolved in organic solvent, N, N (1)-Carbonyldiimidazole is added to stir for one to three hours, coupling agent is mixed for stirring the reaction for 1.5 to 4 hours, then inorganic crosslinking agent is mixed to react under the temperature of 50 to 80 DEG C. Proton conductors are mixed to continue getting the mixed solution of the sulfonated polyether ether ketone or the inorganic crosslinking agent or proton conductors under the temperature. Finally the proton exchange membrane for a direct methanol fuel cell is obtained by that the mixed solution of the sulfonated polyether ether ketone or the inorganic crosslinking agent or proton conductors is/are processed through membrane forming, drying and exuviation.

该方法首先将聚醚醚酮加入浓硫酸中进行磺化反应得到磺化聚醚醚酮；然后将磺化聚醚醚酮溶于有机溶剂中，加入N，N′-羰基二咪唑搅拌1～3小时后加入偶联剂搅拌反应1.5～4小时，再加入无机交联剂在50～80℃下反应，然后加入质子导体继续在此温度下反应得到磺化聚醚醚酮/无机交联剂/质子导体的混合溶液；最后将磺化聚醚醚酮/无机交联剂/质子导体的混合物溶液成膜，干燥，脱膜即得到所述的直接甲醇燃料电池用质子交换膜。

IR studies of Co metal ion complexes with salicylaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone in solid state brings out the deprotonation of phenol in the formation of Co in pH 5—6 solution.On the contrary,the phenol is protonated in the formation of Co 2 in pH 8—10 solution,which is the same as the result of Zn 2 formation.

水杨醛苯甲酰腙钴络合物在固态的红外光谱分析表明，p H约 5— 6时，生成的络合物Co中的酚羟基脱质子，当 p H控制在 8— 10时，生成的络合物 Co 2 酚羟基质子化，即酚羟基未脱除质子，与络合物 Zn 2 的 IR结果相同。

The 1H-NMR spectrum collected on a 200 MHz instrument had a doublet at a chemical shift of 5.88 parts per million which integrated to one proton, a multiplet at 4.19 ppm which integrated to one proton, a singlet at 2.5 ppm which integrated to six protons, a doublet at 1.60 ppm which integrated to three protons, and a broad peak at 0.8 ppm which integrated to two protons.

该核磁共振谱收集在一个200 MHz的仪器有一个双线在化学位移5.88百万分之的综合，以一质子， 1 multiplet在4.19 ppm的综合，以一质子，单在2.5 ppm的综合到6个质子， 1双在1.60 ppm的综合三个质子，和广阔的高峰期， 0.8 ppm的综合两个质子。

The 1H-NMR spectrum collected on a 200 MHz instrument had a multiplet at a chemical shift of 5.3 parts per million which integrated to one proton, a triplet at 2.5 ppm which integrated to four protons, two doublets at 1.66 ppm and 1.59 ppm which integrated to three protons each, and a multiplet from 1.4-1.2 ppm which integrated to six protons.

该核磁共振谱收集在一个200 MHz的仪器有一个multiplet在化学位移5.3每100万的综合，以一质子，三重在2.5 ppm的综合，以4个质子， 2 doublets在1.66 ppm和1.59 ppm的综合，以3个质子，每个和multiplet从1月4日至1月2日ppm的综合，以6个质子。

Effects of proton number, doping degree and so on were discussed by means of a new model.

有实验资料表明质子在膜中的大多数输送是链段运动和质子跃迁双重作用的结果，利用模拟参数本文将输送的质子数表征为链段运动和质子跃迁两项和的形式。

From top to bottom are plotted: magnetic field strength , component field , radial solar wind speed , proton density , proton temperature , the ratio of proton thermal pressure to magnetic pressure and the

从上到下依次是：总磁场，磁场的分量，太阳风速度，质子数密度，质子温度，质子热压力与磁压力的比值及He++与质子的数密度比值。

The present development of high temperature proton conductors with high chemical stability as electrolyte materials for protonic ceramic membrane fuel cells is reviewed, as well as the influence of novel element doping strategies on the chemical stability, ionic conductivity and sinterability for BaCeO3-based materials.

重点评述了近期化学稳定性好的高温质子导体电解质材料的发展以及新的掺杂体系对于经典BaCeO3基质子导体在化学稳定性、电导率和烧结活性等方面的作用，分析了高温质子导体作为电解质材料在质子陶瓷膜燃料电池发展中存在的问题和发展的方向。

The application results from fluorination showed microwave heating could accelerate chemical reactions markedly. The reaction time could be shortened 50% at least than that of conventional heating. The relationship between fluorinating agents\' structure and their activity was studied systematically. In addition, an anhydrous KF with higher activity was prepared by using expansion effect of microwave heating. As we known, solvents were very important to reaction. The comprehensive study showed some less polar aromatic solvents could be used as dipolar solvents. In addition, they had better effect than dipolar solvents in some occasions, such as fluorination of chlorobenzaldehydes and chlorinated diphenyl ketones etc. The primary applications of ionic liquids were also studied which indicated reactions with ionic liquids as solvents were more efficient and simple.

研究表明，微波是一种节能高效的加热方式，在微波作用下的卤素交换氟化反应具有反应速度快、转化率高、选择性好的优点，其反应时间可较常规加热缩短50%以上；同时也系统地研究了氟化剂种类及制备方式对其反应活性的影响，并利用微波加热的膨化作用制备出了一种活性较高的KF，其活性与喷雾干燥KF相差不大；溶剂对反应具有重要的作用，在此系统地研究了强极性非质子溶剂和中等极性非质子溶剂的应用情况，发现一些中等极性的非质子溶剂如硝基芳烃和氯代芳烃类溶剂在氯代苯甲醛类化合物的氟化反应中具有比强极性非质子溶剂更好的使用效果。

Two important directions in the development of proton linacs are high current proton linacs (mainly applied in nuclear power field) and compact proton linacs.

当前质子直线加速器发展的两个重要方向是强流质子直线加速器和小型质子直线加速器。前者主要用于核能领域，后者主要用于质子治疗。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。