货物共同海损

Shall jointly and severally contribute with the Carrier in general average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses or expenses of a general average nature that may be made or incurred and shall pay salvage and special charges incurred in respect of the Goods.

货物和货方应与运送人连带一起承担共同海损，支付因此而导致的所有属於共同海损的亏损、损失和费用，并应共同支付抢救货物的花费和特殊费用。

If the owners shall have exercised due diligence to make the vessel in all respects seaworthy and properly manned, equipped and supplied, it is hereby agreed that in case of danger, damage or disaster resulting from faults or errors in navigation, or in the management of the vessel, or from any latent or other defects in the vessel, her machinery or appurtenance, or from unseaworthiness, whether existing at the time of shipment or at the beginning of the voyage (provided the latent or other defects or the unseaworthiness was not discoverable by the exercise of due diligence), the shipper, consignees and/or owners of the cargo shall nevertheless pay salvage and any special charges incurred in respect of the cargo, and shall contribute with the ship owner m general average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses or expenses of a general average nature that may be made or incurred for the common benefit or to relieve the adventure from any common peril.

如果船东已经在各方面已经克尽职责，使船舶适航，且船只操纵得当，供应充足，双方同意如因引水或管船过失或错误，或因船舶、其机械或设备潜在的或其他缺陷，或因不适航而导致危险、损害或灾难，不论是在装船时或是在开航时(只要是克尽职责而仍然无法发现潜在的或其他缺陷或不适航)，发货人、收货人和／或货主仍然应当支付因货物而发生的救助报酬和任何特别费用，且应与共同海损的船主分摊在共同海损中可能因共同利益或为减轻共同危险而作出的任何牺牲或产生的损失的费用或开支。

If the owners shall have exercised due diligence to make the vessel in all respects seaworthy and properly manned, equipped and supplied, it is hereby agreed that in case of danger, damage or disaster resulting from faults or errors in navigation, or in the management of the vessel, or from any latent or other defects in the vessel, her machinery or appurtenance, or from unseaworthiness, whether existing at the time of shipment or at the beginning of the voyage (provided the latent or other defects or the unseaworthiness was not discoverable by the exercise of due diligence), the shipper, consignees and/or owners of the cargo shall nevertheless pay salvage and any special charges incurred in respect of the cargo, and shall contribute with the ship owner in general average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses or expenses of a general average nature that may be made or incurred for the common benefit or to relieve the adventure from any common peril.

如果船东已经克尽职责使船舶适航，且船舶操纵得当，供应充足，双方同意如因航行或管船过失或错误，或因船舶，其机械或设备潜在的或其他缺陷，或因不适航而导致危险、损害或灾难，不论是在装船时或是在开航时(只要是克尽职责而仍然无法发现潜在的或其他缺陷或不适航)，发货人、收货人和／或货主仍然应当支付因货物而发生的救助报酬和任何特别费用，且应与共同海损的船东分摊在共同海损中可能因共同利益或为减轻共同危险而作出的任何牺牲或产生的损失的费用或开支。

This was an appeal by the cargo-insurers and a cross-appeal by the ship managers from the decision of the Court of Appeal of Hong Kong in which it was held that the ship managers could join the shipowners as additional plaintiffs in the claims against the cargo insurers for general average contributions but not in the claims against the cargo-owners.

货物保险人提出了上诉请求，船舶经营人也提出了一个交叉上诉请求。根据香港上诉法院的一项决定，船舶经营人可以与船舶所有人一起作为共同原告向货物保险人提出共同海损请求，但是不能在针对货物所有人的共同海损诉讼中作为共同原告。

To these values shall be added the amount made good as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew's wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average.

上述价值如果没有包括牺牲的财产作为共同海损受到补偿的数额，则应加上这一数额。有风险的客、货运费，应扣减假如船舶和货物在共同海损行为发生之日全部损失就无须为赚得该项费用而支付的、不属于共同海损的费用和船员工资。财产价值还应扣减在共同海损行为发生以后所支付的一切额外费用，但已作为共同海损的费用或根据1989年国际救助公约第14条或任何其他实质上类似的规定裁决应由船舶承担的特别补偿除外。

To these values shall be added the amount made good as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew's wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average .

上述价值如果没有包括牺牲的财产作为共同海损受到补偿的数额，则应加上这一数额。有风险的客、货运费，应扣减假如船舶和货物在共同海损行为发生之日全部损失就无须为赚得该项费用而支付的、不属于共同海损的费用和船员工资。财产价值还应扣减在共同海损行为发生以后所支付的一切额外费用，但已作为共同海损的费用除外。

To these values shall be added the amount made good as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew's wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average or fall upon the ship by virtue of an award for special compensation under Art.

上述价值如果没有包括牺牲的财产作为共同海损受到补偿的数额，则应加上这一数额。有风险的客、货运费，应扣减假如船舶和货物在共同海损行为发生之日全部损失就无须为赚得该项费用而支付的、不属于共同海损的费用和船员工资。

BTo these values shall be added the amount allowed as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew's wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average or fall upon the ship by virtue of an award for special compensation under Art.

2上述价值如果没有包括牺牲的财产作为共同海损受到补偿的数额，则应加上这一数额。有风险的客、货运费，应扣减假如船舶和货物在共同海损行为发生之日全部损失就无须为赚得该项费用而支付的、不属于共同海损的费用和船员工资。

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping, and the loss or damage sustained thereby, shall be admitted as general average.

作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping, and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common Maritime adventure in consequence thereof, shall be allowed as general average.

作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。