财务

This paper sums up the characteristics, causes and portents of a listed company's financial crisis on the basis of other scholars'studying both in domestic and abroad, which is helpful to building up a more pragma

本文针对上市公司财务危机预警问题，在国内外学者研究的基础上，分析了上市公司财务危机的特征、成因和征兆，有助于建立更为实用、合理、科学的财务危机预警模型。

The quiddity of financial crisis is an violent eruption of financial risks with the characters of extremely worsen financial status, payment crisis and even bankruptcy.

财务危机的实质就是财务风险规模化、高强度化的集中爆发，主要表现为财务状况极度恶化，发生支付危机，甚至破产倒闭。

The Financial reinsurance is a new way for risk transference; it can not solve any problems of insurance companies.

财务再保险是一种新型风险转移工具，但是财务再保险并不能解决保险公司存在的任何财务问题。

Article 6 The Company must reship the auditing opinions of certified public accountants in full text in the annual report, and may not modify or delete any financial accounting material (including financial statements and notes thereto) signed by certified public accountants and accounting firm with opinion.

第六条 公司必须在年度报告正文中全文转载注册会计师的审计意见，不得随意修改或删节会计师事务所和注册会计师已签发意见的财务会计资料（包括财务报表和财务报表附注）。

Article 6 The Company must reship the auditing opinions of certified public accountants in full text in the annual report text, and may not modify or delete any financial accounting materials (including financial statements and notes thereto) signed by certified public accountants and accounting firm at will.

第六条公司必须在年度报告正文中全文转载注册会计师的审计意见，不得随意修改或删节会计师事务所和注册会计师已签发意见的财务会计资料（包括财务报表和财务报表附注）。

Financial statement of stock company,which includes balance sheet,income statement and the statement of cash flows ,is the result of the financial status and the operation of the stock company.

财务报表是反映公司财务状况和经营成果的书面文件，它包括了资产负债表、损益表、财务状况变动表和现金流量表等。

For Berkshire's shareholders, myself included, the cost of this thumb-sucking has been huge. o Our consistently-conservative financial policies may appear to have been a mistake, but in my view were not. In retrospect, it is clear that significantly higher, though still conventional, leverage ratios at Berkshire would have produced considerably better returns on equity than the 23.8% we have actually averaged. Even in 1965, perhaps we could have judged there to be a 99% probability that higher leverage would lead to nothing but good. Correspondingly, we might have seen only a 1% chance that some shock factor, external or internal, would cause a conventional debt ratio to produce a result falling somewhere between temporary anguish and default.

另外我们一贯保守财务政策可能也是一种错误，不过就我个人的看法却不认为如此，回想起来，很明显的我们只要能够再多用一点财务杠杆操作(虽然较之他人还是很保守)，就可以得到远比现在每年平均 23.8%还要高的投资报酬率，即使是在 1965 年我们也可以百分之九十九地确定高一点的财务杠杆绝对只有好处没有坏处，但同时我们可能也会有百分之一的机会，不管是从内部或是外部所引发令人异想不到的因素，使得我们负债比率提高到介于一时冲高到负债倒闭之间。

Therefore, it is especially important to learn the basic knowledge about financial risk and to learn tousle the financial lever to prevent financial risk. Expounds the author's view-point.

因此掌握好有关财务风险的基本内容，学会如何有效地利用财务杠杆工具，防范财务风险，显得尤为重要。

Refore, it is especially important to learn the basic knowledge about financial risk and to learn tousle the financial lever to prevent financial risk. Expounds the author's view-point.

因此掌握好有关财务风险的基本，学会如何有效地利用财务杠杆工具，防范财务风险，显得尤为重要。

Therefore, aiming at the problems brought forward, based on current law system andinstitutional frame, 11 kinds of censorial mode and 13 kinds of censorial keystonescomes up in this article.

针对存在的问题，根据我国目前法律体系和制度框架，从 11 个方面提出了监督方式，从 13 个方面介绍了监督重点，重点介绍了监事会如何进行有效财务监督，包括财务监督的权利、财务监督的重点和方式。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。