负

This level cannot be greater than full employment, i.e. the real wage cannot be less than the marginal disutility of labour.

这个均衡就业水平不能大于充分就业水平，即实际工资不能小于劳动的边际负效用。

Issues that mostly appear in educated people can not simply boil down to the quality of education, intellectuals' common weakness is essentially a manifestation of education disutility.

出现在受教育者身上的居多问题，并不能简单地归结为教育质量问题。表现在知识分子身上的许多共性"弱点"实质上是教育负效用的体现。

Is, therefore subject to the condition that N cannot exceed the value which reduces the real wage to equality with, the marginal disutility of labour.

因此， (5)要遵循的限制条件为：N 不能超过使实际工资减少到等于劳动边际负效用的取值。

The goal is to select the optimum numbers,locations and capacities of transfer facilities and dispose facilities to open so that all wastes sources are satisfied at minimum total costs of the reverse logistics network and at minimum disutility to people.

考虑了在满足公众的意愿的情况下，建立了一个多目标的纯整数规划模型，最小化总的建设费用和设施对公众产生的负效用。

The postulate that there is a tendency for the real wage to come to equality with the marginal disutility of labour clearly presumes that labour itself is in a position to decide the real wage for which it works, though not the quantity of employment forthcoming at this wage.

实际工资趋向等值于劳动的边际负效用这一假定显然暗含着这样的推论：劳动者自己能够决定他愿意为之工作的实际工资，尽管他不能决定在这一工资水平下的就业量。

Even if is the prejudice system design takes to the peasant laborer the disutility, so long as this kind of effectiveness satisfies peasant laborers participation and the drive accommodating restraint, speaking of the peasant laborer is still a rational choice.

即便是歧视性的制度设计带给农民工负效用，只要这种制度设计依然满足农民工的参与和激励相容约束，对农民工而言进城就是一种理性选择。

Disutility must be here understood to cover every kind of reason which might lead a man, or a body of men, to withhold their labour rather than accept a wage which had to them a utility below a certain minimum.

负效用的理解应该涵盖各种原因，它们可能导致一个人或一群人宁愿失业也不愿意接受对他们来说其效用低于某一最低限度的工资。

It follows from this definition that the equality of the real wage to the marginal disutility of employment presupposed by the second postulate, realistically interpreted, corresponds to the absence of "Involuntary" unemployment.

由此定义可以推论出，第二条假定所暗含的实际工资等于就业量边际负效用，就其现实意义而言，相当于不存在"非自愿"失业情形。

In this thesis, there are 3 unprecedented distributions: first, we propose the innovative concept by using the disutility characteristic of virus; second, we breakthrough the restriction that only taking the single parameter into consideration, and we take the total system viewpoints into consideration to discuss its characteristics; third, instead of quantification, experimentation, and sub-data collection, we do the research through the interview and the field work.

综观国内外商学院论文，尚无类似论述，其突破性贡献有三：其一，本研究提出以病毒负效用的特性作为创新的论述，至今无人提出，虽可议却也空前；其二，本研究突破过去讨论病毒相关议题仅考量单项变数的限制，以全面性的系统观点探讨其特性；其三，此类议题的相关论文处理方式多半以量化、实作亦或次级资料整理为主，本研究则进行深入访谈的田野调查。

The first dither can selectively modify a primary-color gamma value of the negative picture or the positive picture.

第一抖动器可以选择的修改正图像或负图像的基色灰度系数值。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。