货币

Moreover, capital escapement and money substitution makes money circulation difficult to measure.

此外，资本外逃和货币替代也使得货币流通数量难于测度。

The status of our exchange rate system makes monetary policy transmission mechanism show a special phenomenon. That is capital escapement and money substitution.

我国汇率管理体系所处的特殊状态使我国货币政策汇率传导机制表现出独特的现象，即资本外逃和货币替代。

The most extensively used Eurocurrency is the Eurodollar - A US dollar held on deposit outside the United States.

在发行国以外流通的货币，最广泛使用的欧洲货币是欧洲美元，即在美国以外地区流通的美元。

Alternatively and in conjunction with any collective exchange-rate arrangement, such as common-basket pegging, the countries involves should created open-ending short-term credit facilities like those of the European Monetary Cooperation Fund that backed up intervention in the European Monetary System.

二者择一地而且连同任何的集体兑换率安排，像是通常的-篮子钉木椿，国家包括应该产生开着的-结束短期的信用设备相似的那欧洲的货币合作的那些支持欧洲的货币系统的干涉基金。

Commercial banks are driven by the benefit of excess reserves,and thus they put large amount of funds in the central bank in form of excess reserves to get risk-less benefit, which influences the effect of central bank's money control and monetary policy.

商业银行在超额储备的利益驱动下，因此，他们把大量的资金放入中央银行形成超额储备，以获得低风险的受益，影响了中央银行对货币的控制力和货币政策。

Moving the monetary base from excess reserves to currency holdings, however, would yield no macroeconomic benefits.

然而，将基础货币从超额准备金换成货币持有量，对宏观经济并没有什么好处。

Article 11If the exchange gain or loss of any monetary item formed by an intra-group transaction of an enterprise is unable to be fully offset in the consolidated statements, the foreign exchange risk of this monetary item may be designated as a hedged item in the consolidated financial statements.

第十一条企业集团内部交易形成的货币性项目的汇兑收益或损失，不能在合并财务报表中全额抵销的，该货币性项目的外汇风险可以在合并财务报表中指定为被套期项目。

That is in direct quotation the exchange rate is expressed in units of domestic currency price of foreign currencies.

也就是说在直接标价法下，汇率是以本国货币表示的单位外国货币的价格。

In indirect quotation the exchange rate is expressed in units of foreign currency to local currency prices.

在间接标价法下，汇率是以外国货币来表示的单位本国货币的价格。

Compared with the internationalization of America, Europe and Japan, it's the best choice for China to mix the currency model of Europe and Japan.With the opening up and reform and the development of socialistic economy, although RMB is at the first stage of the currency internationalization, the improvement of our national economy and the macro-economy offer the basis of the RMB' internationalization. Meanwhile, China has formed some conditions which will shorten the progress of RMB's exchangeability.

随着改革开放的深入和社会主义市场经济的发展，尽管目前人民币还处于货币国际化的初级阶段，但我国国民经济实力的壮大和宏观经济条件的逐步成熟，为促进人民币国际化提供了强大的基础和动力；同时，我国已初步具备和正在形成人民币成为完全可兑换货币的一些条件，这些条件将使人民币实现可兑换的进程大大缩短。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。