财政或经济的

There is essential difference between contingent liability and any other liability. The contingent liability are produced by long-term accumulative conflict of financial system, which is difficult to measure, foresee.

政府或有负债与政府财政所举借的债务有着本质区别，它主要不是财政自身运行过程造成的，而往往是经济体制转轨中各种矛盾的综合反映，是经济运行深层次矛盾长期积累的结果，同时，政府或有负债是一种不易准确估量、预测的债务，它的风险性更大，如果把握不好，极易引发财政危机和经济剧烈波动，甚至危及国家的政治稳定。

Whether it is because the rise in oil prices, or due to the fall in property prices and the economy ceased to grow, policy makers may cut interest rates or tax cuts through to reduce the shock, the problem is that the United States is already facing a huge budget deficit, and interest rates is in There is no low-low level, regulated space than Australia and the United Kingdom is far smaller.

无论是因为石油价格上涨，或由于楼价下跌，正好与经济停止增长，决策者可能会降低利率或减税通过减少冲击，现在的问题是，美国已经面临一个巨大的财政赤字，利率是不存在的低低的水平，调节空间比澳大利亚和英国是小得多。

According to the economic situations of Taiwan, this study assumes three different policies, including monetary policy, fiscal policy, and exchange rate policy, then assess and analysis them under different scenarios separately.(1) Monetary policy: under the situation that central bank considers that raises rediscount rate by gradual adjustment or one-time adjustment.

依据台湾目前经济情势，本文假设三种不同政策，包括货币政策、财政政策以及汇率政策，分别在不同情境下进行评估与分析：(1)货币政策：在央行考虑调升重贴现率的情况下，选择逐次调整亦或一次调整的方案。

Organs of self－government have the right to handle local financial, economic, cultural and educational affairs.

民族区域自治地方根据《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》行使各种自治权利，有权依照当地民族的政治、经济和文化的特点，制定自治条例和单行条例；在不违背宪法和法律的原则下，有权采取特殊政策和灵活措施；上级国家机关的决议、决定、命令、指示，如有不适合民族区域自治地方实际情况的，自治机关可以报请批准变通执行或停止执行；自治机关有自主地管理本地方财政、经济、文化、教育事业的自治权利。

In the end, I propose five policy recommendations to stay away from fiscal crisis and the improvement of fiscal sustainability. They are to regulate the behaviors of the government's administration and the income distribution, to establish the mechanism of keeping stable growth of government revenues, to establish sinking fund, to form the mechanism of coping with the government emergency, to set up fore-emergency system, to reinforce the management of foreign liabilities, and to reduce the probability of the occurrence of contingent liabilities crisis.

最后，提出了六点开放经济条件下促进我国财政风险防范及财政持续性的政策建议，它们分别为规范政府行政与收入分配行为，形成财政收入稳定增长机制；建立偿债基金，构建政府应急反映机制；设立预警系统，防范债务风险；加强外债管理，防范外债风险；降低或有债务风险转化为债务风险的程度；加强财政政策与货币政策的协调配合。

Great majority Special Farmers" Cooperation set up by relying on the ability person , group leader business enterprise, or farming technology section, forming the property structure with differences, Hebei province is also the same, with the performance of the higher store capitalization concentration degree, appearing the difference between the big shareholder society member and small shareholder society member, the core society member and non-nuclear heart society member, the investor society member and manufacturer"s society member. the existence of advantage stock is the actual controller in co-operative societies, the surplus of the co-operative societies incline toward advantage shareholder, the Share Capital dividends is comparison far from the sum return according to trade return, Ministry of Finance funds nation the public finance prop up a funds and bring of the income is also basic for the big shareholder of the school store income.

合作社产权结构的同质性是合作社实现成员民主管理、资本报酬有限、盈余按惠顾额返还的基础，而河北省农村现阶段经济社会条件是资本和具有企业家素质的人才相对于劳动是稀缺的生产要素，绝大多数农民专业合作社都是依托能人大户、龙头企业、或农技部门组建，形成了农民专业合作社异质性的产权结构，表现为合作社股金集中度普遍较高，社员中出现大股东社员和小股东社员，核心社员和非核心社员，投资者社员和生产者社员的差别，合作社中的优势股为农民专业合作社的实际控制者，农民专业合作社的利益分配自然倾向于优势股东，按股分红的比例远高于按交易额返还的比例，国家财政扶植资金及带来的收益也基本为合作社的大股东所得。

SEC. 213. Subject to the conditions of this section and tosuch terms and conditions as the Administrator determines to benecessary to carry out the purposes of this title, the Administratoris authorized to guarantee, and to make commitments to guarantee, the principal and interest (including interest accruing between the date of default and the date of the payment in full of the guarantee) of any loan, obligation, or participation therein of any State, municipality, or intermunicipal or interstate agency issued directly and exclusively to the Federal Financing Bank to finance that part of the cost of any grant-eligible project for the construction of publicly owned treatment works not paid for with Federal financial assistance under this title, which project the Administrator has determined to be eligible for such financial assistance under this title, including, but not limited to, projects eligible for reimbursement under section 206 of this title.

a 依于这部分和tosuch 期限和条件的条件作为管理员确定对benecessary 执行这个标题， Administratoris 的目的被批准保证，和做承诺保证，主要和兴趣(包括兴趣累积在缺省日期和付款的日期之间充分保证)任一贷款、义务，或参与在其中任一个状态、自治市，或intermunicipal 或跨境代办处直接地和完全被发布对联邦财务银行提供经费，一部分的任何授予合格的项目的费用为公开地拥有的治疗工作的建筑没被支付与联邦财政协助在这个标题之下，射出管理员确定是有资袼这样的经济援助在这个标题之下，包括，但没限制对，项目有资袼退款在部分206 之下这个标题。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。